From: IT Manager World
Author: SZE
In the previous article, "Risk Analysis of Enterprise Implementation ERP System", we started the system from the selection of the ERP system, and the main risks existing in the implementation of the system online. Through the understanding and analysis of risks, we can realize that establishing a full set of effective projects and risk management mechanisms are critical to improving the implementation of the ERP system.
For all aspects of the ERP project, organizations, management, and monitoring are to achieve internal and external persistent work procedures to achieve the expected results and goals of the project implementation. This is the basic principle that the needs of time, cost, and product details may have contradictimes in the needs of each other. The following is a combination of the actual experience, tools, and methods of the ERP project management combined with the implementation of the implementation of the ERP project.
I. Typical project management loop a complete ERP project typically includes three major phases: demand analysis, system selection and system implementation; in system implementation stages, it can be subsequently divided into implementation plan, business simulation test, system development confirmation, system conversion Run, evaluate five main steps after running. Project Management revolves around the entire process of the entire ERP project, the project's design authorization, demand analysis, software and hardware evaluation selection, and system implementation of the system implementation. A typical ERP project management cycle typically includes: project start, project selection, project planning, project execution, project evaluation and update, and six main contents of the project. Figure 1 reflects the relationship between the implementation phase of the ERP project and the project management cycle.
1. The project began project start phase mainly analyzes the demand, scope and feasibility of ERP projects, and formulates the overall arrangement plan of the project, and the project responsibility and authorization are determined by the enterprise and ERP project consulting firm with the "Project Contract". Project management at the beginning of the project mainly includes the following:
· Demand assessment analyzes and evaluates the overall demand and expectations of the enterprise, and clearly determines the expectations and goals of ERP project outcomes.
· Project scope definitions define the overall range of ERP projects based on the designation and demand of the company.
· Feasibility analysis is based on the expectations and objectives of the project and the implementation of the expected project, and evaluated the company's own human resources, technical support, etc., which clearly requires measures and investments to be taken to cooperate with the project.
· The project is scheduled to make an overall plan for the time, progress, personnel, etc. of the project, and formulate an overall plan of the ERP project.
· Project authorization is signed by the company and the ERP project consulting company, clarify the responsibilities of both parties, and authorized the consulting firm based on the needs of the project.
2. The project selection is clarified that after the expectations and demand of the project, the main job of the system selection phase is to choose the right software system and hardware platform for the company. The general process of system selection is:
· Screening candidate supplier project consulting firm According to the expectations and needs of the enterprise, comprehensive analysis of the products that evaluate possible candidate software and hardware suppliers, and filter out a number of key candidates.
· Candidate system demonstrates the key candidate objects to make targeted system demonstrations to the company's management and related business units according to the specific needs of the enterprise.
· Systematic assessment and selection project consulting company makes detailed analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the key candidate object according to the results of the presentation, providing a reference view to the enterprise; the company combines the results of the presentation and the reference view of the consulting company, determine the initial selection, after the business After negotiation, I finally decided to select the system.
The main project management work in the project selection phase is the risk control of system selection, including: correctly assess system functions, reasonable matching system functions, and its own needs, comprehensive evaluation suppliers' product functions and prices, technical support capabilities, etc. And avoid the presence of bribery fraud in the system selection process.
3. Project Plan ???????????????? Project Planning Stage is the start-up phase of ERP project enters the system implementation, including: Determining detailed project implementation scope, defining submitted work Results, assessing the main risks in the implementation process, formulating time planning, cost and budget plans, human resources plans, etc.
· Determine the detailed project scope to conduct business surveys and demand interviews to understand the detailed requirements of the user, according to this development system definition memo, clarify the user's status quo, specific needs and system implementation.
· Define submitted work results Enterprise and Implementation Consulting Company discussion determination system implementation processes and implementation of work results, including related implementation documents and ultimate online systems.
· The main risk of assessment is risks the implementation system by implementing the consulting company's actual situation in which the company is active, and the corresponding measures are taken to prevent and control the expected main risks.
· The time plan for developing a project is planned to implement a detailed implementation schedule based on the overall plan of the system, based on the overall plan of the system, and the overall plan of the system implements the system.
· Develop costs and budget plans to combine specific system-cost and budget control programs based on the overall cost and budget plan of the project. · Develop people's arrangements in the implementation process, including specific implementation consultants, consultants and enterprises, key personnel involved in the implementation of users, need to make arrangements for their daily work to ensure pairs Implement the time input of the project.
4. The implementation phase of the project execution project is the longest phase of the process, and runs through the business simulation test, system development and confirmation and system conversion running operations throughout the ERP project. The success or failure of implementation is related to the quality of the project management. The main contents of project management in the project execution phase include:
· Implementation plan to carry out daily work according to the scheduled implementation plan, timely solve problems such as various human resources, departmental coordination, personnel communication, technical support in the implementation process.
· The control of time and cost is based on the time and cost of the implementation of the actual progress control project, and takes a measures to more than the time or cost plan in time with the plan.
· Implementing documents for comprehensive document recording and management of implementation processes, requiring a project implementation leadership committee and all related implementing persons on important documents.
· Project Progress Report Report on Project Progress Report Regularly informed the progress of the implementation of the project, and the work that has been carried out and the need to further resolve.
· The project case will regularly hold the project leadership, leadership of various business departments, and the project embodiments to implement consultants, and coordinate the various issues that have emerged during the implementation process.
· The minutes of the meeting wrote a meeting of meeting minutes on all item seminars and special seminars, and document documentation on the results of the decisions or discussions made by the meeting, and distributed to participants and related project implementors.
5. The core assessment and update project assessment and update phase is project monitoring, which is to use project management tools and techniques to measure and update project tasks. Project assessments and updates are also running through business simulation testing, system development and confirmation and system conversion operations of ERP projects. Project management tools and technologies commonly used in the project assessment and update phase:
· Stage sex assessment of the project implementation, whether the summary is implemented and achieved in planning, if deviation, the study needs to update the plan and resources, and implement the required update measures.
· The project milestone meeting held a project milestone meeting in the project implementation, and made a summary and assessment of the implementation progress and results of the previous stage, and mobilized the deployment of the next stage of work.
· The Quality Assurance System teaches and knows the implementation of the user personnel training and knowledge, and the various documents in the implementation process will establish a quality assurance system, ensuring that the company can achieve complete mastery of the system after implementation completion, and continuous improvement The goal.
6. The completion of the project completion project is the last stage of the entire implementation item. At this point, the work is close to the end, and the project implementation has been obtained. In this final stage, there is still important project management work to be carried out, don't fall light:
· Administrative acceptance combined with the project initially, the project implementation results were examined.
· The project summary reviews and summarizes the project implementation process and implementation results.
· Experience exchange exchange sharing experience and lessons in the implementation process.
· Formal operation and use of the formal handover system, by the company's computer sector for daily maintenance and technical support.
The whole process of wearing the above six project management stages is: the performance measurement and quality management of the project, as well as the management of project risks. The second half of this article will provide a specific introduction to the work of these two throughput management.
