- Abandon WINDOWS low efficiency work mode, discover Unix temperament on Linux
I have not worked in the way I didn't use Windows for half a year. Linux is efficiently completed.
Some work.
GNU / Linux is not everyone wants to use. If you only need to deal with general transactions, play
Drama, then you don't need to understand these.
I am not a fanatical free software, although I like free software. This article is not
It is used to implement free software movement, although I think the free software movement is very good.
This article is not used to compare Linux and Windows kernel efficiency, file systems, networks
Services. I am now as a user rather than a developer. Our discussion is based on operation.
Application level. It is not to tell the union, or do not understand UNIX scientists and college students.
UNIX is more suitable for scientific research work than Windows, please understand Unix work mode, do not use
Windows standards to require Linux, and use a scientist's standard to request yourself, with UNIX
Thoughts come to armed themselves.
I obviously opposing the University, especially the science and engineering professionally promotes Windows. I also oppose
WINDOWS is used in computer enlightenment education in "dolls". Because Windows is technically, the economy
On the ideological style, it is incorporated with us to cultivate high-tech talents. Windows popular belongs to the calendar
Historical problems, the grandfather's first-class person is certainly unable to save, but we should not let the next generation will continue to go.
way.
UNIX is not a patent of computer experts
When I suggest that some non-computer professional people use Linux, many people say: "Unix is
The computer system is used, we can't understand. "" Unix is a boy, our girl is not available. "
But in fact, most scientists and engineers in the world are almost unix as their
Computer tool. Just because it is simple, reliable, stable, powerful, interesting. Even many times Unix is the only one
select.
You said: "We will use unix, what do you have to do with your computer?"
Very fortunate to tell you that some of the computer professional is specifically providing you with powerful and convenient calculations.
Machine tool. What is the use of this tool if they use themselves?
Understand GNU / Linux
Don't require Linux with Windows standards.
Because the gnu / linux word is too long, if there is no special indication, "Linux" means
"GNU / Linux".
In this era, I am afraid that no one needs me to introduce Linux? If you think
"Linux is just something almost with DOS", then ask you next to Linux users, Linux to
What is the bottom?
Then why do I have to write a such article? Because I found that there are still many people who don't understand
Linux and UNIX, although they are also using it, but they sometimes ask: "Why is Linux can't be like
Windows, like this ...? "," How redhat Linux can't Mount NTFS partition! "," Linux
What to do with the hard drive? "," When is OpenOffice to be fully compatible with the Word file? ","right now
What else is you can't do? "...
They have 40G hard drives, but only for Linux, I have a 2G space, sometimes complaining. "How do this thing to do so many hard drives!" It seems that Windows should take advantage of most of the hard drives. They put important data in
Windows partitions seem to be credible. They always look for novel, good-looking GUI programs, life
The order of order is disdainful. They are very interested in Drag & Drop, menu configuration, and automatic upgrades. they
If you find a Linux program like a Windows program, you will be very happy to say: "Haha! Linux
Can also ...! "If Linux wins Windows in some test, they will be happy to jump. They didn't
There is a way to solve the problem with Linux, even use Wine to run a Windows program. Sometimes there is no way, only
It's great to get Windows, or you can have trouble, put a VMware virtual in Windows.
Linux is playing.
If you have the situation above, your thoughts have been someworthy in Windows.
Influence and misleading. You have not been able to understand UNIX thinking from this inherently. You support
Linux, you like Linux, you can feel happiness, this is very good. You only need to understand now:
Linux has never been a toy, it is the descendant of genius UNIX. UNIX is the greatest since the transistors invented
The invention, it starts from the birth of the day than Windows.
What do you want to know is "Design", a bad design is not to seam for replenishment
With a good, an excellent design can not only be changed without change, but also affect the later. One
Excellent design is equipped with an excellent implementation, that is, excellent invention. Linux is an excellent
The invention. Linux does not need to catch up with Windows, nor does it need to be smashing Microsoft. Its ultimate goal is to change the whole
The computer world is still free, giving people fun and convenience.
Unix is simple, you don't need to become a genius and understand this simple.
UNIX Designer Dennis Ritchie said: "Unix is Simple. It Just Takes
A Genius To Understand ITS SIMPLICITY. "But I don't think so, because I am not a day.
Only, but I bravely delete Windows, and try to use UNIX when I don't understand.
The way is to solve, not to seek help. Now I have experienced the ideological and benefits of UNIX,
I can work with a few times more efficient than Windows. Because I believe this belief: "Windows can do
The thing that Linux will be able to do, and it is better. "
The beginning of this section should be changed: "Unix is simple, you don't need to be a genius or
It is a computer expert. But in this world who reprimanded Windows misconception, you need faith and courage to
Understand it simple. "I will tell you something I understand. First, you have to know that Microsoft is
The international science area is not based at all.
Microsoft's status
Microsoft's reputation in Europe and the United States, especially in the computer system, everyone may
Have a heard. I know MIT, STANFORD professor, experts in Bell Laboratory, and even a European small country
High school computer teachers don't mention Microsoft's name. In their eyes, Microsoft is just a no real technology, special
Little company with business promotion and monopoly in stocking countries. This "small" is not to say that it is less, and there is less money, but it is less advanced technology.
I wrote a algorithm demonstration process with Wang Yi, and that algorithm is a Bell Laboratory.
Springs Steven Fortune are very talented inventions, in order to be used by most people around you, we have chosen
VC MFC as a platform. I also get Fortune very enthusiastic encouragement when I analyze the algorithm, send me a copy of the information.
I have repeatedly replied that I have explained a lot of details. But after the program is completed, I will send the sample to Fortune.
He reply, said: "Sorry. There is no MFC on the machine." The words are very polite, but I have already felt him.
Disdain for Windows. Then I sent it to him in the MFC static compile process, and he didn't reply again. he
It is obviously not to look down on me, but it is really difficult.
Can you feel this scientist is what attitude towards Microsoft and Windows? Not a dislike,
But his heart has no windows at all! Microsoft has not developed in high-tech fields, then how it is born
? Going to developing countries to develop, their people have not known to the computer, I may even play
Enter the University of the University. I sent them software, I donated money to cover the building, I went to find the Tuling Award winner to speech,
Let them feel that we are scientists!
Ok, now the country's universities include Tsinghua, almost everyone machine must install the pirated win2000.
Office XP, school's course class system is not IE can't browse correctly, the paper uses Word editing, demonstrates with PPT,
Email's notification attachment is a DOC file, you don't have to do not open, even 863 projects use VC write programs
. I have seen a newspaper for a long time, "Why did Microsoft not strictly fight piracy?" This article said,
Microsoft does not fight China's piracy, and there is a trend of letting go. Put the long line to hang big fish, "I want you later
Doubled to return me! "It's so, it's a purpose.
China Computer Education under Windows
If you say the words, Bill Gates has been my idols a long time ... // blush
In China, Bill Gates is a sacred, "teenager computer genius", even some people
Go to his name to make "boxing to the sky" posture. Many people talk about Microsoft's "new technology", "high-tech"
It's all eyebrows. All kinds of "VC Programming Bible", "in-depth understanding of Visual C ", in the beginning
The page will appear very meat, "in the chaos of the group, a open-day elves, windows
1.0, birth ... "
Microsoft's software is used by so many people, then how people use these pirated procedures? first
Take a look at the computer training class, you are some DOS commands, typing, windows basic operation, Word document
理, PowerPoint, advanced class may have Excel, Access ... Participate in various Microsoft certification exams, MCSE,
MSDE people are endless. The examination counseling class has been laid out of the words "280 yuan, testing". Examination
The information is more expensive, and some computer bookstores are all "Microsoft Press". I have a match
Learn to participate in the certification exam, each exam is more than 200 yuan. And you can test again, you have to pay again. he
Later, I also said to me, see me, spend XXXX (a four digits) yuan to test Microsoft certification, get a certificate of Bill Gates and a certificate of 6,000 yuan of Windows XP internal release.
"The computer is working from the doll", let's take a look at what the dolls are learning. Most parents give
After the child bought a computer, they first installed a pirated Windows, then bought the pirated game.
play. If a child will use the Delphi program, it is not. Newspaper reporter, TV station struggle to report,
Said that a certain school's junior high school student, there is already a "primary stage" in other people in the computer game.
Write a program with Delphi. The lens also aims at the Bill Gates avatar in his display box!
I have just entered the University of the University, I don't know what is the operating system, because I used to use it.
"Chinese Learning Machine". It is "Windows 95", "VC", seeing newly enrolled students.
I simply felt behind that I have been in the same decades, the whole of the people, I can't answer them. It's hard to find
A more familiar classmate asked: "What is the martyr gap?" A: "Win95 is one
An operating system, which is a class with DOS. "What is the death? "You don't even know what DOS is?" Don't count
The computer is mixed. "The school is in class, of course, does not tell things such as VC programming, but there is a teacher at Pascal.
Just say: "Hey, our school is really backward. Now others use C, C , and even VC, we are still talking
Pascal. I don't know when I can have a VC class. You have to use VC, you have to learn. "
Yes, some students have a very heavy "Windows Programming Encyclopedia" in class.
Have listener. When you eat, you will tell me about the word, "The optimization of the code is endless", "Hungarian naming method is true
It is great inventions ... this is the situation in China's many university computers.
Feeling ignorance? This is not accidental, but Microsoft has long buried a forever. It wants to let
Everyone knows it as sacred, it is necessary to support Unix, Xwindow, once said, XWindow
Ok, I was taught by a group of people: "This windows can do", "you have a part of Windows.
See "," Microsoft is the mainstream "," Do you dare to look down from Win2K? "," Net is the world's trend ",
"Microsoft is a new technology", "there is money is a technology" ... and even the battle is still lost.
It is to say: "Windows performance is almost, but it is easy to use", "Windows is used by ordinary people, requiring other
"High", "Microsoft is so rich, I don't want to exceed UNIX in the future? "...
Computer education in developed countries
I met a Dan when I met a question about Scheme language.
Wheat. He solved all my questions and I suggested that I read some "De Olympics" syntax,
The book of literacy, he told me that many websites can learn Lisp, Scheme, artificial intelligence, algorithm. He called me
The paper "SyntActic Closure" in Jonathan Rees. He also packaged me to send a mit
"How to design programs". He said that he is loading Linux in his own PC, he uses Emacs
Serial, run the Scheme program. His understanding and hobbies for Emacs are surprised. Graduation design made by his University undergraduate is a Scheme interpreter. This is a lint of dust for me.
He is so tired, and every question, every question, he has answered in detail. I sometimes feel
In detail, how is this patience? I think he seems to be my high school teacher. What kind of people are he? I'm good
The odd inquired his situation. It turned out that he is a computer teacher in a normal high school in Denmark.
He said that he taught the programming and algorithm in high school, computer language law. He said
Scheme, his students do not have to worry about the problem of memory leaks such as memory, and focus on issues and
The algorithm itself. It is conducive to cultivating students' ability to solve problems, especially the ability to solve mathematics issues with a computer.
God! Why do you have so many mostthologists, geometrists? Do you see that others pay attention to it?
? If our computer education continues this, will only walk along the bend!
Microsoft and its friends' wishful abacus
Let's take a look at how Microsoft's income is coming. First, Windows 98 Series operating system, one
One is more than 100 dollars, each upgrade is almost the same price. Windows NT is more expensive, and there is
Number of users, 5 users, 10 users ... If you want to increase the number of users later,
money.
Can I use a lot of money? It actually even provided the compressed program
! When you installed Windows, the first thing is the first thing to download a Winzip, "as long as 29 beautiful
Yuan ".Windows will be a virus, spend $ 70 to buy a Norton AntiVirus.
? Buy another Norton Internet Security, $ 100. System needs to be optimized, disk needs
Organize, buy a North System Works is your best solution, $ 100.
But you still can't do it now! Do you want a word, PowerPoint? Then buy
A set of Office XP, buy cheap together, $ 459.90.
Those programs will not be used! How do those menus set, what is the function? See "Help"
Also learned. Buy this book to see, I recommend "Special Edition Using Microsoft Office
XP ", not expensive, $ 27.99. Most of this book is the screen graph, or buy an older comparison,
$ 17.85.
If you are just a secretary, it's almost the same. But you have a higher pursuit, you
I want to be a Windows programmer. Buy a Visual Studio.net, or how to compile the program.
$ 494.95.
In order to keep up with Microsoft, the world's trend, can you not register a msdn what? This expensive one
Point, not worth a value, $ 2,799.
Well, you are now the upper class, white-collar workers. You can now "freedom" now
"Safe" life:
Why oppose the use of Windows
Many people say that WINDOW should not be completely negated, and Windows also has its strengths. Should not be ignorant
Microsoft.
Correct. Windows is easy to operate, suitable for ordinary users. If Microsoft is positioned in P & G,
The status of Philips can provide our people with thoughtful, perfect, cheap and beautiful service. Then I am
It must be very much like it. However, from the above situation, Microsoft is a great international monopoly organization! its
There is no problem with the product: Windows is unstable, easy to virus, and Microsoft does not provide you with free
antivirus software. I just want you to spend money to buy my friend Symantec's anti-virus software, who told you already
My thief boat? What is the after-sales service!
You bought Microsoft's procedures, usually there is a protocol when installing, saying: "Due to Microsoft's
The order causes your data damage or loss, and Microsoft is not responsible. "I think many people must feel this unreasonable, no
Want to press that "i accept". But your software is bought, and the money is spent, now one according to "I
"DECLINE", the installer will immediately exit. You have to be forced to click "I Accept"! This is not an inequality
Is it?
I have witnessed several friends' documents by Microsoft Word, and some are edited.
More than ten days of papers, some have a very good resume made by a lot of work, and that friend lost it.
Go to the opportunity to work in P & G yourself. Just one night in the resume, just in that moment ... no
I know that when he is crying, I don't think I have to complain about Microsoft, but who told us that we use piracy, and you still
Hatched "I Accept".
Microsoft has accounted for a large part of the PC market, and formulate "Microsoft's standard" that does not meet the international standard.
"The software is suppressed in unreasonable ways, this problem has been in the US Department of Justice for a long time.
He even placed the code that leaks user information through the network in the Windows Series operating system, so that
Windows is prohibited by the Australian government when you enter Australia.
Some people said: "Microsoft has created a history and created today's IT industry."
Yes, if there is no Microsoft, we used very stable, very reliable, very convenient, very "fool" this morning.
The software is! Microsoft is the culprit of the development of information technology.
Microsoft's procedures work (note, I just say how to operate, the virus is another calculated)
It is suitable for the general family, online, and send mail, and playing games. But Microsoft has to pack yourself into
What kind of "high-tech" enterprises must set up a "research" around the world, and are not suitable for use in the University Computer System.
The Windows products of scientific research, even the money, please come to China to talk about "21st century",
Promote our .NET technology at the conference. I have to think that others think they are science, I am leading the world's high school
Skill. but? It doesn't have any high technology. Europe, USA, which key department is using Microsoft?
NASA? Doe? Cern? You think about it, Microsoft's program is a major role in humanity?
What is Windows to do and Linux can't do?
"Windows can do things that Linux can't do, that is, there is no need to do it."
I have a friend to see that I have not used Windows for half a year, sometimes I will ask me: "You only use Linux, there is
Did not find some Windows can handle things Linux can't do it? "
I replied: "Windows can do things that Linux can't do, that is, don't do it.
thing. "
Windows can do good things Linux can do
Some features under Windows are indeed what we need. Then Linux developers and users also need this feature, they will implement this feature, and more than Windows. due to
Most scientists, engineers are used by Linux or some business UNIX, so almost all commercial sciences
Engineering programs such as Matlab, Mathematica, AutoCAD, CANDENCE, SYNOPSYS, AVANT!
... All is the first version of UNIX (including Linux), then consider porting to Windows, even fundamentally
Unwavering to Windows, because Windows machine generally does not have sufficient ability to run such a program. you do not
I have to think that only Windows has PSPice, UNIX HSPICE is much better, and can run in large
On the host. Of course they are not free, but they value the price.
But there are things under Windows that are not very similar in Linux, or you find a lot of classes.
It seems that each of them is a lot more likely to be compared to Windows, so there are two possibilities.
:
There is a fully similar program, but because it is not beautiful, you are ignored by you.
Although other programs seem beautiful, they are written by some beginners. right now
Due to the birth of GTK, Qt, developing graphical interface procedures under Linux is extremely simple, many junior high school students and even primary school students.
You can compose some beautifully used programs. If you find such a program all day, pick it out, always
Can't find you satisfied. Of course, there are also first-class programs to use GTK and QT, such as GVIM, you can use GTK as
Graphical interface, I also know some Synopsys program use QT.
I have also made such a mistake, distinguishing everything from the appearance. Excellent FVWM, LFTP,
MUTT, WGET is ignored. When I find them, I am so shy, they are now
Is my friend
I first saw that fvwm felt that it was just a very hard to see something. can
Now, my classmates have seen FVWM: "Wow! It's beautiful."
There is another completely different way to achieve the same purpose, even better.
Many people are concerned about Open Office, Star Office, AbiWord, ... how much they
One day a Linux program is fully compatible to open a complex DOC document. But you will never
May have that day. why? Because Microsoft must make other system procedures to be completed in order to occupy the market.
Fully compatible with its document format. It will change the internal structure of the DOC document, hidden some secrets, let it
Its company has always had some problem when the company's program opens the DOC document, so you must purchase Microsoft Office.
And Windows.
You should think about it, so many high-level university professors, scientists, students, they use
Is Linux or other type of UNIX, they don't have word available, how to deal with documents? So many years
There is a program like Open Office, is there any way to write a document?
Obviously not this. Look at the high-level academic magazines, thesis, the network
Pages, those beautiful slides, what do they do? It turns out that UNIX users have a very convenient Troff.
Latex, SGML and other things can handle documents, and they have more than Word. Word is obviously
These big tested it, so that no one wanted to develop a similar Word under Linux, unless certain companies wanted to grab the Microsoft rice bowl.
Many people staying Windows on hard drives is nothing more than Word and
PowerPoint. I have seen a professor, and his Windows laptop has anything to PowerPoint.
No. One day of demo, he pointed to the pile of characters: "Sorry, this is a formula ... how to each time
It's all like this ... "In fact, there are several hundred times better than PowerPoint, you can use the most
Simple method to make a world-class effect papers and slides. You can take a look at my Tex webpage later, you will
Will know why I can completely leave Windows.
Things that Windows can do, Linux will never do it.
Computer Games
Some people say that all games you can get under Windows will not be able to play under Linux. indeed,
Although there are also a small amount of games, such as Quake. But it doesn't have Counter Strike, no STAR
Craft, ...
It is not to say that the computer game should not be played, but it should be suitable. Computer is used to deal with transactions, help
Help you learn, solve the problem of the problem, not a toy! I am addicted to computer games all day without going out.
The world outside, you will become more cold, more and more lack of people. You are getting farther and farther with the real world.
You can kill people in CS, you can adventure in Tomb Raider, you can even
Tony Hawk's Pro Skaters Skateboard ... But it's not real! Although you have a high "anti-terror
Tips, but when you encounter a gangster, you are so embarrassing; although you control Laura to reach your hands, but
Why are you always breaking the ball when you play basketball? Although you can easily make a "360" in THPS
Kickflip to Hangten Grind to Fakie, but you will not step on your own skateboard.
Ollie!
Said back, if you don't have a computer game, you can do it. But there is far better in the world
Windows PC better game mode. Sony's PlayStation2, Sega's Dreamcast,
N64, Namco's arcade of NAMCO ... Every one is wonderful than Windows games, every one has this
High 3D performance, so that Pentium4, itanium gforce4 can not be more than you!
Linux's users are concerned about the key issues that solve the world's key issues. Where do they have time?
Have a machine to play games? They use Linux efficiently to do their own work every day to enjoy nature.
went. To play games, you are also playing some intelligence games like push boxes, greed to eat snakes. So, do you know?
Is Linux almost no game?
"Finishing hard drive, optimization system"
This is a very interesting topic, second only to the topic of "virus". Believe in a lot
Windows users have experience in organizing hard drives. In many windows users, "hard drives have been for a long time,
Current fragmentation, speed will slow down, need a program to organize, do not do other work when organizing hard drives, this is good
Like a righteous thing.
I have also taken a little bit of Norton Defrag to sort my hard disk.
Adjust, display it in a graphic, then report: "100% no fragments. Your hard drive has reached
Best state. "I now found that I am naive. Linux and UNIX users seem to have never" sorted hard "? You think is quite
Do you blame? If you feel very strange, then your thoughts are banned to some extent by Microsoft's garbage programs. you
It should be understood that many large hosts of UNIX must be 24 hours a day, and the 365 days will continue to operate again and 1/4 days.
It is necessary to organize a hard drive every week. It is hard to do anything when organizing. It is absolutely no.
!
The Linux machine doesn't have to organize the hard drive at all, this is why didn't I see Linux users?
Hard disk. Linux's file system is more than Windows's FAT, FAT32, NTFS overall file system
Universities, not only can set permissions to file, implement full protection, but also "more and more complete", "more
The less fragment "! You should put most of the files in Linux partition, not the Windows partition, because
It is much more reliable than the Windows partition.
There are also more funny things that there are many "Norton System Doctor", "Windows excellent
The programs such as Master, "Super Rabbit Registry Magic" exists, and expensive. It seems to be an operation
There should be many problems in the system, requiring other manufacturers to "optimize" it, and you can optimize, you
Need to pay! These problems have nothing to do at all, so don't need to optimize. Linux kernel itself is
Highly optimized.
Idea
Some people are complaining why Linux does not have a good Ide development environment. Linux now
There are already some IDEs, but there are always many problems. Are you looking for, I am looking for a certain one?
Can I have a VC such as a development environment? Have you found that you are entering Microsoft to give you a strange circle? You
What must I use Ide? You said: "The IDE has developed quickly, the debugging is convenient, suitable for large programs ..." That description
Microsoft's procedure has been in your mind, you need to be awake, see if I come to tell you.
Gao Ming's Unix programmer does not have to use IDE, IDE has never used the primary windows programmer
of.
Look at large Unix programs, including Linux kernels, a variety of web services,
What is the IDE coming out? XWindow program? There is no one in our laboratory EDA program.
Ide, I also know the high-performance graphical interface EDA program for CANDENCE, SYNOPSYS, MENTOR.
Not written by Ide. Do you believe that Microsoft people do not use IDE when writing Windows itself. micro-
Soft internal programmer's favorite editor is actually vim, using Vim Microsoft programmers last time to Uganda
Children have donated more than 1,000 US dollars, which is worthy of praise.
There is a magazine interviewed some famous Linux kernel programmers, including Linus, no
There is a person with IDE, some people use VIM, some use Emacs, only Linus says "GNU Emacs IS"
Evil ", but in fact, he uses Microemacs with the same key binding function with Emacs. everyone
The program file is edited with the editor, and then call the GCC compiler with the automated tool such as Make.
work. Even advanced Windows programmers don't have to use IDE, they can call CL, Nmake from the command line
To compile your own procedures. Although such a Windows programmer is very small, they are the most understanding of Windows, the highest Windows programmers.
Why do UNIX programmers do not use IDE? Understand this truth, you can experience the settlement of UNIX
Thoughts. First, an IDE integrates an editor, compiler, assembler, debugger, tracker ... this
The editor feature is definitely less than VIM or EMACS, the compiler is less than GCC, and the assembler is not an AS, debugging
If you don't get on GDB, DDD, the tracker is less than strace, LTRACE, TRUSS. You get a set of integrated
Low energy procedures. If you are dissatisfied with the function of the debugger, you have to use another set of IDE, but this set of IDE
Hotkey, menu, editor function, button ... is very different from the original. You have to spend a lot of time
To familiarize yourself with the new environment, you can't keep some something.
And it is different under UNIX. You can use your favorite VIM editor, you are
GNU Make can be called in VIM, Make can call GCC, LD, ... Make's error information can be
Vim capture, VIM can help you locate in the source program. If you like an ICC, you can let Make use ICC
Not GCC. If you feel that the GDB tracking variables are more troublesome, you can use DDD to display various data structures.
The relationship between. You can also call GDB in Emacs, so you can synchronize the source code. and
Vim and Emacs can also edit a lot of other things, such as letters, latex documents, HTML, configuration text
Pie ... You don't have to find another editor to do these mixed. Many programs such as MUTT, TIN can
This is more convenient to use VIM inside. In fact, MAKE can also help you in other respects, my
Each larger Latex document is maintained by Make.
Linux can do high-precious things in Windows can't do it.
Of course, there are many things to be Linux / UNIX patent. Because Windows can only be installed in the PC
On, it seems that there is Alpha before you can use Windows NT, but I have not seen someone. PC's energy
The force is very low, people like our compilation of NP-HARD issues, using Windows machines clearly
Enough, and sometimes a problem is for a few days or even a few weeks, the Windows machine is known as "crazy", I
How can we rest assured?
So almost all scientific calculations, EDA programs, high-performance image handles are not
WINDOWS. They sometimes transplant some to Windows, but often reduce the ability of those programs. you are
What is the difference between Mathematica and Linux that is more than Windows version?
The largest parallel computer manufactured by IBM has more than 8,000 processors, and Windows cannot be available.
Force management so many processors, what operating system is it? The answer is Linux.
Three-dimensional animation in the "Titanic" movie, so delicate and realistic, Windows machine can make
Come? Not. That is also the Linux machine.
The Civil Aviation Administration used virtual reality training equipment for training local accommodation, and Windows is of course incapable of
force. That is all commercial IRIX machines.
UNIX is the first system that supports TCP / IP network protocol. There are many things above it to cooperate with each other.
Network service procedures, they have reached a relatively perfect extent through many years of use and revision. And in 1997
In the year, Microsoft's Bill Gates is still threatening: "The internet is no future." Microsoft's "Vision" Everyone should have seen it, and it will be more than the network service program IIS vulnerability, so that the Ministry of Public Security is frequent hair
A alarm, everyone is also seen.
In fact, you know that things that Windows don't have the same thing can be better than Unix.
Linux can't do anything that Windows can't do it.
Of course, Linux is not universal. It also has something that can't do it, the computer can't do anything.
situation. But Linux can't do anything, Windows can't do it. These things are what we need to explore
Sorps, you need to work hard. During your exploration, Linux must be your good partner.
Don't cover up Linux and XWindow!
Don't treat our users as a fool.
what? You have long you know that Windows is garbage? Oh! Why don't you say it earlier! Harm me nonsense
Some.嘿嘿.
"Okay. You know that Windows is garbage, what are you using now?"
"Linux xwindow"
"Then I ask you, what is Xwindow?"
"Isn't it almost the same as Windows? Just 'Start' button compare, and above
Not a Windows logo, but an ankle. Click on a very beautiful Chinese menu. I
like! "
"Do you know what is the 'root window'?"
"I don't know. I have never heard of it?"
"The root window is the largest window covering the entire screen."
"Where is any window! I didn't see it?"
Do you find a problem? These Linux users said that they were using Linux and XWindow, but he
They don't know much about Linux and XWindow. Many people have used so long xwindow, they don't know the root window.
What is the mouth, I don't know, the button is also a window, I don't know what the window manager is related to other programs.
Everyone thinks that the button above the window is put it itself, I don't know the "class name" of the window.
"Resource Name" is something. They don't know what.xdefaults is used for dry. especially
Many of them don't know how XWindow's font is named, what is fontset, with a new one
The font doesn't know how to install it.
They were confused in a layer of packaging on Linux, they waited to have a graphical interface.
Tools to help complete everything, they think linux is the same as Windows, just trouble. they
Know that the Linux kernel is very good, but they can't feel the natural priority of Linux and XWindow at the operation.
Cultivation, and then completely deleted Linux soon. You find out, to understand UNIX and
The advanced nature of XWindow's operating level is the best way to retain users. If the user can't make an operation
Convenient and efficient, the kernel will never pay attention to it.
But use the imitation of Windows to attract users and will never fail. Because Linux is like
If you use the low-efficiency way of Windows, then Linux's "low efficiency mode" is never
The set of "low efficiency" in Windows. Then the user will say: "This Linux is not the same as
WINDOWS. "
Linux is born is inheriting UNIX's efficient way to work, why we have to cover it
stand up? Why do we only tell the user KDE menu how to use? Why can't we be like an early XWindow?
The book is the first section tells the user what is X Server, what is X Client, what is Window?
Manager, what is the root window. The second chapter tells what properties of the user window, what is ClassName,
Resource Name, Hint, how to use .xdefaults, xrdb ...
Here I have to say that those Linux issued companies and writings, they put
Linux and Xwindow packages, but did not come from basically telling the working principle of XWindow. lots of books
The level of teachings is the level of gnome, KDE's menu operation, with a large number of graphs to dominate, "prosperity"
LINUX book market.
Now many people have written a good-looking program that can use the library of others as their own programming water.
Flat symbol. In this "graphical", "visualization" age, if you still use troff, latex
Document, you are still using Vim yourself editing HTML, with MUTT processing emails, you are still using text mode GDB
Debugger, you are still writing using xlib, you are still using the usenet, you are still writing
Makefile, write machine code, you are still playing CLOSSAL CAVE's character mode adventure game, then you are
Old antique.
In fact, this kind of thinking is wrong. Although you are a firm Linux supporter, but yours
Thoughts are Windows' thoughts. You think the graphical interface, the menu, buttons can solve all problems, you can
Give you efficient and convenient. You still have not got rid of Microsoft to your subtle things. You are inseparable from Windows
The same environment, you will delete your own Linux sooner or later.
GUI VS. CLI
Be a firm "two-faceted"
Do you see this title is a blood boiling? Two prawns can be siege:
GUI send users: "Wow! I see your kid is CLI. Otherwise what you write
Makefile? What MUTT is used? "
CLI send users: "Sliced ~ You still use X! Masters don't use X. You are the side of Gui."
Poor me: "555 ~~ You don't want me ~~ GUI and CLI are so water?
? "
There are many martial arts in the computer world. It is very characteristic that CLI and GUI are. CLI
(Command line) of the fanatic article claims to never use X. I last saw a classmate in the laboratory.
SecureCrt logs in to the Sun machine, then use a Vanilla Vi editor, I suggest him start a
GVIM comes over the Exceed on the Exceed to be highlighted. But he firmly opposed and said: "Master does not use X. you
Think about how to use X? If I am in a very slow network connection? And many servers do not load the X program. "
But our laboratory is fast enough, and Windows machines have Exceed, and Sun
The machine has a full X client program including GVIM. He said that he is a resolute supporter of CLI, but he is using it.
Windows, he later opened several SecureCrt, entered the address, username and password each time from the text box.
Select "SSH2" from the drop-down menu, then click "Connnect". He is still conducive to SECURECRT is "network management
The most popular login method selected by the staff. "Old days, SecureCrt itself is a Gui, he
There is no benefit of XWindow.
Do you say that I am GUI? Although I've been very working under Console. But I am very familiar with BASH, VIM, I can make Bash work in accordance with my key binding method. I can use MUTT in RXVT.
Transceiver email. Almost on each desktop, you will have a different size of RXVT. I use VIM editing
LaTex. I write Makefile yourself to maintain the LaTex document. I sometimes use MPG321 to put MP3. let me try
BBS I wrote the expect script yourself. Ok, a friend of the cli can receive me to do allies.
Do you say that I am a CLI old antique? My FVWM is configured as "handwritten operation", I
Just draw a "R" can start RXVT, I can start GVIM if I draw a "U", ... I use
GVIM syntax highlighting the editor, I use Mozilla to browse the web, ... Gui sent now seems to recognize me
Make friends
All right. CLI sent friends, although I like the command line very much, but I am sometimes painted on the screen.
You can do it:
Module Fvwmconsole -Terminal RxVt -Geometry 45x5-0 0 /
-BG Gold -FG MidnightBlue /
- - FN "- ADOBE-COUREER-MEDIUM - R - * - * - * - * - *"
Do you want to take me out of the teacher now?
Gui party, although I like the window very much. But I can enter in fvwmconsole
:
All (RXVT) MoveToDesk
Move all my RXVT to the desktop I work now. "This guy, how can you rebellion so soon?
changed! "
In fact, what must be divided into GUI and CLI, UNIX and XINDOW are industrial standards, they
The design will have a very flexible usage, each program, whether it is a gui or the command line can be mutually
cooperation. Unix and X are a family, why bother is so embarrassing, not this? You can see from my behavior above.
Does the GUI and CLI of the blurred line? I am a firm "two-faced".
Unix is simple
"I believe it is the best, if it is too complicated, I can't understand." -Seymour
CRAY
A lot of people who use Linux will be surprised to find that Linux's procedures are actually "safe
Can be running, the program is copied to the casual directory, not you must take up your first partition
Space. The settings of the program are just some simple text files. You don't need anything at all, "Registry Modification
"You can change the settings of the system. This is simple, but simple is beautiful. Although this is just UNIX
One of the superficial knowledge of singleness, you have already experienced something.
But it doesn't mean that the function is weak, does not mean backward. On the contrary, simplicity means powerful,
Means vitality.
I will not continue to explain the "simple" of UNIX, because this needs yourself
meeting.
UNIX is eternal
Some people say: "Plan9 will replace UNIX, Mach will replace the Linux kernel."
But if you are a deep understanding of Unix, you will know: UNIX's thoughts are
Eternal, regardless of the transit, PLAN9 replaces Unix, UNIX's soul will be in the Plan9
!
I wrote a Linux kernel and a Windows VXD driver for the same device. Write Linux
When the driver is in the perfect consistency of Unix design, the perfect consistency is convinced. Unix uses the same interface read (), Write () system calls to different objects: normal files, equipment files, pipes, pipelines
Parts, Socket, ..., unified read and write operations. I can write a test for a test.
Test my device driver, because Cat, CP, DD, they also use the same read (),
Write (), equipment and normal files are not different in the eyes of the application. There is no SmallTalk in that, no
In the C era, UNIX designers have used the so-called "object-oriented method". Yes, C language can also
Implement object-oriented.
Unix system calls have no big changes in decades, this is not stubborn, not stubborn, not progressive
Logue, but in the reflection of the vetement of Unix! This is similar to the TEX procedure for decades.
These are real eternal master piers! You should change all software must be from 0.1, 1.0, 1.1,
1.2, 2.0, ..., 3.0, 3.1, 95, 98, 2000, xp, ... constantly upgraded ideas.
Windows is different, it is just a graphic packaging on the top of a DOS. Rear
To compatibility with the previous worse design, you have to add a lot of cumbersome. I am deep when I write the VXD driver.
Experience, Windows 95 procedures for equipment operation only use Deviceiocontrol, I have to write two should be written.
Use the program to test the device driver. The inconsistency and implicitness of the Windows kernel make me very annoyed. but
Windows WDM driver now has readfile, writefile, ... What is the explanation? That description
Windows learning to UNIX, or maybe a UNIX designer has played a few days in Microsoft,
Hand adds a few UNIX things in. This is useless, Windows is very bad from the beginning.
Design, its history of the baggage is too heavy, what is the use of seam supplements? It can only be eternal by UNIX
!
UNIX is powerful
Let the smart people do anything they want to do.
One feature of UNIX is very flexibility, and XWindow also has this flexibility. This
Where is the flexibility?
Unix procedures generally have a lot of parameters, no matter what you use it now, there is always someone needs
Some parameters. Many of their behavior can be changed in configuration files. For example, GNU Bash, usually default life
The way to enter the way is an EMACS method, but as long as I edit a .inputrc file, it can turn it into
VI's input method, and I can also bind the key sequence to some operations. I can use Shopt to set it
Many features, such as whether a wildcard extension can be performed as a variable as a directory, whether
Can automatically correct some obvious catalog name typing errors ...
The idea of UNIX programming is to provide the user "mechanism", not restricting users to develop "politics
"This is an important respect for users.
Let's take a look at XWindow. XWindow is an excellent design that displays the server and
The client is separated. One display can display both the program on this machine or display the X process on the other machine.
The order, and they all comply with your unified command of your window manager, and between them can easily transfer scrapbook data.
Various events ... such as sometimes I will show xterm on different machines on my xfree86, two different
GVIM on the machine, ... they are unified by the FVWM command on this unit. The XWindow program has many of the multi-command line parameters and resource parameters. You can freely
Set all the colors, fonts, sizes ... and if you use it, in the command line or .xdefaults file
XRDB imports .XDEFAULTS into the root window, then there is no configuration in other machines, show
It will also comply with the same appearance in your machine.
XWindow's window has Property, which is some shared data that can be defined (original
child). It is because of these Property existence, making XWindow have incomparable vitality. X window
There is no unified protocol between the mouth manager and other customer programs, but ICCCM (customer program room)
Communication Specification), this specification is defined by Property. Now some people define a set of "extended windows"
EWM Hints, make XWindow can have some Windows features, such as a tool
Article program can tell Window Manager: "The following is taken by 24 pixels of 24 pixels, your maximum process.
Don't cross this line when you are. "
A powerful window management program, such as FVWM, you can answer your worker when you receive this prompt
This requirement for computing procedures can also not agree. Who is the power of everything? Of course it is a user! All windows
The mouth is obedient, and FVWM gives the user's greatest respect.
You think about it, is there some windows programs often pop up a window to choose "Yes OR
NO "? You don't want to click it it. Do you feel that your program is infringement of your dignity? You are a person, one
How can a wisdom of creatures that can be treated such a program?
There is also a lot of windows programs regard people as a fool, and it is a "smart program". ratio
For example, there is a program that likes to turn your first letter into uppercase, I don't say who it is, you meet
I will know when I arrive. If there is such a obvious problem, you need a program if it is a matter of "one sentence."
What is the human brain still used to correct? Moreover, if you deliberately want to write, then it is more troublesome.
I am from finding this stupid option from it from its big pile menu.
Only symbols can fully manipulate the computer.
Let us say a lot of first school Linux users. Although they are using Linux, but they play
In the eyes, I feel that Windows works well. They hope that Linux can "like Windows."
"You said:" My mouse, my menu, ... you can complete my action. "But I want to say
Quantitious: "Linux has never impending Windows, will not. Linux from the date of birth, its work
The way is more advanced than Windows. Linux belongs to people that can bravely face symbols. Only symbols can be fully manipulated
computer. "
Take a look at the excellent UNIX program, Xfree86, Fvwm, Vim, Emacs, Proftpd, Mutt,
Wget, TIN, ... No one is not using the configuration file to set the option. Why these procedures are not convenient
Can the menu use to configure? Is it so low that their designers, and even the graphical configuration interface can't write?
of course not. Because the ability of graphical interface configuration is extremely limited, configuration files and
The expression ability of the sequence language is unlimited. If you configure these programs with a graphical interface, if you want to reach the configuration file
The effect, you need hundreds of menus, Checkbox, Radio Button, ... you have no way
Find the place you need to modify! The syntax of the configuration files of each program has a lot of similarities, which is generally some commands, set some variables, parameters, ... once it is used, others will be easily understood. Such as
If you are used to AWK, SED, Perl, you will think that that is really automation.
Although the mouse is a good tool, its expression ability is limited. You can't use the mouse
Let the computer fully understand what you mean, it has only 3 buttons after all. Look at my metapost page, you can experience
This weakness of the mouse. So though we like the mouse very much, but you can't rely on it.
The perfect cooperation of each applet
This is the most important feature of UNIX, it is the idea of UNIX design. Let each program only have
A special ability and then let them cooperate. XWindow also inherited this kind of good tradition.
This is probably Windows and other operating systems to show the dust and place. UNIX program design
Unity, the body of cooperation, really makes me unbelievable! Shell, GREP, Find, AWK, SED, MAKE, Perl,
Emacs, Vi, Tin, MUTT, ... they are so consistent! Once you have learned the regular table of SED
Dare, other programs can basically be used. Once you have learned vi and vim, you will find it to operate so.
Regular, seemed VI designers have designed Vim in today's perfect and unified
Operation method! Moreover, the operation of the VI is also reflected in many programs such as MUTT, TIN. You can even set Bash
When you enter the VI input method to enter the command line, I do this. A program can call another program
To get the data, you can give the data to it after processing, you can "embed" in your own window.
program.
This cooperation is very difficult in Windows and other non-UNIX operating systems. I have
Some automatic work is made using Perl under Windows. But Windows file operation, pipeline is
This is unstable, the program is basically unable to cooperate. Don't want to embed in the Visual Studio window
UltraEdit editor, don't want to use an Expect script to control Telnet to Shuimu Tsinghua BBS.
Windows program is large, big, all email programs need you
For editors, send and collect messages yourself, display the attachment of the email. Each BBS program provides yourself
Virtual Terminal, its own communication code. Every IDE provides editor, compiler, compilation
Merry, debugger. In order to use a new program, people need to adapt to all of these it provides, and cannot make
Use your favorite editor to bind, menu organization ... can't DIY!
You have to know that the most advanced computer is customized, what you want, what CPU, what motherboard,
How much memory, what hard drive, keyboard, mouse, and display are selected. The most advanced skateboard, you want
What brand of layout, what brand of sand, what bridge, what is the wheel, what bearing, is also you choose. most
Advanced table tennis racket, wooden board, rubber, sponge, glue can choose itself ... and use Windows
In order, you get the big chowder, just like you to buy "brand machine", only a few configurations, and there are a lot of you.
Unwanted software and services; just like you to buy a small skateboard, you want a big wheel and a narrow board
Sub, but you don't have this room! The Windows program is equivalent to the cheapest, most sluggish skateboard. But it will spend more money, because once a part is broken, or you don't like it, you can't find another good change.
Fill it, you must re-buy a full set of accessories!
Unix and XWindow are high-grade "assembled". For example, when I use MUTT,
I can use VIM to edit the email with Pico, I can use imagemagick to display XV
I can use Lynx to convert the HTML attachment into a text embedded window with Lynx, I can also
HTML attachment is handed over to Mozilla graphic display. I can let Gnupg help me digital sign and plus
Secret, I can also use other PGP programs. I want postfix instead of sendmail to help me send an email, I
Want Fetchmail to help me collect mail, forward to postfix, then be written by my own PERL filter
I can do it all this! I can choose my favorite special procedure to complete special work.
Then combine them together, I can also get their benefits.
Learn UNIX is definitely not a waste of time
Someone told me: "You see that I don't have to learn anything in Windows. And use Linux, light is safe
I spent a week! "
First of all, I want to tell you, you have a week, not because Linux is not
It is better to make it, but because you are used to Windows, it is difficult to understand Linux. You think about you
When do you have to install Windows? How much time you spent, what is the hard disk partition? What is a disk? Sash
What is the directory? Do you think that Windows is so easy to learn? Although you feel that there is no time to learn, but
It is the past when you use someone else's machine, you will understand it. And because you want Linux
And Windows is also saved on the hard disk, and the installation difficulty is added. And you must have you have experienced Linux
User help, otherwise they will help you in 20 minutes. It's too exaggerated a week.
If you use it at the beginning, there is no problem with Linux. You think if you haven't used it
Windows, you will definitely be very accustomed to / etc, / usr, / usr / local, ... not C:, D:, E:, ...
is not it? If you only have used Linux, you will be afraid when you use Windows for the first time. "/ Where is the directory
Going? "
The most important thing is that you can use the Unix tools, they can accompany you, but not so
Easy to change or disappear. You can never have to change another tool. Unless the tool is much better than you,
And you can fully simulate your current tools.
Our laboratory has a 60-year-old teacher, with VI, CC, Make, ... for decades, he
The prior experience is definitely no white feet, and the church has a batch of students. VI is accompanied by UNIX initial
It is born until today, it is one of the two editors in the world today! Some people's FVWM configuration files have been used
For more than 10 years, it is still available until you have been modified.
Take a look at Windows tools, you need to adapt to the new ring from Borland C to VC.
The menu is different, the color is different, the button is different, the help information is different, the hotkey is different, the compiler
Number, debugger function is also different, ... At that time, I am afraid to spend a lot of time to adapt. When you have just adapted VC, you have to change it to VJ, Powerbuilder, C Builder, ...
Many windows programmers are like this, starting with Turbo C under DOS, then Borland
C, VC, C Builder, ... constantly chasing Microsoft's trend. And Microsoft's SDK, MFC, .NET ...
Everything is constantly changing, continuously problematic, constantly modified ... Windows programmers have to buy thick
Heavy Microsoft Press books, read only one month, and it's time. Today you learned to write
Vxd, you must use WDM tomorrow. You have to register MSDN to catch up with Microsoft's pace. very
Many people say: "The computer is the professional of the nobles." This is made by Microsoft.
These things are the time and money that have not been wasted. This is a waste of life! I
Why don't you use the same unix and perfect Unix from birth? You need to understand the design concept of advanced tools.
UNIX tools are like we use cars, its clutches, throttures, brakes, steering wheels, rear view mirrors, always
In the same position. If you are used to, you will have a guideline about your car, even yourself.
It can be repaired. Isn't this?
Some people say: "You said that we need to understand UNIX, do you have to drive a car's knot?
Is it? "You ask the driver who drives the car, which one does not understand the structure of the car, then his driver's license is mixed.
of. Do you want a fool type "Microsoft car"? Let's take a look:
The Microsoft car you bought is only one seat, and you have to pay for the car company.
money. The anti-collision airbag on the car will come out from time to time, saying is for your safety. Every 100 miles are opened once, each
The engine will be changed for a year. Included, you must also exchange newly provided by the oil company designated by Microsoft Motors
Model of oil. Your car has a problem, but the law stipulates that you are not allowed to remove your car to repair, you must
Need to go to the maintenance point designated by Microsoft Motors, it is necessary to pay a lot of money to repair a small problem.
The most intimate is that every time you change a model of Microsoft car, its brakes and clutches are different
The location, you need to re-examine the driver's license. If this car is braking on the way, you are seriously injured, you also
Can't agree on Microsoft Motors, because you must sign a contract after you buy a car, say "due to Microsoft car
All the death injuries you have made with your family are not responsible. "
How to use GNU / Linux work
Said so many Windows is not good. I haven't told you how I use Linux to handle some
Necessary thing.
I used to be in Chinese, I have always been configured because Chinese is always configured. It needs to be heavy from time to time.
Win2k is handled by Chinese characters. Later I found Minichinput, XSIM, and SCIM input method. This can be
Chinese characters. And Vim and Emacs support Chinese characters better and better. Most of my text is edited by VIM
, Including procedures, letters, web pages, latex paper, Metapost drawing languages.
I don't have to write a paper like Word, but use LaTex because it is the most effective in the world.
Good, the most convenient papers, is the format of most academic magazines. Slides are done with context,
It is very simple, and it is very beautiful. You can look at my tex introduction.
As for the drawing, you can use a lot of visual tools such as Xfig, DIA. But for me, any visualized tool cannot complete some tasks, I need a language that can accurately describe graphics. I
Found Metapost. It is simple and easy, and the effect is first-class world. My illustration, if not an image,
It is Metapost painted.
I have complained that Mozilla-Mail often suddenly disappeared, damaging me a few letters that I have to complete.
Part. Later I found that Mozilla's mail handler is indeed unstable, weak, and experienced UNIX.
Users don't have to use this program. MUTT is a very stable and reliable UNIX mail handler, and features
Very powerful.
I worked for GNOME and KDE instability. Now I found very powerful
FVWM. KDE, GNOME can also work with FVWM. Although Gnome and KDE are generally unstable,
Some parts are not bad, many gtk, QT procedures are also very good, many of them can be independent of these tables
The surface environment is running.
Linux has a lot of powerful and convenient ways of working is Windows, or there are similar east.
West, but it is very bad or it is inconvenient. For example, SSH service, RSYNC, CVS, Expect ...
in conclusion
What is the purpose of doing so much? I hope to like Linux friends, completely remove Microsoft and
Windows instills paradox in your brain, don't believe what they call "new technology", don't catch up again
Windows, because of catching upows = reverse. Marx has a thought very important, "new things are not
It is set to date recently. "Unix, XWindow, TEX although it appears first than Windows, they
It is a representative of advanced productivity. What we have to understand is that what is real modernization, what is true self
Dynamic.
Eliminating a computer is difficult, bravely picking up like Bash, FVWM, TEX, Vim,
Emacs, Mutt ... This powerful program, brave face symbol. Don't complain again "Why is Linux?
Can be like Windows ", don't waste time trial such a program, don't be busy upgrading. You need
To understand UNIX work, because it is a way of working in most scientists. Linux can become your good
Friends, you need to know it, understand it, trust it, can completely rely on it to efficiently. Of course, in the game
Machine, mobile phone, handheld, or when using computer to entertain, use some "fool software" or good
I hope primary school, computer teachers in secondary school can improve their quality, in the enlightenment of children
Yang is fully utilizing Linux mysterious characteristics, causing children to mathematically, and symbolic. Inducing them
Computers to solve interesting problems in the world, not to limit the scope of teaching to the computer's operation and itself
problem.
Appendix: I used Linux programs that deal with daily transactions
alright, alright. I know that you find yourself to turn to Linux, you regret why I am now.
Microsoft's evil. But don't worry. Because these things are just tools, they are used to complete your main tasks.
Aid. You used to choose the wrong tool, this is not tight. You still have your original professional skills, that's only
is the most important. The thing of the tool is only slowly adaptive to the conversion, can't be a good, otherwise you will feel very unintentionally
Think, even give up.
If you just want to be a normal user like me, the main purpose is to use Linux to complete your own task, so you can ask yourself without system administrators or network administrators, because when a system
Union and network administrators are really hard. Here I am from the laboratory's network management classmates, thank you for your guidance and help.
Don't use your machine as a web server, don't have to open no necessary services, set up SSH, FTP has
It is sufficient. This will save the time that many things that are not necessarily understanding. Do not have to consider "safety", because
It is safe for Linux default. However, you are interested in learning more that.
Here are some programs that are recommended to handle general things. As for your major
The science and engineering software such as Matlab, Mathematica, MAPLE, HSPICE, DESIGN
Compiler, ...... There are other physically, chemical, biological ... all have Linux and
Unix version. Of course, they are not free, don't always feel free, free is not equal to
free. They are a hard-working product, which is a reliable procedure, and they have a value.
Some Linux programs I have often used are listed below. There may be a lot in a list, that is to
Convenient you to choose, I have listed comparison. But in fact, there are only the first one, I am really use, I don't
Like a trial program. I am not a qualified network administrator, my server only sets my own work.
Can, you can save me a lot of trouble
Shell: bash. It combines the advantages of CSH and KSH, and there is a readline function.
You can bind your keyboard at will.
Editor: Vim, Emacs.
Program development: GCC, Make, LD, Scheme48, J2SDK, Perl, Python, TCL / TK
...
Paper, slideshow tools: latex, context
Drawing Tools: MetaPost. This language is too strong, so I only use it. You are not familiar
The words can be used to draw pictures such as Xfig, DIA.
Image processing: imagemagick. The Import program can screen, Convert
Program can be converted to image formats, Display can display pictures and simple editing (zoom, changing quality, transfer format,
Simple drawing, simply taken into account. Usually I need this. If you want more powerful image tools
GIMP, it is almost similar to Photoshop.
Automatic management tool: make. I can use Make to block compiler, automatically compile document, self
Update illustrations ... Fully automatic, and will not repeat labor.
Numerical calculation procedure: scilab. This program can basically replace MATLAB.
Algebra Calculation Program: Maxima. This program is based on one of the oldest computer algebraic systems in the world.
: MIT MACSYMA system issued by the US Department of Energy (DOE). It is implemented with Common Lisp. a lot of
The current symbol computing program is like MAPLE to learn a lot from Maxima. It now passing the DOE batch
The GPL is released, which is always a free software.
Encrypted program: gnupg. My PGP key is it.
Pack, compress the program. Everything is: tar, gzip, bzip2, zip, rar, ...
Virtual optical drive program. Linux does not require a virtual CD-ROM program, directly mount.
FTP server: Proftpd, VSFTPD. Proftpd is very strong, but I only use the simplest
One setting of single.
WWW server: apache. (I usually not open)
FTP client: LFTP, NCFTP. They are all working, but they are compared to graphics
The interface is more convenient. For example, LFTP has almost all of Bash's convenient features, Tab complements, Bookmark,
Queue, background download, mirror ... Linux also has a ftp client in the graphical interface, but most of them are unstable
There are many problems. This is a small reason for many people complaining that Linux is not as good as Windows. There are still many people
Use Wine to simulate Windows LeAPFTP, in fact, LFTP is much better than LeaPFTP, just right
Should be.
Automatic download tool: wget. It is very stable, once I download a program, use IE and
Mozilla downloaded back files is bad, and finally the WGET reliably transmits data. Use it or even
Mirroring the entire website, which is much better than the Windows program like Webzip, and will not pay for you
Enter ads in the downloaded webpage.
Virtual Terminal: RXVT, XTERM, GNOME-TERMINAL, MLTERM, ...
X Server: Xfree86
Window Manager: FVWM. Compiled with libstroke.
Chinese input: XSIM. I have modified to adapt to FVWM needs. Also recommend you to use
SCIM.
Email handling: MUTT Postfix Fetchmail
See PDF, PS, DJVU file: Acrobat Reader, XPDF, GHOSTScript, GV,
DJVU toolkit and NetScape plugins.
See the CAJ documentation. I never look at the documentation such as CAJ. If you can't find PDF or PS, go directly to
The library is best.
See page: Mozilla, Phoenix, Lynx. Mozilla-XFT display effect is good than IE
many.
English-Chinese Dictionary: IBM Smart Dictionary, Star Intercity King.
Edit the web: I write HTML directly with Vim. If you want a graphical way, you can use it.
For example, Screem, Bluefish.
Log in to other UNIX, Linux machines: OpenSSH, Telnet. I like to use OpenSSH.
Other machine X programs are transmitted to my machine via the SSH encrypted tunnel.
Display Service: Rdesktop, WINDESKTOP, ... I have one
Try it, it's good. I have never used it later.
Synchronization program: rsync. I use RSYNC to sync data with some machines through SSH, or
Do sync between different directories on your own machine.
BBS: RXVT (or any terminal) Telnet Chatbot (Helloooo robot)
program)
QQ, ICQ: I don't have QQ or ICQ. But you can use Gaim, it supports QQ, ICQ
And many other instant communication methods. ICQ users can also use LICQ.
Live: MPlayer, RealPlayer. Mplayer is too good, you can put VCD directly,
DVD, DivX, WMA, WMV ... I am envious of me with WINDOWS, saying that Windows wants to put this needs.
Big pile of plugins. RM is best to put it with RealPlayer, it is also free.
Music: XMMS (MP3, OGG), MPG321 (placed MP3), OGG123 (placed OGG).
MPG321 is not as convenient to manage music files as XMMS, but sometimes I still use MPG321 to play MP3 as a back
View music, because it is too lazy to open an XMMS window
Game: I think Ksokoban (push box) of KDE, very fun
Look at the Word document. Please turn the document to PDF or PS again, give me a document.
If there is no special format, you will use the text, why is it so trouble? It was very strange to before, there is no in the notice.
What special format actually has a DOC attachment to Email. Now, we use the text,
PDF, even pictures
Other procedures: There are still many I need to use and you don't necessarily use it. For example, Doctor
Scheme, Scheme48, SCSH, Kawa ... These programs have only Doctor scheme has a Windows version. also
There are many behind-the-scenes work but you are generally not perceived: xinetd, telnetd, sshd, crond, ATD, LPD,
... They are all stronger than Windows, or there is no corresponding person.
