Book Management System Demand Specifications Specifications
He Navy, Xiong Yuehua
Abstract describes the design of the information center book management system database. The system is a book management system running in the school to realize computer management and book query function of book data.
Keyword book network management system database
1 Introduction
People have always used the traditional manual management of the daily work of the library. For the borrowing and reputation process of the library, they must be familiar with them. The borrowing and reputation process is mainly relying on manual before the computer has been widely used in the library. One of the most typical manual processes is: readers will be borrowed and lending cards to staff, and staff will put on the card and readers of the document included in each book in a small fence. In terms of lending cards and borrowing information on the borrowing stick per book. This is done in this way. At the time of the book, the reader will pay the book to the staff, and the staff found the corresponding book card and lending card according to the book information, and fill in the corresponding book information, so the book process is completed.
It is obvious that the shortcomings of the manual process described above will be apparent. First, the borrowing book is dealt, and the efficiency of the book business process is very low, and the number of readers who can serve will be limited in a period of time. Using a computer to handle these processes will undoubtedly greatly improve efficiency and processing power. We will see queue waiting for borrowing books, and the team of the book is no longer so long, the probability of the staff mistakes is small, the reader can spend more time in choosing books and reading.
In order to facilitate efficient management of library books, readers, borrowing books, etc., specially written the program to improve the management efficiency of the library. After using the program, the staff can query a reader, a borrowing of a book, and a statistical form can also be made to the current book borrowing situation, give a statistics to fully grasp the circulation of books.
This work design title: The main purpose of the Book Management System is to use the database software to prepare a management software to implement multiple management of books, readers, and daily work. At the same time, the analysis and design process of the entire system give a complete demonstration.
The library management system is a new model based on database data management based on centralized unified planning. In the management of books and readers, it is actually the management of books and readers. The completion of this system will undoubtedly provide a great help to the manager for the library management system.
2 system design
2.1 System Guidance Thoughts and Construction Goals
2.1.1
System guiding ideology
Based on the actual campus, focusing on future development, building a system of standardization agreements, strong versatility, practical systems, to improve the modern management level of book information, and achieve information resources.
2.1.1
System construction goals
(1) The problem to be solved: (Refer to a school) With the continuous improvement of office automation, the school management student information will gradually move from manual to computer automation information processing. The design of a functional, easy to operate, and the interface-friendly student information management system is already a thing.
(2) The purpose of system development: Improve the efficiency of book management work, reduce the workload of relevant personnel, so that the school's book management work truly scientific, reasonable planning, system, and efficient implementation.
(3) System name: Book management system
2.2 Overall function design
The system must be able to achieve the following features:
l Login System: Logout User, the system exits.
l Management: User Management, Book Management, Reader Management, Borrow Management.
l Query: book query, reader query, lending query.
l Report printing: all books, borrow books, stock books, all readers.
l Help: Instructions for use, about.
3 database design
3.1 Selection of Database Systems
This system is a small and medium-sized management system, the operating environment is Windows2000 Server, so Microsoft Access 2000 that is easier to use in a Windows environment is used as a backend database system. 3.2 Demand Analysis
Figure 3 Book circulation data flow chart
1.2
Judgment
Do you borrow a book?
Book
information
Reader
1.2
Handle
Book
Reader information
search result
Borrowing
Take a book
Borrow
Borrow information
Bottom copy
(b) borrowing books
Borrow
3
reader
1
books
5
1.1
books
Inquire
Borrow information
Inquire
4
judgment
2
critical result
Book
information
Book information
Reader
1
Borrow a book
2
Repurchant
Reader
Apply for borrowing books
Repurchant application
Borrow
Republic book results
(a) top data flow chart
3
Bidding certificate
Reader information
Certificate information
Demand analysis is the work of the database design to do, through demand analysis, we have made a data flow map of the library management system,
3
It is a library flow data flow diagram (there is a data flow map "also" also "and" handling the book certificate ").
Define the data dictionary based on the data flow map. The data dictionary is a description of the data in the database, and its role is to provide queries about data description information in software analysis and design, to ensure the consistency of data. The definition of the data dictionary is illustrated by way of Figure 3.
There are many data items in Figure 3, wherein the data item "reader number" can be described as follows:
Data Item Name: Reader Number
Alias: Reader Barcode
Meaning: Uniquely identifies each reader
Type: Character
Value range: 00000000 to 99999999
Value meaning: order number
"Reader" A data structure, which can be described as follows:
Data name: reader
Meaning Description: It is one of the data structures of the book management system to define information about a reader.
Composition: reader number, name, gender, unit
Data stream "Borrow Record" can be described below:
Data Live Name: Borrow Record
Description: Reader's borrowing record
Data Source: Processing Borrow Process
Data Go to: Borrow
Data Structure: Reader Number, Library Tibet, Borrow Date
Data Storage "Borrow" can be described below:
Data storage name: Borrow
Description: Record the book of books of the reader
Flowing data stream: Borrow record
Flowing data stream: Borrow record
Data Description: Reader Number, Library Tibet, Borrow Date
Data quantity: more than 5,000 per year
Access mode: random access
The processing process "judgment can borrow book" can be described as follows:
Process "judgment can borrow book"
Explanation: Depending on the reader's borrowed book, you can judge whether the reader can borrow a book.
Enter: Borrow record, reader information, by book information
Output: Can you borrow a sign?
Handling: After the reader puts forward the borrowing request, it is first judge whether the reader has reached 10 books. If it reaches 10 books, it cannot be borrowed again. If there is no 10 book, then it is necessary to judge the reader to borrow. Whether it is 0, if not 0, the book can be borrowed.
3.3 Database Design
In the book management system, the database design is an important location, the advantages and disadvantages of database design quality can directly affect the redundancy, data loss, and data loss of data. The system database verification design will be described below.
3.3.1
Database design theoretical guidance
The theoretical guidance of database design is paradigm theory, its main contents are as follows:
1) If the relational mode R, all of which is a simple domain, R is a standardized relationship, or called the first parameter (1NF) 2) If the relational mode R is the first paradigm, and each non-primary property is completely functionally dependent on The mode R is the second paradigm (2nF).
3) If the relational mode R is the second paradigm, and each non-primary attribute is non-transferred, the relational mode R is called the third paradigm (3nf).
4) Relation mode R is the first paradigm, satisfying the functional set f, X and a all the attribute sets of R, and X does not include A, if r satisfies X-> A and X must contain R, called relationship mode R is a BCNF paradigm.
3.3.2
Database Design
The book management system database often needs to be designed with the following data items: borrowing number, name, unit, collection number (Tracing number is the bar code number on each book), book name, classification number, author, price, etc. How to perform mode design? The following is an example of the database involved in the bookflow module.
Book
Reader
Borrow
M
n
Borrowing time
Tibet
Book name
Category number
Author
price
Book number
Name
gender
Figure 4 E-R map of books
belong
Single one
1
n
company name
Unit number
First design book circulation entity - relationwork
(E-r
Figure
)
.
E-R
Graph
3
A associated part of the composition, that is, the relationship between the entity, the entity and the entity, and the properties of the entity and relationship. The relationship between the entity "book" and "readers" during the library circulation is the relationship between the borrowings and the borrows. The relationship between the entity "reader" and "unit" is a relationship that belongs to the belonging. The "book" attribute has The attributes of "Hall Treas", "Title", "Category", "Author", "Price", "Reader" have "borrowing card number", "name", "gender", "unit" attributes "Unit Number" and "Unit Name", "Borrow" attribute "Borrowing Date", thus
E-R
Figure
4
.
From the figure you can know:
1 "Borrowing the ID" is the only thing, so "Book ID" determines "name", each reader should only belong to a gender, so "Borrowing ID" also determines "gender";
2 "Treasure" is the only thing, so "the collection" decides "the title", "Category", "Author", "Price";
3 "Unit Number" is unique, so "unit number" decides "unit name";
4 Each reader can only borrow a book at a time, so the "Borrowing No." "Tibet" decides "borrowing time."
If these data items are placed in a relational mode, according to the paradigue theory, the relationship mode belongs to 1NF (first paradigm), and there is problems such as deleting anomalies and redundancy, not the ideal mode, so I will decompose it into 3NF Or BCNF relationship mode. According to the rules of the paradigm and the ER diagram to the relational model, the above ER map can be converted to 4 relationship modes: 1 Book (Tibet, book name, classification number, authors, price); 2 readers (borrowing the title number, Name, gender, unit number); 3 Borrow (borrowed number, collection number, borrowing time), 4 units (unit coding, unit name), where the scribe is marked, which solves the insert, delete and data redundancy Waiting for problems.
We analyze the structure of the data, with more than 100 data sheets such as reader table, bookmark table, collection table, circulation table, and then create views and stored procedures according to the above design idea. The following example shows: Reader Table: Borrowing the title number, name, unit, reader category, title and other fields;
Bibliographic table: Tibet, ISBN, title, authors, publishing houses, number, language, literature type, version and other fields;
Collection table: Tibet, So, Category, Session, Collection, Unit, Publish Date of Publishing Date;
Circulation Table: Bidding number, collection number, borrowing period, repayment, renewal, response, operator, etc.
Borrowing Rule Table: Reader Category Coding, Book Category Code, Bill, Numbers, Solid Borrowing Number, Expiration Date, Leveling and Other Fields.
Reader Category: Reader Category Coding, Reader Category and other fields.
Book Class Table: Book Class Coding, Book Category and other fields.
3.4 Database Index
Establish an index is an effective means of accelerating the query speed. Each table of the database establishes a primary key. The primary key consists of one or several fields. Each table has established an index according to the primary key. In order to meet the needs of queries and sorting, in addition to establish In addition to the main index, a secondary index has also been established. For example, when you queries, you should use the "Treas", "Author", "Autumn" and other conditions to find books, so in the book surface, in addition to the introducers of the primary key "Tibet", it is also the "author", "Book name" and the like have established a secondary index.
3.5 view
The view is a table exported from one or several basic tables. It is defined above the basic table. It is a virtual table. Only the definition of the view is stored in the database, and the data corresponding to the view is stored. The data is still stored in the original Basic table. By defining a view, you can use the database structure in your eyes simple, clear, and you can simplify the user's data query operation. Due to the large data table in this system, there are many fields in the table. In order to simplify the operation of the table, we created a book _ according to the title query, journal _ Journal, Journal _ by editing department, borrow rules, stay Still inquiry, more than 30 views such as overdue recordings.
3.6 stored procedure
The stored procedure is a compiled program code that is stored in the database server. By calling the appropriate stored procedure, a large amount of data can be processed on the server side, and then send the processing result to the client. This reduces the transmission of data on the network, eliminates network blocked phenomena; for example, to query a record, if the recorded sequence number in the table is 10000, the store is not used, the server will record data from 1 to 10,000 records Send to the client, after the stored procedure is used, since the process is compiled and it is locally, it is not necessary to pass the network, so it can quickly find the required record and send the results to the client, and greatly reduce the online data transmission. . Another advantage of a stored procedure is to call different development tools, such as PB, VB, ASP, Delphi and other development tools. There are book search functions on the circulation module and the web query module, which actually calls the same stored procedure. This system has established more than 60 stored procedures, implementing the statistics such as borrowing book processing, new book entry statistics, cataloging into the library, reader statistics, generating profile numbers and other functions.
3.7 Database Call
Use the ODBC interface to implement the call to the database, which is called using the ADO interface.
4 use
The barcode has the soleness and the advantage that can be repeatedly used after input, using barcode technology as a means of quick input of information quickly and not easily handle the book management business. The system uses barcodes as the identity of books and readers to implement the uniqueness of identification.
After using bar code, you can make book management more simple, fast, and it is not easy to go wrong. For example, when a book has a unique barcode identifier, each reader also has a unique barcode identifier, the borrowing, the query is very convenient. The application barcode replaced the past, borrowed book card, borrowed, and nuclear borrowing time and other cumbersome manual labor. When the reader will borrow a book, the staff will give the staff, and the staff only needs to log in to the borrowing system, scan the reader's biblios, and the screen will display the reader's information, including the reader's name, Unit, can borrow a few books, have borrowed a few books, whether there is an expiration, no fine, etc. If you can borrow a book, the staff only needs to scan the barcode symbol on the book that the reader needs to use the barcode symbol. The book is called from the database from the database, automatically record In the reader's borrowing file, the borrowing work is completed. Generally, it takes only 1 to 2 seconds by a book. After the operation is completed, the computer automatically inputs the borrower and the borrowed book number to the corresponding database, and automatically prompt the borrowing period. references
[1] Wang Shan, database system principle tutorial, Tsinghua University Press, 2002.1
[2] Qi Zhichang waiting, Software Engineering, Higher Education Press, 2002.1
[3] Network resources
