Installing things under Linux (CU netizen original)

1. Install the source code package Gzip -d apache_1.3.20.tar.gz (decompressed) TAR XVF APACHE_1.3.20.TAR (Unpack) CD Apache_1.3.20 ./configure (configured) ----./configure - Help Make Install Note: Typical source package can be installed like this, but not all like this, if webmin is going to execute ./setup.sh enters Interactive Configuration Installation Uninstalling Uninstall Program If you don't clearly see an example of the README file 2, the RPM package to install the RPM package: foo-1.0-1.i386.rpm includes the name of the package ( Foo), version number (1.0), issue number (1), and hardware platform (i386). (1) Install # rpm -ivh foo-1.0-1.i386.rpm foo ############### A. Package has been installed # rpm -IVH foo-1.0-1.i386.rpm foo package foo-1.0-1 is already installed error: foo-1.0-1.i386.rpm cannot be installed If you still have to install the package, you can be on the command line This will ignore this error message using the - ReplacePkgs option. B. File Conflict If there is a file to be installed if you want to install other packages installed, the following error message will appear: # rpm -ivh foo-1.0-1.i386.rpm foo / usr / bin / foo conflicts With file from bar-1.0-1 error: foo-1.0-1.i386.rpm cannot be installed To allow rpm to ignore this error message, use -ReplaceFiles command line option C. Unresolved RPM package may depend on In other packages, the package can be installed after installing a specific package. # rpm -ivh bar-1.0-1.i386.rpm failed Dependencies: foo is needed by bar-1.0-1 You must install the depends on the package to solve this problem. If you want to force installation (however, this installed package does not necessarily function properly), please use the -NodePs command line option. (2) Uninstall # rpm -e foo Note: Use the package of the package "Foo-1.0-1.i386.rpm," foo-1.0-1.i386.rpm "here," Foo-1.0-1.i386.rpm ", if other packages depends on the package you want to uninstalled , Error messages are generated when uninstalling. Such as: # rpm -e foo removing the packages: foo is needed by bar-1.0-1 To ignore the error message Continue to uninstall (however, the program depends on the package may not be able to run), please use -Nodeps command line option.

(3) Upgrade # rpm -uvh foo-2.0-1.i386.rpm foo ######################### When using the old version of the software package to upgrade the new version of the software, the following error message produces: # rpm -uvh foo-1.0-1.i386.rpm foo package foo-2.0-1 (Which is newer) is Already Installed Error: Foo-1.0-1.i386.rpm cannot be installed To enable RPM to insist on "Upgrade", you can use the --oldpackage command line parameters. (4) Query # rpm -q foo-2.0-1 package Specify options: -a query all installed packages. -F P containing file Query Package File Name Package Information Selection Options for : -i Displays package information, such as description, issuing number, size, build date, installation date, platform, and other types of information. -l Displays a list of files in the package. -s Displays the status of all files in the package. -d Displays a list of files labeled as documents (MAN Handbook, Info Manual, ReadMe's, etc). -c Displays a list of files labeled as profiles. These are files that are customized after installation (Sendmail.cf, Passwd, InitTab, ETC). For files to display file lists, you can add the -v command line option to get the output as the LS -L format. (5) Verification Verification package is performed by comparing the files in the package and the original file information in the package. In addition to some other things, the verification is mainly comparable to the size, MD5 check code, file privileges, type, home owners, and user groups. RPM -V commands to verify a package, such as rpm -v foo verify packages containing specific files: rpm -vf / bin / vi verifies all installed packages: rpm -va verifies a software according to an RPM Package: rpm -vp foo-1.0-1.i386.rpm If you are worried that the RPM database has been destroyed, you can use this way. If all checks will not generate any outputs. If there is inconsistent place, it will be displayed. The output format is an 8-bit long string, c is used to refer to a configuration file, followed by a file name. Each of the 8-bit character is used to represent a comparison result of an attribute in the file and the RPM database. "." (Point) indicates the test. The following characters indicate a failure of a test: 5 MD5 check code s file size L Symbol connection T file modification date D Device U User G User Group M Mode E (including permissions and file type) If there is information output, it should be considered seriously considered It is deleted, reinstall, or fix the problem. (6) Several examples of RPM applications A. If you accidentally delete some files, but can't definitely delete which files. If you want to verify what files are lost throughout the system, you can type: rpm -va B. If some files are missing or being damaged, you can reinstall or uninstall the package. If you encounter a file you don't know, if you want to investigate which package it belongs to, you can enter the following command: rpm -qf / usr / x11r6 / bin / xjewel output result is: xjewel-1.6-1 C. If There are two examples of integrated or more, such as text / usr / bin / paste. You want to verify the package that has the file, you can do not know the name of the package, then you can type: rpm -vf / usr / bin / paste, which is verified.