Database System Engineer Exam Outline (2004 New Edition)
I. Examination
1. Exam requirements (1) Master the computer architecture and the performance and basic working principle of the major components; (2) Master the basic knowledge of operating systems, programming languages, understand the basic knowledge of compilers; (3) Skilled common data Structure and common algorithm; (4) Familiar with basic knowledge of software engineering and software development project management; (5) Be familiar with the principle and technology of computer network; (6) Master database principles and basic theories; (7) Master common large database management System application technology; (8) Master the design method and development process of database application system; (9) Familiar with the management and maintenance method of the database system, understand the relevant security technology; (10) Understand database development trend and new technology; (11) ) Master common information technology standards, safety, and basic knowledge about laws, regulations; (12) understanding the basics of information, computer applications; (13) Correct reading and understanding English materials in the computer.
2. Can participate in the application of information system planning, design, construction, operation and management, can design, establish, run, maintain high-quality database and data warehouse according to user needs, design, establish, run, maintain high-quality database and data warehouse; as data administrator management information The data resources in the system are established and maintained as a database administrator; serving the technical support related to the database system, with a certain network structure design and networking capabilities; the actual work ability and business level of the engineer can guide computer technology. Work with the software professional assistant engineer (or technician).
3. The subjects of this exam include (1) information system knowledge, test time is 150 minutes, written test; (2) database system design and management, test time is 150 minutes, written test.
Second, the scope of examination
Exam Subject 1: Information System Knowledge 1. Computer System Knowledge
1.1 Hardware knowledge
1.1.1
The basic working principle of computer architecture and main components · CPU and memory composition, performance, basic working principle · Common I / O device, communication device performance, and basic working principle · I / O interface function, type and characteristics CISC / RISC, pipeline operation, multi-process machine, parallel processing
1.1.2
Storage system · Virtual memory basic working principle, multi-stage storage system · RAID type and characteristics 1.1.3 Security, reliability and system performance evaluation basics · Diagnostics and fault tolerant · System reliability analysis · Computer system performance evaluation method
1.2 Data Structure and Algorithm
1.2.1
Common data structure · Array (static array, dynamic array) · Linear table, linked list (one-way linked list, two-way linked list, cyclic list) · Stack and queue · tree (binary tree, find tree, balance tree, travers, heap), , Definition, storage, and operation · HASH (storage location calculation, collision processing)
1.2.2
Common algorithm · Sort algorithm, find algorithm, numerical calculation, string processing, data compression algorithm, recursive algorithm, diagram related algorithm, algorithm and data structure, algorithm efficiency, algorithm design, algorithm description (flow chart, pseudo code, Decision table), the complexity of algorithm
1.3 software knowledge
1.3.1
Operating system knowledge · Type, feature, status, kernel (interrupt control), process, thread concept, processor management (status conversion, synchronization, dead lock) · Storage management (Main memory protection, dynamic connection assignment, segmentation, paging, false memory) · Device Management (I / O Control, Spirit, Disk Scheduling) · File Management (Structure and Organization, Access Method, Access control, recovery processing, sharing, and security) · Job Management (Job Scheduling, Job Control Language (JCL), Multi-Digital Processing, Multimedia Processing, Man Up, Network Operating System and Embedded Operating System Foundation Knowledge · Configuration of the operating system
1.3.2
Program design language and language handler knowledge, assembly, compile, interpretation system's basics and basic working principle · Basic components of programming language: data, operation, control and transmission, program call implementation mechanism · All kinds of programming languages Main features and applications
1.4 Computer Network Knowledge · Network Architecture (Network Topology, OSI / RM, Basic Network Protocol) · Transmission Media, Transmission Technology, Transmission Method, Transmission Control · Common Network Equipment and Various Channels · Client / Server Structure, Browser / Server structure, Browser / Web / DateBase structure · LAN topology, access control, LAN network, LAN-WAN connection, Internet basics and applications · Network software · Network management · Network performance analysis · Law, regulations
2. Database technology
2.1 Database Technology Foundation
2.1.1
Database model · Database system level (conceptual mode, external mode, internal mode), two-level image (conceptual mode / external mode, external mode / internal mode) · Database model: Data model composition feature, concept data model ER Figure (entity, attribute, relationship), logical data model (relational model, layer S), network model)
2.1.2
The function and feature of the database management system · Main function (database definition, database operation, database control, transaction management, user view) · Features (ensure data independence, data inventory, simultaneous implementation process, row control, fault recovery, security Sex, integrity) · RDB (relational database), OODB (object-oriented database), ORDB (object relational database), NDB (mesh database) · Several common web database features
2.1.3
Database System Architecture · Centralized Database System · Client / Server Database System · Parallel Database System · Distributed Database System · Object Relational Database System
2.2 Data operation
2.2.1
Relationship operation · Relationship algebraic operation (and, pay, poor, Cartesi, selection, projection, connection, division) · 元 组 演 演 · integrity constraint
2.2.2
Relationship Database Standard Language (SQL) · SQL Features • Data Definitions (Table, View, Index, Constraints) · Data Operation with SQL (Data Retrieval, Data Insert / Remove / Update, Trigger Control) · Security Sexual and licensed API in the program, embedded SQL
2.3 Control Functions of Database · Database Transaction Management (ACID Properties) · Database Backup and Recovery Technology (Undo, REDO) · Concurrent Control 2.4 Database Design Basic Theory
2.4.1
Relationship database design · Function dependent · Standardization (first paradigm, second paradigm, third paradigm, BC paradigm, fourth paradigm, fifth paradigm) · Mode decomposition and decomposition should follow the principle
2.4.2
Object Relational Database Design, Nested Relationship, Complex Type, Inheritance and Reference Type · Function and Process in Query and Procedures related to complex types · SQL
2.5 Data Mining and Data Warehouse Basics · Data Mining Applications and Classification · Association Rules, Clustering · Data Warehouse Composition · Data Warehouse
2.6 Multimedia Basic Knowledge
2.6.1
Multimedia Technology Basic Concept · Multimedia System Basics · Common Multimedia File Format
2.6.2
Multimedia Compression Coding Technology · Multimedia Compression Coding Technology · Statistics Coding · Forecast Code · Coding International Standard
2.6.3
Multimedia Technology Application · Simple Graphics Draw, Image File Processing Method · Application of Audio and Video Information · Multimedia App Development Process
2.7 System Performance Knowledge · Performance Calculation (Response Time, Throughput, Time Time) · Performance Index and Performance Design · Performance Test and Performance Evaluation
2.8 Computer Application Basics · Information Management, Data Processing, Assocation Design, Scientific Calculation, Artificial Intelligence, etc. Basic knowledge · Remote communication service and related communication protocol
3. System development and operation maintenance knowledge
3.1 Software Engineering, Software Process Improvement and Software Development Project Management Knowledge · Software Engineering Knowledge · Software Development Life Cycle Stage Goals and Tasks · Software Development Project Basics (Time Management, Cost Management, Quality Management, Human Resources Management, Risk Management, etc.) And its common management tools · Main software development methods (life cycle, prototyping, object-oriented method, Case) · Software development tools and environmental knowledge · Software quality management basics · Software process improvement basics · Software development process assessment, Basic knowledge of software capability maturity assessment
3.2 System Analysis Basic Knowledge · System Analysis Purpose and Tasks · Structured Analysis Method (Data Flow Drawings (DFD) and Data Dictionary (DD), Entity Diagram (ERD), Description Processing Structured Language) · Unified Modeling Language (UML) · System Specifications
3.3 System Design Knowledge · The purpose and task of system design, structural design methods and tools (system flow chart, HIPO diagram, control flow chart) · System overall structural design (overall layout, design principle, module structure design, data access design , System configuration scheme) · System detailed design (code design, database design, user interface design, processing process design) · System design manual
3.4 System Implementation Knowledge · The main task of system implementation · Structured program design, object-oriented programming, visualization programming, programming language selection, program design style, system test, type, system test method (black box test, White box test, gray box test) · Test design and management (error curve, error exclusion, convergence, injection failure, test trial design, system test report) · System conversion basics
3.5 System Operation and Maintenance Knowledge · System Operation Management Knowledge · System Maintenance Knowledge · System Evaluation Knowledge
4. Safety knowledge · Safety basic concept (network security, operating system security, database security) · Computer virus prevention, prevention, disaster recovery, access control, anti-intrusion, safety management measures, encryption and decryption mechanism · Risk analysis, risk type, anti-risk measures and internal control
5. Standardized knowledge, standardized awareness, standardization development, standard introduction process · International standards, national standards, industry standards, corporate standard basic knowledge · Code standards, file format standards, safety standard software development specifications and document standards · Standardization agencies 6. Informatization Basic Knowledge · Information Consciousness · Global Informatization Trend, National Information Strategy, Enterprise Information Strategy and Strategy · Law, Regulations, Distance Education, E-Commerce, E-Government, etc. · Enterprise Information Resource Management Basic Knowledge
7. Computer Professional English · Mastering Computer Technology Basic Words · Correctly Reading and Understanding English Information in Computer
Exam subject 2: Database system design and management
1. Database Design 1.1 Understanding System Demand Instructions • Understanding User Demand, Determining System Range • Determining Various Relationships of Application System Database · Relationship between Existing Environment and New System Environment · Data Items, Data Dictionary, Data Streams in New Systems
1.2 Preparation for system development · Select development method, prepare development environment, develop plan
1.3 Design System Features · Select system organization to design function and interface, design security strategy, demand and implementation method, develop detailed workflow and data stream
1.4 database design
1.4.1
Design Data Model · Concept Structure Design (Design ER Model) · Logical Structure Design (Data Model Converted into DBMS) · Review Design
1.4.2
Physical Structure Design · Design Method and Content · Selection of Access Method · Review Design and Performance Prediction
1.4.3
Database Implementation and Maintenance · Data Loading and Application Debugging · Database Terminal · Database Run and Maintenance
1.4.4
Database protection · Database's backup and recovery · Database security · Database integrity · database concurrency control
1.5 Write an external design document · Writing system manual (system configuration diagram, each subsystem relationship diagram, system flow chart, system function description, input output specification, data specifications, user manual framework) · Design system test requirements
1.6 design review
2. Database application system design
2.1 Designing Database Application System Structure • Information System Architecture (such as Client / Server) and DBMS · Multiuser Database Environment (file server architecture, Client / Server architecture) · Large-scale database and parallel computer architecture (SMP, MPP) · Middleware role and related tools · Decompose the component, determine the interface function specifications, and the interface between components
2.2 Design Input Output · Screen Interface Design, Design Input Output Check Method and Check Information • Database Interaction and Connection (Master C Programming Language, and Java, Visual Basic, Visual C , Powerbuilder, Delphi in any development tool and database mutual Method (how to communicate with database server)))
2.3 Designing Physical Data • Analysis of the frequency and performance requirements running on the database, determine the logical data organization, storage media, design index structure, and processing method • Transform the logical data structure into physical data structure, calculate capacity (space cost), Determine access method (time efficiency), system configuration (maintenance cost) and optimize
2.4 Design Safety System · Clear Safety Level · Database Login Method · Database Access · License (Object License, Command License, License Method)
2.5 Application Development
2.5.1
Application Development · Select Application Development Platform • System Implementation Order · Frame Development · Basic Group Program Development · Source Code Control · Version Control
2.5.2
Module division (principle, method, standard)
2.5.3
Write programming document · Module Specification (function and interface description, program processing logic description, description of input and output data format) · Test requirements (test type and target, test case, test method) 2.5.4
Program design review
2.6 Writing an application system design document, system configuration instructions, components interface, component processing description, screen design document, report design document, program design document, file design document, database design document
2.7 Design Review
3. Database application implementation
3.1 Configuration and Management of the entire system
3.2 Applications (SQL Server, Oracle, Sybase, DB2, Access, Oracle, Sybase, DB2, Access, or Visual FoxPro) • Create a database · Create a table, create an index, create a view, create a constraint, create UDDT (user custom type) · Create and manage Trigger · Establish a security system
3.3 Database Application System Installation · Develop System Installation Plan (Considering Findex, Customer Relationship, Employee Relationship, Logistics Relationship and Risk) · Develop Human Resources Use Program (rationality of Organization Arrangement) · Direct Installation (Install new system and make The system quickly enters the operational status) · Parallel installation (new and old system parallel running for a period of time) · Phase installation (through a series of steps and stages to make new systems into each part of each part)
3.4 Database Application System Testing · Data Load Target, Plan, Method and Steps · Data Loading, Prepare Test Data · Guide App Programmer Module Test for Acceptance · Prepare System Integration Test Environment Test Tool · Write Database Run Test Report
3.5 Training and User Support
4. Database system operation and management
4.1 Operation Plan of Database System • Options for Running Strates • Determine Database System Alarm Objects and Alarm Methods · Database System Management Program (Execution, Fault / Recovery, Security, Integrity, User Training and Maintenance)
4.2 Running and Maintenance of Database Systems · Conversion of New and Old Systems · Collection and Analysis Alarm Data (Executive Alarm, Fault Alarm, Security Alarm) · Continuous and Stable Operation · Database Maintenance (Database Reconstruction, Security View Evaluation and Verification, Document Maintenance · The operation statistics of the database system (collecting, analyzing, proposing improvement) · Recommendations for the improvement of standards and standard improvement, the audit of database systems
4.3 Database Management · Data Dictionary and Data Warehouse Management · Data Integrity Maintenance and Management (Entity Integrity, Reference Integrity) · Database Physical Structure Management (Guaranteed Data Not Postpone Visits) · Database Space and Debris Management · Backup and Recovery (Order, Log (Audit), Checkpoints · Deadlock Management (Centralized, Distributed) · Concurrent Control (serial, lock mechanism, timestamp, optimization) · Data security management (encryption, security, Access control, view, validity confirmation rule) · Database Administrator (DBA) duties
4.4 Performance Adjustment · SQL Statement Code Test · Measurement of Table Design · Improvement of Index · Improvement of Physical Allocation · Equipment Enhancement · Database Performance Optimization
4.5 User Support · User Training · After-sales Service
5. SQL
5.1 Database Language · Based on Database Language · Database Language Ways (Interactive and Embedded)
5.2 SQL Overview · The Features of SQL Statements · Basic Components of SQL Statements
5.3 Database Definition · Creating a Create DateBase, Creating a Table (Create Table) · Defines the Data Integrity · Modifying Table (ALTER TABLE), Delete Table (DRETE INDEX), Delete Index (Drop Index) • Create View, Delete View (DROP View), Update View 5.4 Data Operation · Basic Organization of SELECT Statement · Simple Query · SQL Selection, Projection · String Comparison, Comparison of Null Values · Date Time, Boolean value, output sorting · Multi-table query · Avoid the connection in property ambiguity, SQL, and, patch variables in the difference · SQL · subqueries
5.5 Integrity Control and Security Mechanism · Primary Key Constraints · Foreign Key Constraints • NULL, CHECK, CREATE DOMAIN · CRETE Assertions · Permissions, Authorization (GRANT) REVOKE
5.6 Creating a trigger (CREATE TRIGGER)
5.7 SQL Usage · Interactive SQL · Embedded SQL · SQL and Host Language Interface (Declare, Shared Variables, Cursors, Volume Signs) · Dynamic SQL · API
5.8 SQL standardization
6. Databases in a network environment
6.1 Distributed Database
6.1.1
Concept of distributed database · Characteristics and target of distributed database
6.1.2
Architecture of distributed databases · Mode structure of distributed databases · Data distribution strategy (data fragmentation, distribution transparency) · Distributed database management system
6.1.3
Distributed query processing and optimization
6.1.4
Distributed Transaction Management · Distributed Database Recovery (Fault, Recovery, 2 Submit, 3 Submitted) · Transparency of Distributed Databases (local, split, copy, processing, concurrent, execution)
6.1.5
Distributed database system application
6.2 Design and Implementation of Database System in Network Environment · Distribution Design of Data · Load Balancing Design · Database Interconnect Technology
6.3 DBMS Technology for Web · Three-layer architecture · Dynamic Web Page · ASP, JSP, XML Application
7. Database security
7.1 Understanding of safety strategies • Database view security policy · Data security level (most important, important, pay, choose)
7.2 Database Safety Measurement · User Access Control (using password, etc.) • Program Access Control (including SQL command restrictions in the program) · Table access control (view mechanism) • Control access function and operation · Encryption of external storage data Decrypt
8. Database development trends and new technologies
8.1 Object-Oriented Database (ODBMS)
8.1.1
Characteristics of OODBMS
8.1.2
Object-oriented data model, object structure, object class, inheritance, multiple inheritance, object identity, object included, object nested
8.1.3
Object-oriented database language
8.1.4
Object Relational Database System (OrDBMS) · Nested Relationship · Complex Type · Inheritance, Reference Type · Comprehensive Type Related Query · Function and Procedure · Object-Oriented and Object Relations · Ordbms Application
8.2 Enterprise Resources Program (ERP) and Database
8.2.1
ERP Overview · Basic MRP (Manufacturing Resource Program), closed-loop MRP, ERP · Basic Principle, Development Trend · Overall Thoughts of ERP Design (a center, two types of business, three trunk lines) 8.2.2
ERP and Database • Running Database and ERP Data Model • Running between Database and ERP Database
8.2.3
case study
8.3 Establishment of Decision Support System · Concept of Decision Support System · Data Warehouse Design · Data Transfer Technology · Online Analysis Processing (OLAP) Technology · Enterprise Decision Support Solutions · Online Transaction (OLTP)
