2. Microsoft Windows 2000 Platform
Windows 2000 family
Components and features of Windows 2000
Summary of this chapter
Microsoft officially launched a Windows 2000 job system platform in February 2000. Although Microsoft original Window NT4 supports SQL Sever 2000, Windows 2000 provides a more complete interface for SQL Sever2000, making SQL Sever 2000 more stable, simple, and secure job platforms. In fact, the entire SQL Sever 2000 is developed in the work environment of Windows 2000.
Windows 2000 Family Windows 2000 has launched four versions: Windows 2000 Professional, Windows 2000 Server, Windows 2000 Advanced Server, and Windows 2000 Datacenter Server. This chapter we will briefly introduce these four versions.
relevant information
You can find more information about Windows 2000 to Microsoft's website http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000.
Windows 2000 Professional
Windows 2000 Professional combines the advantages of Windows 98 and Windows NT4, providing a new job system with desktop and notebooks. It combines the powerful management of Windows 98, built inserted with plug and play identification, and has the stability and security of Windows NT 4. Windows 2000 enhances the computing function of the desktop and notebook, the price is reasonable.
Windows 2000 Server
Windows 2000 Server serves along the Windows NT 4 Server. Windows 2000 Server integrates many web access, application support, network, communications, and some infrastructure services, as well as architectural references to file and printing can be shared. Windows 2000 is particularly highly emphasized. Active Directory helps manage different and dispersion networks. This chapter will continue to discuss Active Directory.
Windows 2000 Advanced Server
Windows 2000 Advanced Server supports all features of the original Windows 2000 server, also supports applications with special functions, such as network load balancing, cluster, and strong support for symmetric multiprocessing.
Windows 2000 Datacenter Server
Windows 2000 Datacenter Server is a product with special professional uses in the Windows 2000 Server Series. It is to provide customers with customers with integration of hardware and software requirements. The Datacenter Server Cemetric Alliance is sold, which means that customers must purchase with hardware support. These manufacturers that provide supporting software must be authorized by Microsoft, and their supporting software must pass Microsoft strict test and certification, and the hardware and Datacenter Server are integrated after passing. Certification is not only for hardware to do a single certification, but a whole for Datacenter Server and its supporting software. The entire system is responsible for support by a new technical support team. The members of this group are consisting of engineers from Microsoft and hardware manufacturers, providing a single window of technical support. The name of this group is Microsoft Certified Support Center (MCSC), providing the following services of DataCenter Server: 99.9% of the system execution time optimization installation and setting service system performance assessment 24/7 technical support
To the service Datacenter Server supports 32 processors and 64 GB of physical memory, it is designed for companies that require high performance and ductility data. Datacenter Server can extend to a variety of applications, from simple data storage to complex engineering simulations can be supported. The table below Windows 2000 Series Comparison Table is the comparison table of Windows 2000 four versions:
Table 2-1 Windows 2000 Series Products
Windows 2000 PROFESSIONAL Windows 2000 Server Windows 2000 Advanced Windows 2000 DataCenter Server Function User Job System for Business Table or Notebook Computer Servo End System provides file management, printing machine management, corporate interior network and regional network Road service servo system support application and e-commerce servo system servo-end operation system for large business product line servo terminal systems, and task-oriented applications provide support for supportable CPU 24832 Supported memory capacity 4 GB4 GB8 GB64 GB Cluster No 2 Nodes Errors Transfer Cluster Network Load Balancing 32 Nodes 4 Nodes Errors Transfer Units Network Load Balancing 32 Node System Basic Demand 133-MHz, Pentium Compatible CPU; 64 MB RAM 1 GB Hard Disk Space 133-MHz, Pentium Compatible CPU; 256 MB RAM; 1 GB Hard Disc Space 133-MHz, Pentium Compatible CPU; 256 MB RAM; 1 GB Hard Disk Space 133-MHz, Pentium Compatible CPU ; 256 MB RAM; 1 GB Hard Disk Space
Windows 2000 components and functional stability WINDOW 2000 adds many new features to stabilize the system, the following is a comparison: Windows file protection: This feature can avoid accidentally delete, change, and change. When a new system file is installed, Windows will automatically recognize the source and version of the file. Driver Sign Certification: The Windows 2000 series drivers and processes are signed certificates with the system. The certified drivers can be determined that they belong to the original factory, not destroyed or modified. Microsoft Installer: This feature works along with Windows Installer Services to help users install, set the environment, track, update, and correctly remove the software. This feature provides a intuitive use interface, and the user can simply install or remove different application software. In addition to providing simple interfaces, Microsoft Installer can also repair damaged applications and see multiple components - such as login, archives, and external resources - monitor all components' modification. If the user accidentally deletes an important component within an application, Microsoft Installer automatically restores the file when the user is turned on next time. It is to be noted that this feature is limited to the deleted files that belong to Windows 2000 signs (Certified for Windows 2000), or you have installed this application software through Microsoft Installer. Core mode write protection: This feature seizes the core of the application and the job system, ensuring that the core program will not be subject to the Windows NT 4 system. Reduce the Reputplace Requirements: The old version of Windows will require reboot after you add or delete drivers or applications. Now in Windows 2000, you will find a lot of re-boot requirements - now it is almost no longer required to reboot after installing software. Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS) Application Protection: This feature is to avoid web servo program, to avoid application of web servers. However, this feature is the feature of Windows 2000 Server, Advanced Server, and Datacenter Server. Windows 2000 Professional is no such feature. Windows 2000 Identification Sign Scheme: Microsoft designed a set of Windows 2000 standard application identification flags. That is to say, this identification sign is available on the application you bought. This product is a standard that has passed Microsoft, and this product is applied to Windows 2000. The standard of product certification is developed by Microsoft and other non-Microsoft professionals. Safety The current computer usage environment has different needs. Windows 2000 provides custom security protection settings to ensure your computer and network security. The following is a variety of protection features: Windows NT Archive System (NTFS) Windows NT file system is the core of Windows 2000 security mechanism. NTFS provides groupual or single user archives system preservation. Windows NT Security Mode This feature allows only licensed users to access system resources. This mode can control which users can access objects (such as files and printers), or control the user's use permissions for the object. In addition, you can start actions and tracking, and whether these actions violate system security regulations.
Archives System Encryption (EFS) This feature allows you to encrypt files, but the disk must be NTFS format. The password is randomly generated, and all the steps of encrypting the decryption are very simple, and the user should know clearly. Support IPSec (IP Security, IP Security) Protects information transmitted on the Internet. This feature is an important feature that ensures a security of non-open virtual networks because it allows information to be safely transmitted on the Internet. Figure 2-1 is a dialog that sets IP security. Figure 2-1 "IP Security" dialogue
Support Kerberos features a single login for Windows 2000 to provide an industrial standard, high security identification. Kerbero is a standard protocol in the Internet. When you want to integrate Windows 2000 systems and other job systems (such as UNIX), the Kerbero assumption is very useful. Simple and simpleness is an important feature of Windows 2000. Windows 2000 job system adds many new features to simplify the operation process, otherwise it is difficult to operate with a large complex program in Windows 2000, and the following is a few functions that can simplify the operation process: If you use this function, you can simplify you in installation. The settings required when other hardware devices are required. More than 12,000 species have supported the plug-in specification. Support multi-language Windows 2000 provides users with complete language options. Point-to-point support Windows 2000 can be shared with the old version of Windows resource, such as shared files, listing machines, and other peripheral devices, which is to do point-to-point operations between the new old options. Personalized Menu WINDOWS 2000 greatly utilizes the start of the option. Your common application will appear in the start option, while other less useful applications do not instantly present. Troubleshooting these wizards and other elves you have seen before, it can help you set your system and optimize your system and help you find a problem. Windows Multimedia Preview This feature allows you to use Windows Explorer to take a quick illumination (Snapshot) before you actually open these multimedia files. More and Enhanced Wizard Features When you perform routine and challenging work on your system, these wits provide a step in step to remind you to perform the steps of each execution. The Windows Elf in Figure 2-2 is used to assist you from backing up and respond. Intellimirror Intellimirror enhances the user's access to information and software. This technology provides great convenience to mobile users, because no matter which point it is on the Internet, smart lens is allowed to "follow" them. For example, the application of Offline Folders is one of the benefits of Intellimirror. This type of data is allowed to operate on key files even if the user encounters the failure of the connection. It should be noted that the data clip must be on the server where Windows 2000 Server can perform this feature.
Figure 2-2 Backup and Restore Elf Windows 2000
Support Universal Sequence Bus (USB) Windows 2000 provides complete support for USB components. In other words, you can connect USB devices on your system without setting or reboot. The user interface of the user pattern interface (GUI) Windows 2000 is based on Windows 98. This interface allows users to operate complex systems through consistency with intuition. Figure 2-3 is the GUI of Windows 2000.
Figure 2-3 GUI of Windows 2000
Using a network printer with Windows 2000, any user can simply use the print resources through the Internet. When a printer is released (Published) to Active Directory, the user can search according to its location or function (color, speed, and style). It is seen in Figure 2-4 to a dialogue of the new printing machine wizard. Figure 2-4 "New Printing Machine Elf" dialogue
System Management and Deployment The Windows 2000 series provides many features that can enhance management and deployment. These features not only help the work system for the deployment of large organizations, but also have many helpful management and deployment. System preparation Tool This tool allows system managers to simply copy computers, system settings, and applications. Sysprep provides simple, fast, and efficient system deployments for Windows 2000. Setup Manager When the system administrator is designed with the installation script deployed by the test system, this graphics wake can guide the manager to complete the work in these processes. The remote installation of the homework system allows system managers to develop a standard desktop environment and quickly deploy by the Internet. Microsoft Management Console (MMC) MMC The main control station is mainly to make Microsoft or the system management tools provided by the manufacturer can present consistent work environments. Figure 2-5 is an example of an MMC management environment.
Figure 2-5 Microsoft Management Console Environment
Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) provides a standard architecture for the monitoring and management of system resources. In this way, the consistent manufacturer can develop consistent applications to monitor and control system. Group Principles Editor Group Principle Editor allows managers to define rules for users' computer environment. These principles cover security, user permissions, desktop settings, and applications. The views seen in Figure 2-6 are group principles editors.
Figure 2-6 Group Principle Edit Window
Internet Explorer Administration Kit (IEAK) IEAK allows system managers to quickly deploy specific versions of Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.01 across the platform. Managers can only install the components and applications they need. Microsoft Distributed File System (DFS) DFS allows system managers to establish a single, classic viewing table for multiple file servors on the Internet. DFS allows users to simply find services and resources. On the other hand, DFS across the dispersed servers maintain multiple file backups, and can also enhance the benefits of resource utilization. Disk quota system managers can make the amount of disk space available for each user with each disk area. Figure 2-7 is a quota table for local disk properties.
Figure 2-7 quota table screen for local disk properties
Classic Storage Management This feature automatically stores the recent less useful data to a relatively inexpensive storage medium. This allows those data and applications that are most often accessible to effectively utilize expensive, high-speed storage media. Dynamic Magnetic Area Management Windows 2000 Save Administrator allows managers to increase magnetic regions, extending magnetic regions, changing disks or repairing RAID 5 disk arrays - even if the server is still online processing service requirements, nor does it affect the use . Automatic rebooting services (eg, IIS) can be set to "Automatically reboot when the error event occurs", so that the time of system parking is reduced, and the trouble of management work can also be reduced. Kill Process Tree If the system administrator discovers a problematic application, he (she) can simply remove these processing and related process orders without resetting the system. Windows 2000 Sets Your Servo Elf When you set your server, this wizard provides a completed interface. Figure 2-8 is the picture of this wizard. Figure 2-8 Setting Your Server Wizard Window
Active Directory This component allows system managers to manage the client and server of the Window Job System Platform through the consistent interface. This chapter has more instructions later. Management Delegation System Manager can authorize administrative privileges to the user or group without setting them as system management. The remote management This terminal service component allows system managers to perform remote management work in two working phases on the server. Action Experience Windows 2000 Professional is designed in "Assisting Note Certical users" and "encouraging the use of notebooks". Although other members of the Windows 2000 series can also operate on notebooks, they are not like Windows 2000 Professional Provisioning Power Management and Offline. These features that combine these features in Windows 2000 Professional make it a leader in the mobile computer job system. Sleep mode This custom function allows your computer to automatically shut down after a certain time. When the system is turned off, you will store your memory into your hard drive and respond to all states when you wake up, and you will be exactly the same as you leave. Offline data clips and files can work as they are always working with the connection. This feature allows you to establish a mirroring for files stored on the Internet. Offline Browse You can download the entire web page (including graphical file), waiting for you to browse them when you have time, without maintaining the connection status. Synchronous management This feature allows you to compare your offline data clips and offline files when connecting to the server. Smart Power Management Windows 2000 Professional allows you to observe the battery's power status more accurately. You can simply set the power usage option to make your battery have the best use without sacrificing your computer. Figure 2-9 is a dialog box for power options. Hot Docking This feature allows you to connect your hardware setting or reboot from your hardware setting or replay when you connect your notebook to your dock or from the dock. Support Infrared Data Transmission (IRDA) This feature allows you to use standard infrared transfer protocols to share data between two Windows 2000 jobs platforms in secure, wireless way. Supporting the digital device Windows 2000 Professional Support Movable storage device, such as DVD and other peripherals that use to Device Bay.
Figure 2-9 "Power Management" dialogue
Performing Efficacy Operation System Efficacy is a key basis using the Windows 2000 platform. There has been a wide range of performance tests on the combination of SQL Server and Windows 2000 job systems. Windows 2000 contains several functions that allow us to see its performance performance: faster overall performance Windows 2000 enhances most of the performance performance of the system. Smaller and more efficient memory foots allows Windows 2000 to 25% compared to Windows NT 4. The faster multi-worker homework Windows 2000 is a pure 32-bit job system architecture. This architecture allows your computers to better apply and manage, so you can do more and more work at the same time. The memory and processor's delatable Windows 2000 job system family can support 64 GB of memory and 32 processors. Cluster Services In Windows 2000 Advanced Server and Datacenter Server, the cluster service can connect multiple job systems to enhance efficiency and efficiency. In the simplest version, the cluster service allows the two servors to be built into a cluster, and one automatic backup can be provided when an error occurs. The cluster service can also be set into a Scale-Out mode, allowing 32 servo to operate Windows 2000 Server to provide powerful computing power. Network Load Balancing Windows 2000 Advanced Server and Datacenter Server Support Network Load Balancing Functions (NLB). NLB can be distributed in the cluster of Windows 2000 servers, dynamically and average dispersion from network service requirements. Administrators can increase the system capacity as long as the NLB-Configured server is simply increasing. Figures 2-10 are architectural diagrams of NLB. In this example, four Windows 2000 Advanced Server is set to perform IIS5 and NLB virtual server groups. When the service from the Internet is transferred, they will be distributed onto the four servers to pursue optimal performance efficiency and utilization. Figure 2-10 Network Load Balancing Function Architecture Planning Example
Enhanced Active Server Pages (ASP) Effects Windows 2000 Server, Avanced Server has built-in IIS5 built by Datacenter Server to enhance the process of ASP processing. The ASP web page performed through the system has a considerable improvement, and the functionality of the fast path is also added to the ASP that does not need to process the instruction code. IIS CPU Perform Speed Adjustment To integrate network service applications, the managers can set the limited amount of CPU time consumption on the network service or application. This ensures that all applications that are executed simultaneously can obtain processor calculation time when necessary. Internet access network support is another key component of the Windows 2000 series. In order to pursue high-level integration and performance, Internet technology is designed as the core components of the operating system. Windows 2000 Internet features are as follows: Built-in Internet Explorer 5.01 Windows 2000 Series All versions have built the latest IE 5.01 browser. Internet Information Services 5.0 Windows 2000 Server, Advanced Server and DataCenter Server have built IIS 5.0. This integrated component allows users to make simple set up and manage web platforms. IIS 5.0 includes an Internet Information Service administrator that can set with one or more web stations in the working environment of the graphical interface. Figure 2-11 is the use of the IIS administrator.
Figure 2-11 IIS administrator used interface
The powerful development platform IE supports most of the programming, including Dynamic HTML, ASP, Java, and XML. The automatic agent IE 5.01 can automatically find the proxy server and complete the setting. Automatically complete the browser to remember the website you visited before, and automatically complete the entire URL when you just hit a few words. The web data clip is also known as the Web Document Authoring and Versioning, WebDAV, which allows web designers to simply use "drag and drop" to issue a web page on IIS 5.0. Support Internet Line Print Windows 2000 allows system managers to share printed resources through internet access, so users can print files via URL. Active Directory Active Directory is a new feature of the Windows 2000 server and is also a core component of information and resource management on Windows 2000 Internet. This part provides an overview of Active Directory technology. Active Directory's Architecture Active Directory can be used to store information on all entities on the Internet, such as applications, files, printers, and personnel. Regardless of the entities on these Internets, Active Directory provides a consistent way to describe them. You can imagine Active Directory into a primary selection panel. Active Directory is a central collector system that manages its association on these four dispersed resources. Active Directory contains management tools and security tools to maintain privacy and integrity of the network. Active Directory is a management tool is also a user tool. When accessing different and wide-spread resources on the Internet, Active Directory can provide a consistent interaction of users. Users no longer need to worry about how to determine the name and location of the network resource. In Active Directory, resources are published to have access to users who can use these resources. This release is done through new / removal programs or newly removed printer wizards. Active Directory allows system administrators to consistenate components and control units on network resources. Active Directory simplifies the management issues of "How to describe large, different networks", strengthen the security of the entire system, and extend communication between different soft hardware on the Internet. Active Directory provides a single management center with user accounts, client systems, server systems, and applications that use window platforms as the operating system. It also provides assistance to integration and organization of non-vision systems. Active Directory allows organizations to extend system to internet access in a secure method. Active Directory is basically a tree-class structure, just as seen in Figure 2-2. The object can be a user, group, system, device, application, or other network entity. The collection of these objects can be a total of a organization (such as the company's department) or the associated object (such as the online print resource). Active Directory can also manage relationships between these objects and collections. The system manager is a comprehensive overall, not to see the resource in one place, and the relationship between it is still in another place. Figure 2-12 Structure of ACTIVE DIRECTORY
The objects in the Active Directory structure have their properties, which describes the characteristics of the image of the object. Information that may be changed is usually hidden unless you need to know them, otherwise, information that may be changed is usually hidden to maintain properties. When you add an attribute description to the object, you can set the permissions for each attribute access. In addition, the object can also be set to allow a state in which all-to-range access is allowed. In order to maintain the performance, efficiency and elasticity, Active Directory uses multiple major server replication. Managers can copy the entire directory and place them anywhere on the Internet. When a copy on the Internet changes, these changes will automatically overwrite all the copies on the Internet. Why make Active Directory we have learned that Active Directory can simplify management, consolidate system security, and make it easier to communicate between different software, then let's take a look at these advantages: Simplified Management Today's Internet is often Disperse in a wide range of regions, and management of these differences and accessories have also become a job in the 旷 旷. In addition, when these networks become broader, management functions are often copied in different locations, thus causing excessive and coordinated issues. Active Directory provides a single control point for the management of different resources on the network. Active Directory also helps the application and other software deployments. In the past, technicians must personally visit each user workstation, even if they need to use a small part of the program. This process is both slow and wasteful. Later, new tools allow the application to be deployed from the central server, but this technology has not been integrated with the overall management of the Internet. Today, Active Directory allows system managers to deploy software in existing security and management architectures. It is really alleviated by system departments and management work. Active Directory also allows managers to authorize some management functions to a suitable user or organization. This license program is safe and also allows some advanced users to provide their IT technology in the department, so that IT staff should take other responsibilities. Consolidating security security services is a critical component in Active Directory. Active Directory performs the user's authentication and management set in a role basis. Active Directory gives the user or organizes a "role value" of the preset (but not yet edited) security permissions. Managers can choose to strictly control users and resources, or open them at the appropriate timing. This security model of Active Directory supports some security communication agreements, such as Kerberos Communication Agreements, X.509 certification, and smart card technology. Regardless of the user from the area network or the remote connection of the dial, the security mode can provide a consistent safety control. Extended communication interface When the network is growing, the network resources and technologies of different collections have also developed. These technologies must work together in development and deployment to achieve maximum cost-effectiveness. Most online environments include E-mail, applications, network devices, internet / enterprise network firewalls, and e-commerce applications. Active Directory provides standard interfaces for integrating applications, and settings for open synchronization devices, which can indeed locate differences between different objects, and the components of the guarantee window can be dynamically in various non-video operation system devices. Establish communication between the application. This chapter summarizes this chapter simple introduction to the Windows 2000 operating system family.
