Talk about the application of platform interoperability tools
(Author: Xue Qikang 2001 at 10:56 on March 9)
Windows, Linux, UNIX, real masters need to "hit it", in the process of moving into the master, master inter-operation inter-operation inter-operation is required. This article will reveal the secrets of such tools.
VNC - Pass the mouse, keyboard action, allowing you to remotely control computer hosts of different operating systems;
X Manager - Let you run UNIX applications under Windows;
Cygwin - Powerful UNIX simulation tool under Windows, can help you learn UNIX under Windows.
With the rapid development of the network, it was originally changed by Windows in the world. In particular, Linux is booming, providing more options to day-to-day applications. However, the operation between the various operating systems is very large. Professionals engaged in computer work more complicated - there are many computers interior, and the operating system running on them may be Linux, Solaris, FreeBSD, or HP-UX, AIX or other Unix system, but More systems are probably the Windows system.
When managing different computers, the administrators always operate on the console of the computer. If the company is distributed in different floors of a building, managers need to run, it is too much trouble. Furthermore, if their computer is hosting in the Telecommunications Bureau, the company's network management cannot often run a far away road to manage room for maintenance.
In view of this, the author recommends several interoperable software between heterogeneous operating systems. Taking the operating system platform for Windows 9x / NT / NT / 2000 as an example, usually, such software can be divided into two categories: one is based on the console simulation, that is, in the Windows environment, simulation has a remote console, as a Remote terminal, log in to the remote UNIX system over the network; the other is based on X Window emulation, which is running a X Server locally where the X application on the remote Unix host is run.
Remote login tool
No matter which method, the necessary point is based on the TCP / IP protocol through the network. The network can be a LAN within the company, which can be a WAN connected to each other, and can be an internet.
For UNIX systems, remote management is usually used using terminal emulation tools, and common tools are: Netterm, current version is 4.2; CRT, current version 3.1.1. Of course, there are many excellent terminal simulation software, they can run in a Windows system well, but the author prefer to use CRT, it is a very good terminal simulation software. In the 800 × 600 Windows system, the display mode of 1024 × 768 is provided, and the "increase" the display size of the terminal. Since CRT can provide a large display area much greater than other simulation terminal software, more information can be displayed in the same screen, it seems that there is a lot of screens. Another advantage of CRT is that it is not like Netterm, showing confusion or even sometimes logging in. Other software can find below: http://winfiles.cnet.com/apps/98/terminals.html
Here, a large number of terminal simulation software is collected, you can try it, use it to be satisfactory.
X Server under Windows
Previously, ordinary users did not understand UNIX, so they didn't care whether to use the GUI interface under UNIX. There are still many people who don't know if I can use the GUI under UNIX. Now, with the continuous development of Linux, it is gradually being accepted by ordinary users. Under Linux, there is a very easy to use X Window, which is also a GUI interface that doesn't have much difference with Windows. X window looks very similar to Microsoft's Windows, but its mechanism is completely different from Microsoft's Windows. First, it is a standard C / S mode system, that is, completing a task is completed by the X customer and the X server. The X client can be an application on this machine or it can be an application on the remote host. In addition, it also has a tool called window manager for the desktop, which is responsible for the establishment, deletion, etc. of the window. Window Manager includes people usually said KDE, GNOME, TWM, etc.
If you want to run some apps on UNIX under Windows, you have to find a X Server that can run in a Windows environment, as long as this can run the server in a Windows environment, the X apps in other UNIX systems can be Locally run. It usually uses more business X Server, which is generally more expensive. If you want to use such software, the author recommends x manager, it is an excellent X Server (for Windows 9x / NT / 2000).
This type of software on the Internet also has image X Server, X-OMIN, etc., you can go to http://winfiles.cnet.com/apps/98/terminals.html to download.
In the free GNU project, one is a package of X Server for Windows, which is transplanted from X11R6 to Cygwin. Related software can be found at http://www.cygwin.com.
Virtual network calculation
This type of software is represented by VNC under the GNU project, which is a comprehensive, multi-way external operating system interoperable software. It uses a remote control operation to implement, that is, interactively complete operations between the VNC server installed on the remote host. The implementation process is as follows: After the client is successfully connected to the server side, the client is negotiated with the server, transmitting the screen information of the remote host to the local, send the local keyboard and the mouse to the server side, the server side accordingly according to the corresponding The instruction is operated and the result is sent to the server side. From this point, it is a bit like pcanywhere. In addition, the VNC also provides a function of controlling the remote host through the browser, and the user operates the remote host directly through the browser.
VNC consists of two parts: VNC Servers with VNC Viewers. It supported environment includes:
VNC Server: VNC Server for x (UNIX), WinVNC (VNC Server for Windows), MacVNC (VNC Server for PPC Macintosh).
VNC Viewers: vncviewer for x, vncviewer for windows, vncviewer for java, vncviewer for machineintosh, vncviewer for Windows CE.
VNC is a mature application that can be run on the currently popular operating system, and it is also easy to install. If you want to use VNC, you can link at http://www.uk.research.att.com/vnc/ download.
Based on security issues, VNC can also operate well under SSH. For details, see the following page: http://www.uk.research.att.com/vnc/sshvnc.html, which explains how to pass SSH Use VNC. Network security tool
With the development of the network, network security is mentioned in a very important location. Due to the traditional Telnet, FTP, etc., the user's password is transmitted directly on the network without any encryption. If someone runs something such as Sniffer in the network, the user's password can be obtained by them. This requires us to use a more secure remote login system.
The currently available security remote login software has SSH, where SSH1 is a free package, and the package name is SSH-1.2.27. SSH @ SSH2 is compatible with SSH1, but it is a commercial product that uses to pay a certain fee. Since the SSH uses an encryption mechanism when the data is remotely transferred, the malicious user gets the user's password and data.
The SSH software is divided with the client and the client, the server is more unix packages, and the GNU has transplanted version 1 into the NT environment. The client can be UNIX or a Windows system. The following brief introduces several SSH-based remote terminal packages and some FTP packages that can run based on SSH.
The download address of the SSH1 package can be searched in any of the search engines (type SSH1). SSH2 packages can be downloaded directly from www.ssh.com, with versions prepared for non-commercial users, personal users can download. SSH2 current version is SSH2-2.4.0.Tar.gz, a Windows system-based package is SSH2-Win_2.40.EXE and SSH2WINSERVER.2.40.EXE. If you want to install the client in a Windows system, just download SSH2WIN_2.40.EXE. In this package, in addition to providing a secure remote login package, secure file transfer is also available. Please refer to the installation instructions in the package, as long as the installation instructions are followed, usually will not encounter problems.
With this tool, network administrators don't have to worry about username when conducting remote system maintenance, and the password is steadped. Other similar tools also: SECRURECRT (remote terminal emulation of SSH), SecureFX (file transfer tool supporting SSH), etc., its download address is: http://www.vandyKe.com/download/index.html.
Other similar software download addresses: http://winfiles.cnet.com/apps/98/terminals.html.
to sum up
If you use Telnet on the LAN in the company to remotely log in to manage internal servers, you can choose the Telnet tools you bring in Netterm, CRT, and even Windows systems; if you often use the Windows system to log in to the company's internal servers using UNIX, The author suggests that you download CRT and you will find it after you have used it. This thing is really good.
If you are more than X Window Gorgeous Window Manager, I suggest you choose X Manager, it is the best X Server for Windows. Run it in Windows, connect CDEs using the Sun system, must definitely deceive a lot of people, they think you are using a high-end SPARC workstation (if there is a good display). The author has used other X Server for Windows, all have their own characteristics, but the best is the x manager.
If you are using a variety of operating systems in your company, then your best choice should be VNC, which is best to support the heterogeneous operating system. And the administrator can choose a variety of management methods, which can be remote control, or by browser control. The VNC package is also small, very simple installation, does not require too much configuration, suitable for use within the company. The security of VNC is poor, generally suitable for short-term configurations for remote hosts (on public phones), it is best to stop their services immediately after configuration is completed. The highest security should be to use SSH, which is developed specifically for unsafeness of the remote server. Using it, all the communication data of the server and the client has passed the encryption, all the data obtained by the network listener is encrypted data and cannot get true data. Moreover, SSH can define how the specified host can communicate, and the hosts that are not registered in the system cannot be connected to the server. SSH provides a large number of tools that remote users are very convenient when using the system, and users can also use third-party software that supports SSH2.
By adding appropriate parameters when compiling SSH2, the user can run the remote X application on SSH2. Basically, SSH has become a must-have tool for security communication between remote systems. However, there is also a shortcomibility of using data encrypted decryption technology in SSH communication, it is bound to reduce transmission efficiency. After all, encrypts the decryption requires time! In addition, there is a little, SSH configuration is for general users, some difficulties. However, think about it, it can improve the security of the system, so spend some time to familiarize with its configuration or worth it.
