Artificial life Shi Zhongzhong
Artificial life refers to an artificial system with life characteristics. The artificial life in the field of information sciences is the simulation system that generates natural life system behavior characteristics in the field of information science. Artificial Life is a new discipline field that has started the rise in the late 1980s, and is also one of the new development directions that occur after computer science in human intelligence. In the world, people who recommend "Artificial Life" concept are Dr. Chris Randon, Los Amos National Laboratory. He pointed out in 1987: life is characterized by self-propagation, evolution and other functions. Biology on the earth is only a form of life. Only by using artificial methods, use computer methods or other intelligent machinery to develop a life-characteristic behavior and study can we reveal the whole look of life. The research status of artificial life and the early history of artificial intelligence can be said to be parallel. At the end of the 1940s, in the early 1950s, Von. Nogan presented the likelihood theory of self-growth. Take a computer as a tool, ushered in the development of information science. In 1956 Dammer Summer Summary, McCarti proposed artificial intelligence. Formally forming the study of artificial intelligence disciplines. Many early works of artificial life are also from artificial intelligence. In the 1960s, Rosenblatt studied a perception machine, Stahl, established a model of cellular activity, and he used the Charter as an "algorse enzyme" and expanded the biochemical representation. In the late 1960s, Lindenmayer proposed a mathematical model of growth and development of cell interactions, and is now called L-system. These fairly simple models can significantly show complex development history, support communication and differences between cells. In the 1970s, CONRAD and his colleagues studied the adaptive, evolutionary and group dynamics in the artificial bionic system, put forward the continuous "artificial world" model. Later, focusing on the system burst of individual adaptability. The form of language theory of Chomsky is applied in the programming language specification description and development compiler. Cell automatic machine is applied to image processing. CONWAY proposed the cellular automatic machine of life. Artificial life is a strong driving force that forms a new information processing system and has become a particularly useful tool for studying organisms. The study of artificial life may combine information science and life science to form life information science. The study of artificial life in the early 21st century will be booming and make breakthrough progress. The scientific problems of artificial life research are as follows: Life self-organization and self-replication: researching the development and variation of celestial biology, cosmic biology, self-catalytic system, molecular self-assembly system, molecular information processing: study multi-cell development, genetic regulation network, Natural and artificial form formation theory. At present, it is studied by cellular automation, L-system, etc. Cell automaton is an example of a simple rule group for structural recursive applications. In the cellular automaton, the changed structure is the entire limited automatic machine. Typical form formation Theory is the L-system proposed in 1968 LindenMayer. The L-system consists of a rewrite rule of a set of symbol strings, which has a close relationship with the syntax of Chomsky. System complexity: Look at life from the system perspective, first physically defined as nonlinear, unbalanced open systems. Life is a composite of chaos and ordered. Nonlinearity is the root cause of complexity, which not only manifests on the random distribution of the morphological structure, but also in a near random change in the development process of things. However, through chaos theory, we can inspect the simplicity behind these complex phenomena. Nonlinearity links the complexity of the appearance and the simplicity of the nature. Evolution and Adaptive Dynamics: The model and method of evolution, artificial bionics, evolutionary game, molecular evolution, immune system evolution, learning, etc. In nature, evolution through species selection. Genetic algorithms and evolutionary calculations are currently extremely active research. Intelligent main body: The intelligent subject is the subject is autonomous, intelligent, reactive, hypere, and social calculation entities. The formal model of rational subjects, communication methods, collaborative strategies; research that emerged, communications and collaboration group intelligence evolution, social language systems.
