Windows Management Specification WMI
WMI overview
As part of the Windows 2000 operating system, WMI provides a scalable, scalable management architecture. Public Information Model (CIM) is an extensible, object-oriented architecture designed by the Distributed Management Task Standards Association (DMTF), For management systems, networks, applications, databases, and devices. The Windows management specification is also known as Cim for Windows, providing unified access to management information. With WMI, you can monitor, track and control system events related to software applications, hardware components, and networks, and use data from different sources with universal, standard and logically organized ways to make each other between management data. Relationships and associations without having to consider the type, content or source of these data.
Use WMI will also bring the following conveniences:
Unified programming API: All management objects define under a public object framework based on CIM-based object model. Script or application can use an API (WMI) access to a completely different source, these information may be Win32 API, Windows NT transaction log, registry, counter, device driver, SNMP, and active directories, etc.
Remote management: For applications and scripts, the management objects defined in WMI are available locally and remotely, especially if the management of remote objects do not require special work.
Discovery and navigation: Applications and scripts are available through enumerating the available classes that can be used. You can also detect relationships between associated objects and detailed research in which one is to affect other objects. of;
Query: WMI management data is like a relational database, you can filter and select data you interested as SQL query statements;
Powerful events publish and subscribe: You can request events for any changes to the management objects in the system, or those who are not supported by internal events. Event subscribers can notify specific events, which is better than accepting A series of events predefined during the original development process. This structure enables any user-defined actions to start in a given event.
WMI technology composition
WMI consists of the following parts:
Management architecture
This part includes the CIM object manager and the CIM object repository, mainly used to store mode definitions and provider binding information. Special, data is dynamically acquired from the provider command.
WMI provider
The WMI provider uses any management information of any management interface provided by the system, which is an intermediary between the operating system, service, application, or device driver and the CIMOM. With various COM interfaces, providers can provide data to WMI, process requests from system management applications, and generate event notifications. The provider also maps management information and interfaces to object classes defined and stored in the CIM repository.
WMI user
User components and applications Monitor WMI events via CIMOM allows you to perform actions when you receive it. User is a system management application (such as Microsoft Systems Management Server (SMS)) or a third-party application or script. Users only need to know that they intend to obtain the class of objects. The source of information and the actual way of acquiring information are irrelevant, they are hidden. Users can get information about computers, operating systems, applications, and devices, and get information obtained by other management protocols.
Common Information Model (CIM) Repository
"CIM Repository" is an object database that stores defined objects such as static class definitions and instances for accessing and operating system management information.
Public Information Model Object Manager (CommON Information Model Object Manager, CiMom)
The CIM repository is managed by CIMOM, which is the agent of the same object request. CiMOM tracks the available classes and determines which provider is responsible for
For examples of these classes. CiMOM and CIM repository are represented by a system service called WinMGMT that can be accessed via a set of COM interfaces.
WMI architecture
Figure 3 depicts the full Windows management specification WMI architecture, which also includes an example of the WMI user and provider. The top of Figure 3 is an example of some management applications (user users), except for use Outsiderats may also include browser-based web programs, Microsoft Management Console, or custom Win32 programs. The core of WMI architecture consists of a CIM object manager and a WMI provider of the Win32 environment. Acim object manager processing Data provided
Information communication between users of the data, such as the SMS management console or report program calls the WMI script API.cim object repository has a pattern of CIM, when the object manager is a request service for the application for the CIM object Use these modes.
Customized Win32 programs perform management requests by accessing the COM interface with the CIM object manager, while other applications will pass access methods,
These requests are processed by ODBC, ADSI interface, or Windows Device Management Specification script API (also called WBEM scripts).
The following section describes the management object and the provider associated therewith, such as a Windows registry, and registration information provider associated therewith. For local CIM object managers and remote communication uses DCOM (Distributed Components).
With the large number of specifications provided by WMI, almost all management applications can provide almost all management tasks, including Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft SQL Server, and Microsoft Internet Information.
Said here, in fact, you should understand that WMI is just a specification, and it is a management specification on Microsoft's Windows platform, so it is also known as Cim for Windows. WMI a big feature is for different management objects - source, no matter where it comes from, what types are, developers can access this information through a common structure. The type of these information may be hardware such as the CPU, or an operating system or database management system, or to develop application products developed.
