Way to the WEB Standard Road

xiaoxiao2021-03-06  63

Author: Acha 2004-6-25 10:09:27

Translator: Abie original:

A Roadmap to Standards

Author preface

This afternoon, one of my friends asked me: What suggestions have been made to a old web designer who wants to understand the web standard.

I want to post my email reply to let more people see it will be a good example. My reply is: This has a comprehensive, informal, some Luo Wei guidelines, gave all I have heard of Web standards, I hope to use the web standard but I don't know where to start the designer.

text

Don't start with you first! Do 2 psychological preparations before doing anything, this is the most important thing for your learning process:

Learning requires time, step by step; the procedure will be encountered during the process.

But you are not lonely, many of us are invested in learning and using web standards. There is a constantly expanding group to help you learn more easily. The veterans encounters many difficulties in learning technology and skills, and the lucky later people (including myself) will benefit from their sweat with tears.

When you are finally, you can skilled the WEB-based design-based design method (so that those traditional table-based methods are shining), look back, you will be surprised to use the CSS layout page is not so difficult. Oh, of course, if the mainstream browser can support some of the operations in the CSS2 specification, it may be easier when used.

Well, I seem to have a bit of a job.

So, let us start understanding the actual useful information. First, go to buy a "Designing With Web Standards" (Note 1), don't think too much, do it right away. Have it already? Ok, let's read it now, don't let it get dust. Every point I want to say is in detail in the book. The book is divided into two parts, the declaration (why do you do it) and tutorial (how do you do). This is useful for you.

Now, the first thing is to establish an XHTML ideological system concept, whether you choose HTML4.01 or XHTML 1.0 Strict (there are many reasons to choose any of them, now you can ignore these, you can't ignore it, unless you are ready Do bad things that make people numb.), All documents begins with a Doctype. Tell the browser What tag language is used in your document, doing prevent unnecessary performance errors, otherwise the bad page display result will make you crazy. For a few steps: I want to fly to Chicago, I must tell the travel agency where I have to go, otherwise there may be no purpose to go to Vienna. To display HTML or XHTML, you must first tell the browser, setupype to make sure I reach "destination".

Next goal: Strict format logo. This is very easy to master. Plus all attributes (for example: ); correct nested identity; close all open identities (for example: ). Each identification or element needs to be turned off.

Quick Note: I don't know when, the logo (tags) becomes an element (Elements), which are the same meaning, different statements. No matter what you call them, the right name is now "element", maybe this is like this, I don't know if I have told me.

In any case, each element must be closed correctly. If you use HTML4.01, you can do not consider the individual element icons
,


and , if you use XHTML, the individual elements must be closed, which is finally added a slash, for example:

. Next, it is a bit confusing, rule about the XHTML attribute: all attributes must have a value, if there is no value, use itself. For example . In HTML4.01, check is no need to value, and it is necessary in XHTML.

Finally, XHTML needs you to write all the code with your lowercase, HTML is not case sensitive, but XHTML distinguishes, it follows the XML syntax rules.

The above is all changes in the identification! You already know! Check deep breath, drink beer, relax. Because it is just the first step.

Second section

Now, we start learning the correct HTML / XHTMLL and verify them in the Validator's Validator. If you write correct, you will see a successful information of a blue bottom yellow word. Try like this color / font combination, it will be your best friend.

Why is the verification? What is the relationship? Because Poorly-Written (casual, unscrupulous) identity will bring complete unpredictability. The page "Life and Death" is completely dependent on the browser's error handling method, although most browsers can support the poorly-write identity, but this is incorrect habit. Hi, what is the non-standard? The primary reasons are browser wars. In 1995, Microsoft can compete from Netscape to obtain a market because IE is the same as Netscape's processing.

Another point is: Verify the code to help you find the wrong code, make sure your page has a more consistent manifestation. The calibration code is the first thing I debug layout, I believe you too.

OK, when you first check your first site, you are likely to endure the 150th incredible error message that feedback back. Unfortunately, although the verification helps information, it is not perfect, it is only maintained by some volunteers. Good news is that the error is associated, if you find less a tab and fix it, it is likely that the next 24 errors are not. In short, it seems that the verification results are very bad, but it is often not.

Now, you have passed the check, your code is also in line with the norm. At this point, you insist on a strict guideline, but why should you first do this still understand a comprehensive understanding.

Third quarter

The next step is to use a good format (Well-Formed) to refactor the document you have established, stripped those with more and more new DOCTYPEs as "disapproval", using the properties of the performance layer used, put them in a separate In the file. This is the controversial "performance and structural phase separation", which is why CSS is attached to people.

This way, your text is content. The content is complete, but there is no tips for any content structure (such as space, section, title, list, etc.), you get just a messy text, it is not easy to use. The structural layer is additional, plus individual elements in the document to convey additional structural information, to break the messy text, make it more logical, organized. However, those elements do not control the default appearance of the text. For example, you often find that the title of the first page is larger than the original font, which is not a structure.

It was the "performance layer". The performance is a formatted tip, which tells the first page of the title is red, the slope, the font size is 150% of the original font. The performance layer is an additional layer of the document structure layer. CSS belongs to the performance layer, which can convert documents into amazing forms through a simple mark on documentation - can access CSS Zen Garden to see instances. So, what is the best way to separate the performance from the structure? We will explain the traditional code that includes HTML elements or properties for providing performance. It is when it is cut off those BGCOLORS and

tags, let's test a follower:

In the presentation code below, what is the properties and tags used to performance?

this is my first web site.
they're coming to take me awai ...

Are you ready for your answer? Ok, the correct result is listed below, this is a clean code of the structured code:

this is my first web site.

they're coming to take me Away ...

that's it? That's it.

Although this code is unclear in accordance with any of the specifications, this separation, greater significance is to use the correct element. Using the table layout is a secondary issue, in the above example, use the table method is incorrect, from the long run, a cautious angle consideration should be removed to remove

and
elements. Although the form is not used in favor, the form is still very useful, they can be used in the appropriate place-table arranged.

Ok, we have put the format from our page, long live! What are you doing now? There are only some ugly elements, the text and lines of the Times-New-Roman font. Not interesting at all, where is our vivid and beautiful page?

Looking back at Zen Garden example, see the cute design? How different it looks? The key is to be the same XHTML below those beautiful design, which is as boring as the document you have just been formatted. Not right?

In fact, there is a good foundation, you may have noticed that there is no formatted HTML looks like a WEB in 1994. In addition to a few exceptions, these elements are as old as the Web itself,

has had that day since the Mosaic browser.

The advantage is of course not only limited to this, almost no use of ease of use (to meet those special needs), built-in search engine optimization, cost of bandwidth, etc., etc. Jeffrey Veen has written the "Business Value of Web Standard" last year, Roger Johansson explains the technical and benefits based on standard design in his nearest "WEB Standard Development". CSS has been well supported today, and there are unable resources to help learn CSS grammar, based on CSS layout and advanced skills. I recommend a few better: Westciv offers a free CSS course that will help you get started and quickly. Andrew Fernandez has established a huge CSS list, whether you are helping you. Eric Meyer has already written a bundle, you can stay at any time in the case. These books include "Eric Meyer On CSS" "More Eric Meyer On CSS". CSS reference book published in O'Reilly Press: "CSS Authoritative Guide" has released 2nd edition, you are best placed on the table. There are also Molly Holzschlag's "The Designer's Edge" and Chris Schmitt's "Designing CSS Web Pages".

The details of the CSS in depth and the construction layout will cost too much time. I will not say much. The above is what I can give those designers who start watching the Web standard. Read and share your experience, let us grow together as a group, and many people have actively promoted the development of Web standards, we have a global network and take advantage of it.

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