GHOST V8.0 use detailed 【Operating instructions】
First, partition backup
Use GHOST to make system backups, have two ways of the entire hard disk (DISK), and partition hard drives. Click the local (local) entry in the menu, there are 3 submers in the menu pop-up in the right, where disk indicates backing up the entire hard disk (ie, the partition represents the single partition of the backup hard drive, and checks the files that check the hard drive or backup. Whether it may cause a backup or restore failure due to partitioning, hard drives. Partition backups are used as personal users to save system data, especially when recovering and replicating system partitions.
Select the local → Partition → To Image menu, pop up the hard disk selection window, start partitioning backup operations. Click on the white hard disk information strip in the window, select the hard disk, go to the window, select the partition you want to operate (without the mouse, the keyboard can be used to perform the handover, the Enter key is confirmed, the direction button is selected). Select Backup Save Directory Path and Enter the Backup File Name in the pop-up window, pay attention to the name of the backup file with the suffix name of the GHO. Next, the program will ask if it is compressed backup data, and gives three options: NO means that the FAST indicates that the compression ratio is small, and high is high, but the speed is quite slow. Finally, choose the Yes button to start a backup of the partition hard disk. Ghost backup speed is quite fast, you can complete it, the backup file is stored in the set directory in the GHO suffix name.
Second, hard disk clones and backups
The hard disk clone is backup and restore for the entire hard drive. Select Menu Local → DISK → To Disk, select the source hard disk (first hard disk) in the pop-up window, then select the target hard disk (second hard disk) you want to copy. Note that you can set the size of the target hard disk, GHOST can automatically partition and format the target hard drive in the set partition value. Select YES to start execution.
GHOST can copy the target hard disk to almost exactly the source hard disk, and achieve partition, formatting, replication system, and file one step. Just pay attention to the target hard drive is not too small, you must install the data content of the source hard disk.
GHOST also provides a hard drive backup function, which is to save the entire hard disk data into a file (Menu Local → Disk → To Image, then restore to other hard drives or source hard drives, this pair installation Multiple systems are very convenient. How to use the partition backup.
Third, backup restoration
If the partition data in the hard disk is damaged, the general data repair method cannot be repaired, and the system cannot be started after being destroyed, and the backup data can be fully restored without resetting the program or system. Of course, the backup can also be restored to another hard disk.
To restore the backup partition, select Menu Local → Partition → From Image in the interface, select the restored backup file in the pop-up window, then select the restored hard disk and partition, click the Yes button.
Fourth, local area network operation
LPT is passed through the parallel port, and there are two options below: Slave and Master, which are used to connect to the host and client. Network Basic Input Output System NetBIOS and LPT Similarly, there are two options for slave and master, and the role is the same as LPT.
Like the partition of Ghost, you will be a * .Gho file, then install the Symantec Ghost Enterprise version on a Win98, restart.
1. First make a GHOST network card driven start disk. Start> Programs> Symantec Ghost> Ghost Boot Wizard-> Network boot disk If your NetWork can generate a boot disk with PC-DOS directly in the list. (But the floppy disk of the version 6.5 often has problems, can't start successfully) If your NIC is not in the list, you have to build a dedicated Packet Driver. Add-> Packet Driver (in the network card driver) to step down step by step, fill in the IP of the workstation (GHOST must TCP / IP protocol). Finally, a floppy disk is generated, but this floppy disk still cannot be used, to change the autoexec.bat file, add a 16-based address after NET XXXX.DOS, such as 0x75, etc. Multiple computers only need to change IP in the Wattcp.cfg file: IP = 192.168.100.44
Netmask = 255.255.255.0
Gateway = 192.168.100.1
2. Run the screen from the Multicast Server at the Server side. First give Server a session name (alias) such as: BB, then select Image File is your gho file. Then-> Dump from client-> rtitions-> more options-> Fill in 50 in the CLIENT of Auto Start (if you want to copy 50 at the same time) -> Accept Client is completed, when your workstation reaches 50 Server automatically transmits * .gho files.
3. Details:
At present, quite a few electronic classrooms have a workstation without a floppy drive and a CD-ROM drive. In the case where there is no floppy drive, the optical drive, can the network hard disk clone when the software system of the hard disk occurs? PXE (Preboot Execution Environment, It is based on TCP / IP, DHCP, TFTP and other Internet protocols "technology-based function, let us find solutions. Below, let's explain how to use GHOST 7.0 to achieve PXE-based network hard drive clones.
Network hard drive clone process
The network hard drive cloning process is: On the workstation with a floppy drive, start the machine with a boot disk, connect to the server, using the GHOST multicast service (Multicast Server) to clone the image of the hard disk or partition to the workstation, which is achieved Non-disassemble, safe, fast network hard drive clones.
Implement PXE network boot mode
For workstations without floppy drives, optical drives, to implement the PXE network boot mode, you need to complete three steps:
1, the PXE start setting setting of the workstation
PXE network launch generally requires PXE Boot Rom on the NIC (PXE Boot ROT ROM); for some models of NIC, you can also write the PXE start code (boot code) to the motherboard's Flash ROM; and some online cards are integrated Brand machine (such as Tsinghua Tongfang Business Machine), can directly support PXE boot.
The commonly used RTL8139 chip's network card, its PXE start setting mode is: When the machine starts pressing the SHIFT F10 according to the screen prompt, select PXE in the start type, turn on the network boot option.
2, make PXE boot files
Making the startup file of PXE, recommend 3COMical DABS (Dynamic Access Boot Services). DABS provides a powerful PXE boot service, management, but online for download is a 30-day trial version. So, we only use its launch image file making function, and by Windows 2000 Server's DHCP server provides PXE boot service.
DABS can be installed on any machine running Windows. After installation, run 3COT Image Editor, the main interface map appears. Select "Create TCP / IP or PXE Image File (CREATE A TCP / IP or PXE Image File", a dialog window appears. Named the upcoming image file, for example: PXEGHOST.IMG, other default options, place the normal network boot disk into the floppy drive, select [OK], create a PXE start image PXEGHOST.IMG file.
In the main menu of 3COT Image Editor, select "Creative PXE Menu Boot File (Creat A PXE Menu Boot File", select [Add (Add)] in the window, join our startup image file PXEGHOST you just created. IMG, in the Options tab, you can set the menu title and wait time.
Select [Save]], start the file to the saved PXE menu, named pxeMenu.pxe.
3, server PXE start service settings
Windows 2000 Server's DHCP service supports two startup protocols: DHCP and BOOTP. We can set the following three options: only DHCP, only bootp, both. If our local area network provides dynamic IP address assignments by other DHCP servers, then "BootP" is selected here; if you need this server to provide dynamic IP address assignment, you need to select "both."
Next, set the startup file name. Configure option "067: Start File Name" in the Scope Options of the DHCP Server, string values start the file name pxemenu.pxe for the PXE menu we created. Note: The file name does not contain the path.
The DHCP server just notifies the bootp client to the BOOTP client, what way the client downloads the boot file? The answer is that TFTP services are required. 3COM's DABS contains a TFTP service component, of course, you can also download a free TFTP server software for a long time.
In the setting of the TFTP server, specify a service directory. Put the PXE startup file PXEGHOST.IMG, PXEMenu.pxe is placed in the TFTP service directory. The TFTP server is set to automatically run.
GHOST multicast clone hard drive
Run the GHOST multicast server now, the task name is RESTORE. After setting, press the [Accept Clients] button. Starting to accept the hard drive workstation to receive the hard disk clone, if the above steps are correct, the PXE start should be enabled, and the task is added to the multicast clone. After all target works are connected to this task, press the [Send (Send) button to start the clone task.
V. Parameter settings
Parameters can be set in Options. Let's take a brief introduction:
1. Image Write Buffering: Turn on the write buffer when establishing a backup file; 2. SURE: After selecting this, no longer have finally confirmed inquiry (it is recommended not to select this);
3. NO INT 13: After selecting this, no interrupt 13 (not selected by default);
4. Reboot: After the hard disk or partition operation is complete, the computer is automatically restarted;
5. Spanning: Back up files through multiple volume architectures (turn off write buffering);
6. AutoName: Automatically named the spanning file;
7. Allow 64k Fat Clusters: Allows 64K FAT clusters (support only in Windows NT);
8. Ignore CRC Errors: Ignore CRC errors;
9. OVERRIDE SIZE LIMIT: If the partition size does not match, it can be ignored;
10. Image Read Buffering: Opens the read cache when generating a backup file (check this item when default).
Six, software features
Storage medium
Ghost supported storage media beyond our imagination, it supports peerful LPT interfaces, peer-to-peer USB interface, peer TCP / IP interface, SCSI tape drive, portable device (JAZ, ZIP, MO, etc.), CD burner (CDR) , CDRW), etc. These features do not require any outer drivers and software, just a floppy disk can be done! Especially for the support of the disc sound recorder, today's recorders and blank discs are very cheap, which is very suitable for the purpose of backup.
2. Compatibility
GHOST has good support for existing operating systems, including FAT16, FAT32, NTFS, HPFS, UNIX, NOVELL and other file storage formats. Unlike previous versions, GHOST 2001 joins the support for Linux EX2 (FIFO file storage format), which means that Linux users can also use GHOST to back up the system.
3. Supporting software
A.Ghost browser
In the previous GHOST version, we can only make simple backup, copy, restore, to recover a single file and folder, and use the top Ghostexp software. Symantec has now integrated GHOST browser in the software. Ghost browser uses an interface similar to the resource manager. With it, we can easily quickly find the files and folders we want in the backup package and restore.
Using Explorer, you can back up the entire hard disk or a single hard disk partition, click the cylindrical icon on the toolbar, pop up the hard disk or partition selection dialog window, then select the stored directory of the backup file and enter the name. It should be noted that non-registered users cannot use backups.
It is very convenient to manage the hard drive backup file in Ghost Explorer. First, select Open a backup file (file / open), then the files in the backup are listed in the program interface window like the resource manager, which can be viewed in it, open the file, or find the file, or will A file is deleted (but you can't delete the directory).
The Method of restoring the hard drive backup file is provided in Ghost Explorer. The most convenient method is to use the mouse button to click on a file. Select Restore in the pop-up menu, then enter the directory you want to restore, so that a single file is from the whole The disk backup is restored. Of course, if you want to restore the entire disk backup, simply select the top-on-the--disk icon in the left directory list, then click the restore icon (second) in the toolbar. B.GDisk
GDisk is a newly joined utility that completely replaces FDISK and FORMAT, features:
* Fast formatting.
* ###### and display partition. This feature allows more than one main DOS partition, and the operating system on each partition has different versions. ###### The ability of the partition makes the computer accustomed to the selected bootable partition, ignoring the installation of the same operating system in other ###### partitions.
* Comprehensive partition report.
* Highly secure disk erase. Provides disk erase options that meet the US Department of Defense Standards and Higher Security Standards.
Unlike fdisk using the interactive menu, GDisk is driven by the command line. This provides a faster configuration disk partition and the ability to define GDisk operations in a batch file. At the same time, dozens of parameters will make ordinary users' headache, so the author does not recommend general users, Symante should also introduce the corresponding GUI (Graphical User Interface) console for users to use. Specific parameter description You can use the command line gdisk /?
C.Live Update
Live Update is a general upgrade program for Symantec companies that check the Symantec software installed in the current system and upgrade the software over the Internet.
When installing GHOST 2001, the installer automatically upgrades the version of the Live Update program.
Seven, command line parameters: (GHOST unmanned backup / recovery / copy operation)
In fact, Ghost 2001's function is far more than those displayed in its main program, GHOST can add numerous parameters to the command line they launched to implement more features. Command line parameters are quite complicated when using, but we can make batch files, thus "one-year-old" (similar to unmanually installed Windows 98 and Windows 2000). Let us now know some common parameters (learn more detailed parameters to view GHOST's help files).
1.-RB
This time the GHOST operation ends automatically restarts. In this way, you can get relieved when you copy the system.
2.-fx
This time the GHOST operation ends automatically returns to the DOS prompt.
3.-Sure
A prompt or warning for all required confirmation will answer "Yes". This parameter is of certain hazards that only recommend advanced users.
4. -Fro
If the source partition is discovered, the prompt is thoroughly enforced and copied. This parameter can be used to try to save data in the bad drive of the hard disk.
5. @ filename
Specify TXT files in FileName. The additional parameters for GHOST in the TXT file, which can be limited without the limit of 150 characters lines in the DOS command.
6.-f32
The source FAT16 partition is converted to FAT32 (provided that the target partition is not less than 2G). Winnt 4 and Windows95, 97 users are cautious.
7.-bootcd
This option allows the disc to be guided when the file is backed up directly to the disc. This process needs to be placed in the boot disk.
8.-Fatlimit
Limit the NT's FAT16 partition to 2G. This parameter is useful when copying the Windows NT partition and does not want to use the 64k / cluster of FAT16.
9.-span
Split parameters. When the space is insufficient, copy another backup package to another partition.
10.-auto
If you do not prompt, you will automatically give a file name to continue execution. 11.-CRCIGNORE
Ignore the CRC Error in the backup package. Do not use this parameter unless you need data in the backup package, do not use this parameter to prevent data errors.
12.-IA
All images. GHOST will back up all partitions on the hard disk.
13.-IAL
All images, similar to the -IA parameter, backups on the Linux partition one by one.
14.-id
All images. Similar to the -IA parameter, but includes boot information of the partition.
15.-quiet
Status updates and user intervention during operation.
16.-script
You can perform multiple ghost command lines. The command line is placed in the specified file.
17.-split = x
Divide the backup wrap into multiple points, each slog size. This feature is very practical, used for large backup packages onto the mobile storage device, such as copying a 1.9G backup package to 3 crates.
18.-Z
Save the content on the disk or partition to the image file to compress. -z or -z1 is low compression ratio (fast); - Z2 is high compression ratio (medium speed); - Z3 to -Z9 compression ratio is in turn (speed in turn).
19.-clone
This is a core parameter that implements GHOST unmanned backup / recovery. Use the syntax:
-clone, Mode = (Operation), SRC = (Source), DST = (Destination), [SZE (Size), SZE (Size) ...]
This parameter is more complicated and spaces between parameters cannot be included. Where Operation is an operation type, the value is available: Copy: Disk to disk; load: file to disk; dump: Disk to file; pcopy: partition to partition; pdump: partition to file.
Source means operating the source, the value is available: the drive letter, from 1; or the file name, you need to write an absolute path.
Destination is the target position, the value is available: the drive number, starting from 1; or the file name, you need to write an absolute path; @cdx, recorder, x represents the driver number of the burner, starting from 1.
Below examples:
1. Command line parameters: ghostpe.exe -clone, mode = copy, src = 1, DST = 2
Complete operation: Copy the local disk 1 to the local disk 2.
2. Command line parameters: ghostpe.exe -clone, mode = pcopy, src = 1: 2, DST = 2: 1
Completion operation: Copy the second partition on the local disk 1 to the first partition of the local disk 2.
3. Command line parameters: ghostpe.exe-clone, Mode = LOAD, SRC = g: /3prtdisk.gho, dST=1, SZE1=450M ,SZE2=1599M, Sze3=2047M
Complete operation: loading the disk 1 from the image file, and adjust the size of the first partition to 450MB, the second adjustment is 1599MB, and the third adjustment is 2047MB.
4. Command line parameters: ghostpe.exe -clone, mode = pdump, src2: 1: 4: 6, DST = D: /PRT246.GHO
Complete operation: Create an image file containing only the selected partition. Select partitions 1, 4, 6 from disk 2.
8, some examples
Ghost.exe -clone, Mode = COPY, SRC = 1, DST = 2 - Sure Hard Disk
Ghost.exe -clone, Mode = pcopy, SRC = 1: 2, DST = 2: 1-SURE
Copy the second partition of a hard disk to the second partition of the second hard drive
Ghost.exe -clone, Mode = PDUMP, SRC = 1: 2, DST = g: /bac.gho
Put the second partition of the No. 1 hard disk into the image file in the G partition
ghost.exe -clone, mode = pload, src = g: /bac.gho: 2, DST = 1: 2
In the image file of two partitions from the inside, restore the second partition to the second partition of the hard disk
Ghost.exe -clone, Mode = pload, src = g: /bac.gho, dSt=1: 1 -fx -ssure -rb
Restore C drive with the bac.gho file of the G disk. Do not display any information after completion, start directly
Ghost.exe -clone, Mode = LOAD, SRC = g: /bac.gho, dSt=2 ,sze1=60p ,sze2=40p
Restore the image file to the second hard disk and modify the partition size to 60:40
Auto Restore Disk:
First do a boot disk, contain config.sys, autoexec.bat, command.com, oo.sys, ghost.exe file (can be done with the program that can be started with Windows). AutoExec.bat contains the following command:
Ghost.exe -clone, Mode = pload, src = d: /bac.gho, dSt=1: 1 -fx -ssure -rb
Using the file automatic restore on the D disk, the GHOST is automatically exited after the end, and restarts.
Automatic backup disk:
Ghost.exe -clone, Mode = PDUMP, SRC = 1: 1, DST = D: /BAc.gho -fx -ssure -rb
Automatic reduction disc:
Contains files: config.sys, autoexec.bat, mscdex.exe (CDROM executive), Oakcdrom.sys (Atapi CDROM compatible driver), ghost.exe.
Config.sys content is:
Device = oakcdrom.sys / d: IDECD001
AutoExec.bat content is:
Mscdex.exe / d: IDECE001 / L: Z
Ghost -clone, Mode = LOAD, SRC = Z: /BAc.gho, DST=1: 1-2 - RB
The example can be modified according to the following detailed description:
1. -clone
-clone must be added to the use of parameters, which is also the most practical in all switch {batCh Switch}. Below is the parameters defined by Clone:
Mode = {COPY | LOAD | DUMP | PCOPY | PLOAD | PDUMP},
SRC = {Drive | file | driveartition},
DST = {Drive | file | driveartition}
Mode specifies which Clone to use commands provided
Copy hard drive to hard disk replication (Disk to disk copy)
Load file is restored to the hard drive (File to Disk Load)
DUMP makes the hard disk into an image file (Disk to file dump)
PCOPY partition to partitioning (Partition to Partition Copy)
PLOAD file restore to the partition (File to Partition LOAD)
PDUMP partition backup The image file (Partition to file Dump) SRC specifies the location mode and significance of the source partition used by GHOST runtime. An example of the parameters used by the mode command SRC:
Copy / Dump source hard drive number. Take 1 to the first hard disk
Load image file name. G: /back98/setup98.gho or device name (Drive)
PCOPY / PDUMP source partition number. 1: 2 represents the second partition of the hard disk 1
The PLOAD partition image file name plus the partition number or the drive name plus the partition number. G: /back98.gho: 2 represents the second partition in the image file
DST specifies the target position mode and its meaning used when running GHOST. An example of the parameters used by the MODE command DST:
Copy / DUMP destination hard disk number. 2 represent the second hard disk
Load hard disk image file name. Example g: /back98/setup98.gho
PCOPY / PLOAD destination partition number. 2: 2 represents the second partition of the hard disk 2
PDUMP partition image file name plus fragmentation number. g: /back98/setup98.gho: 2
Szen specifies the size of the partition used:
n = xxxxm Specifies the size of the Nth destination partition to XXXXMB. Such as SZE2 = 800M represents the size of the partition 2 is 800MB
n = MMP Specifies the size of the Nth destination partition as the MM percentage of the entire hard disk.
2.-FXO When the source object is bad, the forced copy continues
3.-fx When ghost completes the new system's work, it does not show Press Ctrl-alt-del to Reboot directly under DOS.
4.-IA fully performs replication of sectors to sectors. When a partition is replicated by an image file or by another hard disk, GHOST will first check the source partition, and then determine whether to copy the file and the directory structure or to make an image replication (sector to sector). The preset is this form. But sometimes, the specific location in the hard disk may put some files related to system security. Only methods of replication in sectors to sector can be copied correctly
5.-PWD and -PWD = X to the image file encryption
6.-RB After restoring or replication, let the system restart
7.-Sure can be used with Clone. GHOST does not display Proceed WITH DISK CLONE-DESTINATION DRIVE WILL BE OVERWRITEN? Tip Information
Nine, precautions
1. When the backup system, a single backup file is preferably not more than 2GB.
2. Before the backup system, it is best to delete some useless files to reduce the volume of the GHOST file. Usually useless files are: Windows temporary folders, IE temporary folders, Windows memory swap files. These files usually take up to 100 more hard disk spaces.
3. Before the backup system, organize the target disk and source disk to speed up the backup speed.
4. Before the backup system and before the recovery system, it is best to check the target disk and source disk, correct disk errors.
5. When restoring the system, it is best to check if there is important file to be restored to the target disk that has not been transferred. Don't wait until the hard disk information is covered, it will regret it.
6. When selecting compression ratio, it is recommended not to select the highest compression ratio because the maximum compression ratio is very time consuming, and the compression ratio is not significantly improved.
7. After the software and hardware is installed, it is best to re-create image files, otherwise it is likely that some inexplicable errors occur after recovery.
