Network management staff must have a router if you play a router, you know those very fun command abbreviations in the router. For example, "Sh Int" means "show interface". Now Windows 2000 has a similar interface tool called Netsh. We entered NetSh under the CMD shell of Windows 2000: Netsh> prompt, enter int ip, display: Interface IP>, enter Dump, we can see the current system network configuration: # ---------- ---------------------------- # Interface ip configuration # ----------------- ----------------- Pushd Interface IP # interface ip configuration for "local area connection" set address name = "local area connection" Source = static addr = 192.168.1.168 mask = 255.255 .255.0 add address name = "Local Area Connection" addr = 192.1.1.111 mask = 255.255.255.0 set address name = "Local Area Connection" gateway = 192.168.1.100 gwmetric = 1 set dns name = "Local Area Connection" source = static Addr = 202.96.209.5 SET WINS Name = "Local Area Connection" Source = static addr = none popd # End of Interface IP Configuration is an approach to an interactive manner. We can enter the command directly: "Netsh Interface IP Add Address" Local Area Connection "10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0" to add an IP address. If you don't know the grammar, don't be tight! At the prompt, enter? You can find the answer. Convenient and inconvenient? It turns out that Microsoft's things are there, there are so some people who love. Unfortunately, it is very few! Windows Network Command Board This section includes: Using IPConfig / All View Configuration Using IPConfig / Renew Refresh Configuration Using IPConfig Management DNS and DHCP Categories ID Using Ping Test Connection Using ARP Solving Hardware Address Questions Using NetBIOS Name Using NetStat Display Connection Statistics Using Tracert Tracking Network Connections Using Pathping Test Routers Use IPConfig / ALL to view configuration discovery and resolve TCP / IP network issues, check the TCP / IP configuration on the computer that appears. Host configuration information can be obtained using the ipconfig command, including IP addresses, subnet masks, and default gateways. Note For Windows 95 and Windows 98 clients, use the WiniPCFG command instead of the IPConfi g command.
When using the IPConfig command with / all option, a detailed configuration report for all interfaces, including any configured serial port. Using IPConfig / ALL, you can redirect the command output to a file and paste the output into other documents. You can also use this output to confirm the TCP / IP configuration of each computer on the network, or further investigate the TCP / IP network problem. For example, if the IP address of the computer configuration is repeated with the existing IP address, the subnet mask is displayed as 0.0.0.0. The following example is the ipconfig / all command output, which is configured to dynamically configure TCP / IP using the DHCP server and use the WINS and DNS server to resolve the name. Windows 2000 IP Configuration Node Type .......................: No Ethernet Adapter Local Area Connection: Host Name .... Corp1.microsoft.com DNS Servers............................: 00-60-08- 3E-46-07 DHCP enabled.................................: 255.255. 0.0 default Gateway.................................................... ...................................: Friday, September 18, 1998 10:32:13 AM If the TCP / IP configuration is no problem, The next test can be connected to other hosts on the TCP / IP network. Use the IPConfig / Renew Refresh Configuration to resolve the TCP / IP network problem, check the TCP / IP configuration on the computer that encounters a problem. If the computer enables DHCP and uses the DHCP server to get the configuration, use the ipconfig / renew command to start refreshing the Rent. When using IPConfig / Renew, all NICs on a computer (except those manual configuration adapters) are used to connect to DHCP servers, update existing configurations or get new configurations. You can also immediately release the current DHCP configuration of the host using the ipconfig command with the / Release option. For more information on the DHCP and rental processes, please refer to how the client gets the configuration. Note For Windows 95 and Windows 98 customers enabled by DHCP, use the Rel Ease and Renew options for the Winipcfg command, not the ipconfig / release and ipconfig / renew commands, manually release or update the customer's IP configuration lease.
Managing DNS and DHCP category IDs using IPCONFIG can also use ipconfig commands: display or reset DNS cache. For more information, see Use IPConfig to view or reset the customer resolution program. Refresh the registered DNS name. For more information, see Updating DNS Customer Registration with IPConfig. Displays the DHCP Category ID of the adapter. For more information, see Displaying the DHCP Category ID information on the client. Set the DHCP category ID of the adapter. For more information, see Setting the DHCP Category ID information on the client. Connection to the ping command using the PING test helps to verify the connectivity of the IP level. When discovering and resolving issues, you can send ICMP response requests to the target host name or IP address using ping. If you need to verify that the host can connect to the TCP / IP network and network resources, use ping. You can also use ping to isolate network hardware issues and incompatible configurations. Usually, it is best to verify that the route between the local computer and the network host exists with the ping command, and the IP address of the network host to which you want to connect. The IP address of the PING target host should be responded, as follows: ping ip_address When using ping: ping loopback address verifies whether TCP / IP is installed on the local computer and whether the configuration is correct. Ping 127.0.0.1 Ping Local Computer IP address verification is added correctly to the network. Ping ip_address_of_local_host ping The IP address of the default gateway verifies whether the default gateway is running and whether it can communicate with local hosts on the local network. Ping ip_address_of_default_gateway ping The IP address of the remote host can communicate via the router. The ping ip_address_of_remote_host ping command uses the name resolution of the Windows socket to resolve the computer name into an IP address, so if the address is successful, but the name ping failed, the problem is on the address or name resolution, not the network connectivity problem . For more information, see Using ARP to resolve hardware address issues. If you can successfully use Ping at any point, please confirm: Restart your computer after installing and configuring TCP / IP. "Internet Protocol (TCP / IP) Properties dialog box" General "IP address on the local computer on the General tab is valid and correct. Enable IP routing, and link between the router is available. You can use the different options of the ping command to specify the packet size to use, how many data packets are to be sent, whether to record the route used, the living time (TTL) value to use, and whether the "no segment" flag is set. Can I type ping -? View these options.
The following example shows how to send two ping to IP address 172.16.48.10, each is 1,450 bytes: C:> ping -n 2 -l 1450 172.16.48.10 pinging 172.16.48.10 With 1450 BYtes of data: reply from 172.16. 48.10: Bytes = 1450 TIME <10ms TTL = 32 reply from 172.16.48.10:bytes=1450 time <10ms TTL = 32 ping statistics for 157.59.8.1: Packets: SENT = 2, Received = 2, LOST = 0 (0% Loss Approximate Roundtrip Times In Milli-Seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 10ms, AVERAGE = 2ms By default, before the "request timeout" is displayed, the PING wait 1,000 milliseconds (1 second) time allows each response to return. If a long-term delayed link is passed through the remote system, such as a satellite link, the response may take longer to return. You can use the -w (wait) option to specify a longer time timeout. Using the ARP Solving Hardware Address Questions "Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)" Allows the host to find media access control addresses of hosts on the same physical network, if the latter's IP address is given. To make the ARP more efficient, each computer cache IP to the media access control address map eliminates the repeated ARP broadcast request. You can use the ARP command to view and modify the ARP entry on the local computer. The ARP command is useful for viewing ARP caches and resolving address resolution issues. For more information, see Viewing the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) cache and add a static ARP cache item. Solve NetBIOS names on TCP / IP to resolve NetBIOS names into IP addresses. TCP / IP provides a lot of options for NetBIOS name, including local cache search, WINS server query, broadcast, DNS server queries, and LMHOSTS and host file searches. NBTSTAT is a useful tool to solve the NetBIOS name resolution problem. You can use the nbtstat command to delete or correct preloaded items: NBTSTAT-N Displays the names that are registered locally locally locally on the system, or the program, or a redirector. NBTSTAT -C Displays the NetBIOS name cache, contains the name of the other computer to the address mapping. NBTSTAT -R Clears the name cache and then reload from the LMHOSTS file. NBTSTAT -RR releases the NetBIOS name registered on the WINS server and refreshes their registration. NBTSTAT -A Name executes the NetBIOS adapter status command to the computer specified by the Name. The adapter status command will return to the local NetBIOS name table of the computer, as well as the media access control address of the adapter.
