From: IT Manager World
Author: SZE
Second, the performance measurement and quality management of the project
Quality management is one of the important aspects of project management, establishing and implementing appropriate performance metrics is the key to quality management.
1. Establish a project's performance metrics
The development basis for project performance measures is the project plan, through project objectives and implementation of specific contents of the project, as the foundation and core of project performance measurement standards. Specific project performance measures can include the following main content: • Work range and project specific steps; · Basic time estimation and cost budget; · Financial forecasting and funding plan; · Work detailed arrangements; · Quality requirements; · · Quality requirements; · The final user satisfaction; · Enterprise management and the funder satisfaction.
2. Observe the actual performance of the project
Collect the relevant information of the project implementation through the project execution process, the relevant information of the project is collected, and the actual performance of the project is observed. In this step, the information channels you can use are: · Official channels, such as project progress reports, project regulations, project milestones, various meeting minutes, etc., informal channels, such as: members or end users with project team or end users Talks and discussions, communicate with corporate management or informal communication, etc.
3. Compare actual performance and measurement
The actual performance and pre-developed measurement standards for comparison projects are mainly by answering two issues: "How is project progress?" And "if the deviation from the project plan is caused?". The performance measurement is based on the status of objective evaluation projects, so that the decision makers can make an objective and impartial judgment on the actual progress of the project, thus take the necessary measures in a timely manner. Evaluate the progress of the project through performance metrics, always is the responsibility of the project team and the enterprise senior management.
4. Take corrective actions
After the actual performance and measurement of the project, if a deviation occurs, corrective actions need to be taken, and the implementation item will be pulled back to the right track. Corrective action can take the following form: · Re-establish project plan; • Re-arrange project steps; · Re-allocate project resources; • Adjust project organization forms and project management methods.
Third, the management control of project risks
In the risk analysis of the ERP system implementation of the company, we realize that the potential risks of ERP projects include: software risk - such as software function risk and software selection risk; implement risk - such as project organizational risk, time and progress control risks, Cost control risks and implementing quality control risks, transforming risks - management of risk of management, organizing the risk of organizing architecture adjustment, the risk of performance evaluation system changes. Management and control of various risks that have occurred in the process of ERP projects is an important part of project management running throughout the ERP project. The following is an introduction to the aspects and tools for project risk management and control.
Risk management model
For the risk management of an ERP implementation project, we must first need to have a profound understanding and understanding of the project itself, by understanding the project's potential risks. On the basis of project risk identification, the control points for project risk management are evaluated. After identifying project risks and test risk management, the screening determines the remaining project risk, and further instructions on this part of the remaining risks. In the process of project implementation, special measures are taken for this part of the risk management and control, thereby minimizing risk and controlling risks.
In the above risk management model, you can find that: in the initial understanding of the project phase, the identified potential risk may be much more; after evaluating the control point of the project risk management, screeing potential risks, removing those can use usually project management measures Avoid and overcoming potential risks, so that the practitioners can focus their energy in those of the remaining risks; after determining the remaining risks, some targeted management and control, ultimately make the overall risk of implementation can be effective control.
It can be seen that the essence of risk management is: identifying risks, screening risks, controlling key risk, and ultimately reducing risks.
2. Specific content of risk management
Usually risk management can be divided into four steps: identify risks, measure risk, manage risk, monitoring project performance.
The main task of identification risk is to determine the risk of the project implementation and record the risk. It should be noted that risk recognition is throughout the entire project implementation, not just the beginning of the project; the possible risks include various internal factors and external factors; while identifying risks, it is necessary to dialectically analyze its negative Effect (ie threats of risk) and positive effects (ie potential opportunities).
Measure risk, mainly for identification, identifying the interaction between risks and risks, and potential series of consequences, while also requires determining the importance of risks and prioritization of risk. In this stage, analytical tools, including "risk assessment matrix", "expected investment return rate", "simulation" and "decision tree". Management risks are the most direct and most critical steps in risk control. During management risk, it is necessary to develop enhancement measures on the front effects of risks (ie, potential opportunities), and the negative effects of risk (i.e., possible threats). For different risks, it is necessary to take appropriate measures based on its importance, impact size, and have been determined, and the response to negative risks can be as avoided, and the efforts are reduced or managed. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to "time sex" when processing the risk - ie, judgment and take measures in the first time; and "repetitive" - that is, the risk that has occurred or has been controlled Review often, ensuring that the risk can get a stable long-term control.
In the end, we need to monitor the project process, check the actual effects of risk control, and evaluate the overall performance of the project.
In summary, project management is controlled by project management cycles, controlling projects from performance measurement and quality management, risk management control, enabled enterprises to achieve projects expected. Project Management The success of ERP projects is crucial for management control of various implementation risks.
