The second letter to Chinese students: From excellent to Excellence Li, December 2003
When I left China three years ago, I am in the "a letter to Chinese students", I discussed some topics that everyone care about and combined with their own learning and work experience, how to treat opportunities for young students. , Academic, work, others, etc., elaborate my personal opinion. I propose integrity and integrity, active awareness, communication and communication, and strive to learn these personal qualities at a lifetime.
In these three years, many Chinese students have e-mail, after-speaking questions and answers, discussions, and other channels (for example, in the TV program "conversation"), I often mention "how to become talents". For this question, I have organized many materials and integrate this "second letter".
Personal quality or "values" mentioned in the first entertainment force is the necessary basis for the material. However, in addition to the quality, it is necessary to lead the leadership (LEADERSHIP). Many people mistakenly think that leadership is most important to Tianjin, appeal, and management. However, according to my personal experience, and recent research conclusions, if you want to be a successful leader, the most important thing is not your IQ (IQ), but your emotional business (EQ). The most important thing is not to be a convincing leadership, but to be a leader with "modest", "persistent" and "courage".
This "the second letter to Chinese students" is written for those who wish to improve their own basic skills and leadership articles necessary for successing themselves. The first part reiterated the topic of personal qualities discussed in "a letter to Chinese students"; the second part explains the most important emotional business in leadership; the third part gives excellent leadership must have, It is different from the basic characteristics of ordinary people.
How to improve personal qualities
Integrity and integrity
How is a person's character decided this person to the value of society. In all factors related to character, integrity is the most important point. Microsoft is very emphasizing integrity when employing people, and we only hire those most trusted people. Last year, when Microsoft lists the "core values" expected to employees, honest is listed as one.
After I published "First Letter", I once had a classmate. Why is a company to involve employees? I replied: This is for your own interests. For example, a candidate said to me when he can join Microsoft, and he can bring him in the inventive results of the previous company. For such a person, I will not hire him regardless of his technical level. Since he can harm the interests of the previous company when you join Microsoft, he will definitely damage the interests of Microsoft after joining Microsoft.
In addition, one classmate saw "Dialogue" asked me, why will I put integrity before wisdom? Do we want to measure employee's integrity and their wisdom to give integrity than higher proportion? In fact, our measure is in direct work objectives and will not do direct measures for integrity or wisdom. However, as the first "core value", integrity is our most basic requirement for employees. We will not hire people who don't have integrity. If an employee has a serious integrity problem, he will be fired immediately.
When a company attaches great importance to integrity, employees must be more trustworthy. Therefore, the company can fully trust employees and let them play their talents. In Microsoft, managers at all levels of the company will develop their careers to their employees, and fully trust, support and help employees at work and life. As long as it is a person in Microsoft, Microsoft will trust him 100%. Unlike some software companies to the fact that the employee is defense, the employees within Microsoft companies can see many source code, contacting many technical or commercial confidentiality. Because of this, I have a trust of the company, Microsoft's employees have more responsibility and higher work enthusiasm for the company. Cultivate active awareness
Frankly, China's students and staff are more introverted types, and they are not active enough in learning and work. At school, students often need the teacher to arrange learning tasks, or study in accordance with the teacher's ideas. In the company, Chinese staff often have to wait for the boss to do anything, after doing it, they started working. In addition, many Chinese are not good at marketing and promoting themselves, which is probably a great relationship with China's cultural atmosphere since ancient times.
However, if you want to succeed in modern enterprises, you must strive to cultivate your own active awareness: Be brave in your work, take the initiative to set your own goals for yourself, and continue to improve your way; in addition, you should cultivate yourself The ability, in front of leaders or colleagues, it is good at expressing their own advantages. After researching results or technological innovation, they must share with colleagues or peers through speeches, presentations, exchanges, papers. It is also committed to recognition. . Only a proactive person can succeed in the changing competitive environment, only those who are good at showing their own can get real opportunities in their work.
Objective, direct communication and communication
Kaisheng Brigade exchanges and communication is the most important link in teamwork. People with people cover, unsecaling, unable to dialing is a non-destroying the work atmosphere in the team, hindering the normal communication between team members, and ultimately leads to projects or business failures.
For example, when discussing the problem, all the personnel attending the meeting should be honestly exchanged, so that the correct decision can be made. If a person does not dare to express his own point of view because of some other factors (such as unwilling to refute the opinion of the superior leaders), the only one is only the Ino, I will go to the bathroom to say that "I don't agree with him." I don't agree with him. " Views ", those who worn out the work of the mask can not only stick to their own point of view, but also destroy the communication and exchange channels within the company, and have a negative impact on the work.
Microsoft has a very good culture called "Open Communication", which requires all employees to open their minds in any communication or communication, completely express their own point of view. When Microsoft meets, everyone must be expressed, otherwise the company may miss the opportunity. When the Internet started, many Microsoft leaders did not understand, and they did not agree that there were too much effort to do this "not to earn money" technology. But there are several technicians, they constantly propose their opinions and suggestions, although their boss does not understand, but still support their "open exchange" rights. Later, their voice quickly reached the ear of Bill Gates, and promoted Bill change the company's direction and thoroughly supported Internet. From this example we can see that this open communication environment is very important to Microsoft's capacity and innovation capabilities.
Thorough open exchange also has a shortcoming. Open communication sometimes causes a fierce debate or even quarrels, and the noisy is sometimes not honing the language of others, it will destroy the relationship between people and people. Therefore, Microsoft's president Steve, Steve Ballmer, in the core values of Microsoft last year, proposed that we have to improve this open exchange culture into "open and respectful". This requires us to respect each other when communicating with each other. When we don't agree with the other party's opinion, we must use a constructive language to be proposed. Challenge yourself, learn without end
From a college student to a programmer, then to a manager, learning is never ending in the growth process of software talents. During the university, we have to make the foundation, cultivate our own quality and ability; after work, we should strive to learn new technologies and accumulate related experience in actual work; even if you have embarked on management positions, we should continue to learn Continuously improve yourself. The software industry itself is a new technology every day, the new concept is born, full of vitality and creative industries. As a software industry, if you only know that you will be closed, you will be able to be eliminated by the market.
Many Chinese students like to compete with others, but this competition is more representative as a "zero and game", which cannot make yourself and others really improve. I suggest that everyone can compete with themselves - don't always want to win others, but strive to surpass yourself and keep progress in your own level.
In the process of learning, it is the most important. From the software industry's demand for talents, we must learn the two basic disciplines of mathematics and English. Mathematics is the foundation of all engineering sciences, whether it is the development of software products, or software technology research, a large number of mathematical methods and mathematics principles. English is the international language in the software industry. To understand the development trend of international software technology, master the latest research results, or conduct technical exchanges with foreign counterparts, you must master English listening, speaking, reading, writing, Skilled in our work to use English to solve the problem.
Emotional and leadership
Classmates want to enhance their Leadership Skills (leadership). From my experience and some recent research results, the most important thing in leadership is the so-called "emotional" (EQ).
IQ (IQ) reflects people's wisdom levels, and emotions reflect people's emotional, emotional self-control and coordination skills. In high-tech enterprises, everyone knows the importance of wisdom, but the importance of emotions even exceeds IQ. I have seen an article, the author of this article surveyed 188 companies, and he tested the IQ and Emotion of each employee in these companies in a psychological method, and linked the test results and the performance of the employee. Conduct analysis together. After research, the author found that in terms of the impact of personal work performance, the influence of emotional business is twice the IQ. In addition, he also analyzed senior managers in the company. He found that in senior managers, the influence of emotions for personal success is 9 times the IQ. This shows that if I have a higher emotional index, I have a higher emotional index, but I have a high IQ, but the people who are inadequate, it is difficult to become a successful leadership.
What is a Chinese?
In modern society, if you only know IQ, you don't know that you are at least conscious. Many psychologists have long stated that the standards of using IQ using IQ are inspected to accurately predict that this person may have achieved in their career. In order to fully examine personal capabilities, especially to examine individuals in social life, psychologists present the concept of emotional business.
Emotional business is mainly personal capabilities related to understanding themselves, control emotions, motivate themselves, and handling interpersonal relationships. Among the various capabilities described in the emotional business, conscious, co-care, self-discipline, and interpersonal relationships are a key factor in the decisive role of the success of modern people. IQ is given innocent, but the emotional business can be cultivated. Multi-flowers understand and apply the key factors of these four empties. In addition, because the emotional business is not clear, I suggest that I can understand the opinions of others to your opinion, absorb more people (especially those who have high emotions).
conscious
The Chinese often say that people have some other things. This is actually said that everyone in social life should have a clear understanding of their own quality, potential, special, defect, experience, etc., there is a role that may play in social work life. Clear positioning. Psychology is called "consciousness" in psychology, which usually includes aware of their own emotions, understanding and correctly assessing their qualifications, capabilities and limitations, believe in their own value and ability. .
There is a "self-conscious heart" in my subordinates: he has some abilities, but he is very high, always is not satisfied with his current position, and it is self-discipline, always dissatisfied. For a few more time, he thought I didn't know, I didn't reuse him, I decided to leave my group and expect to seek high in other groups in Microsoft. However, he finally found that he not only couldn't find a better job, and the colleagues in the company were quite a micro-speaking, and they thought he lacks self-knowledge, expectations and reality are too far away. Recently, he left the company frustrated. People who take his position are a strong ability, and very "self-conscious". Although this person is not very successful when the last position is working, he understands that he is too fast, willing to be able to do this at first level in order to make the foundation. He is now very good.
Simply put, a person can not judge his ability to be too high, and you can't easily underestimate your potential. People who have judged high to judge it easily, advancing, not good at working with others, and have a big psychological drop when the cause is frustrated, and it is difficult to treat objective facts; Before, there is no courage to bear responsibility and shoulder, and there is no enthusiasm for the initiative. Whether it is the above situation, the potential of individuals cannot be fully played, and the personal business is impossible to achieve the greatest success.
People who have self-known Mingming can display their own specialty in front of others, and they will not deliberately cover their lack. Talking into your own shortcomings and ask others not only will not reduce yourself, but instead, you can show yourself humility and self-confidence, win the favor of others. For example, when a leader said to a staff member, "I am a expert, I am not as good as you, I want to learn more", the staff not only think that this leader is very modest, and it will be more trust in this leader because He understands your ability.
In Microsoft, everyone can help each other in technology, encourage each other in the work, no one in the sky every day, there is no one who consciously dwarf, this naturally creates a frank, open work atmosphere .
People who have self-knowledge will not fail when they have a setback, and they will not be complacent when they achieve results. The ability to understand self-and accurate positioning of self-value can not only help individuals find their right space and development direction, but also help companies build outstanding teams to work together. People who have self-knowledge make people feel that he is a confident, modest, sincere person.
empathy
Empathy is a relatively abstract psychology concept, but it is very simple to explain: The same heart refers to people who are often said to be the same as the mind. In other words, when a conflict or misunderstanding occurs, if the parties can think of themselves in the opponent's situation, it may be more easily understanding the original intentions of the other party, eliminate misunderstandings. We often say that "people are in the same heart, the heart is the same", which is this truth. The relationship between people is not fixed, and it is necessary to start from the perspective of care, understanding others. When doing things, leave space and room for others. When there is a misunderstanding, I want to think about others, take the initiative to reflect on my own negligence, courage Take responsibility. As long as you have the same care, we can avoid many complaints, blame, laughing and sneaky in your work and life, you can have a pleasant work and life in an environment full of encouragement, understanding, support and respect.
For managers in software companies, the most important thing to reflect the heart is to understand and pay attention to the idea of staff. To make the staff think you are a very well-known leader. Take myself, I will not blindly praise it in my work. If I don't move, I will give the staff some "very good", "good", "great", etc., but I will do it in the staff. When I got a score, I pointed out that his contribution to the company and put his performance in public. For example, I will give an electric email in the department to say that an employee has achieved excellent results in the last week of work, and in detail his work results, listed his work for the importance of the company, give specific specific value. Commendation. This way of exciting employees can truly win the trust and support of employees, which can have a huge impact on the cohesiveness of the company.
The same is also an effective way to understand and understand others. When I was transferred to the new department as a leadership position, more than 400 employees in the department didn't know. So I chose 10 employees a week, and I have a lunch with them. At lunch, I learned in detail the name, resume, working situation and their suggestions for their work. This information is very important for a department leader. After the lunch, I immediately arranged the relevant work according to the recommendations of the department, and sent back feedback to these 10 employees, telling them my handling method. My plan is to understand and understand each employee in the department, and reasonably arrange the work based on the adequacy of employee comments.
Self-discipline
Self-regulation refers to the ability of self-control and self-adjustment. This includes: self-controlling emotions or impulses, maintains a clear mind in front of the pressure; win trust honest, and clearly understands your behavior at any time will affect others.
Self-discipline is more important for leaders. As the leadership of the software company, to manage others, let the subordinates convince, you must start from self. This is because the leadership practice is usually the goals and examples of everyone. Every time the leadership will have a deep impression on the subordinates. If there is not good to handle it, it may cause negative impact. Especially when the company or team is in a critical moment, it is necessary to lead everyone to overcome difficulties. When the leadership is more impatched, if the leadersome is more impatient, they turn to the idea, everyone will lose confidence in leaders, the company or team also Will therefore fail.
Once, I have seen the two groups in the company will be merged. The personnel of the first group lack self-discipline, when the meeting said to his team, not his decision, he didn't know what to do next. This manager has no confidence in the future and guess your team may be layoff. The manager of the second group told his team to the company's benefits after the merger. He also frankly he didn't master all the information, but he promised to remind the upper level to make decisions as soon as possible. And, the second manager also tells everyone that he will do its best, help each employee arrange the most reasonable and fair way. The final result is that people in the first group quickly spread, their manager left the company, and the second group of managers took over the merged institution. Self-discipline must be based on integrity. In order to express the so-called "self-discipline", it is very unsaptable in front of others, covering their shortcomings. Only on the basis of the trust of others, it is strict from the discipline, widgets to treat people, in order to truly get respect and thumbs up others.
Interpersonal relationship
Interpersonal relationships include the influence of social interaction, listening to communication, dealing with conflicts, establishing relationships, cooperation and coordination capabilities, persuasion and impact capacity.
Some people in interpersonal relationships are neither. They are in the semester or celebration, as long as they can make friends with everyone in a short time. But some people do not have such talents. They often have intrinsic in social activities. I would rather be hiding in the corner and I don't want to take the initiative to talk to people.
I personally lack the tendency of interpersonal communication. In the past, I didn't think this is something wrong until I have encountered a very personal manager. The manager did not have a superman's wisdom, but he claimed to be almost every capable person in the company, and many of them became very good friends. I don't know how he did this, but I quickly discovered that his ability is very useful to the company. For example, when I need to select some staff to work to my department within the company, I can get many details about the staff; when working with other departments of the company, his interpersonal relationship network can also play a very large Role. Since then, I found that the ability to deal with interpersonal relationships is very important for one person, especially a leader. I start special attention to cultivating my own influence in interpersonal relationships.
Communication and persuasive capabilities are also critical in technology research and development. For example, we have developed an advanced technology to turn it into the company's products. This first is to convince the company's decision-making layer. We must prepare our product proposals and make the leaders who believe in the company. It is advisable to develop products through the wonderful speeches and live demonstrations. These tasks require us to handle interpersonal relationships, show yourself, affecting others.
From excellent to excellence
In the book "From Excellence to Excellence" (China CITIC Press, 2002), the author of the famous enterprise management (CITIC Press, 2002), discussed and analyzed a company or a leader of a company How to rose from excellent (Good) to the level of the Great). Collins and his research team took 10.5 people, read and systematically organized more than 6,000 articles, recorded more than 2,000 pages, and conducted a questionnaire survey on 1435 companies, and collected 28 companies for the past 50 years or even more. Early information, has made a wide range of qualitative and quantitative analysis, and how to make the company and the company's managers from excellent spanning an amazing and exciting answer.
According to Jim Collins, there are many outstanding companies and excellent leaders, and many companies can achieve good performance in their respective industries. However, if you meas out the company and individual achievements with excellent standards, you can maintain a long-lived, healthy and growing leaders who can have successful successful business. On the basis of success, the leader of a company will continue to increase yourself, so that your business will continue to grow, so that your personal ability will move from excellence to excellence, you must work hard to cultivate yourself in "modest", "persistent" And the quality of these three aspects of "courage". Modesty makes people progress. Many leaders are only emoticated in their work. They can't listen to others, they can't tolerate others and their opinions. These do not know how to be modest, but they can achieve temporary success, but they can't make progress in their career, reach outstanding realm. . This is because a person's power is limited. In the changing business environment, the leader must constantly learn, good at integrated the opinions of others, otherwise it will fall into the quagmire of the orphan, and is eliminated by the market. Bill Gates is a very modest person. For example, after each speech is over, please write a speech to analyze what shortcomings in his speech so that the next improvement.
Perseverance means that we insist on the correct direction, sneakers, unwavering determination and will. Whether it is company, it is still a person, once it is recognized, it must work hard to work in the direction of the direction. I can't get a real success in the work of giving up or giving abandonment or in the three priests. After the Windows 95 operating system has achieved great success after the Windows 95 operating system, Bill Gates still adheres to the development of enterprise-class Windows NT and Windows 2000 operating systems. This is because he saw the broad prospect of the enterprise market and the huge potential of Microsoft in this regard. After several years of development, Microsoft's enterprise operating system finally succeeded in the market originally used by UNIX, now all Windows products, including personal operating systems have been built, more secure, reliable Windows. The NT architecture is above.
Successful people need enough courage to face challenges. Any business achievements are not easy to get. One person wants to be outstanding in the work, it must face a variety of difficulties, and must face the career setback and failure. Only those who have courage to face reality, have courage to meet challenges can truly realize their own goals and achieve superior realm. As Mark Tween said: "The courage is not lacking fear, but the ability to defend the psychology."
in conclusion
Many people think that in IT and other high-tech fields, Westerners have more good, so the Chinese can only obtain a place in the Western corporate culture. Indeed, some new ideas, new ideas, and independent local culture in the IT industry have different differences (for example, Western cultural straightforward communication and active participation).
However, from this article, we are not difficult to find that some of the most important, most basic qualities needed to success, and the traditional virtues of China. In the Forbidden City, I saw the "Zhengdao Guangming" plaque, the meaning is "integrity and integrity"; "learning without end", "people have a self-knowledge", "the heart is compared to the heart", "strictly believe in self-discipline, width to treat people" It is the morality of China's history; interpersonal relationship is the secret of success in China's success; and the most important "modest", "attracting", "courage" is the direct embodiment of Chinese traditional culture. Therefore, I think Chinese EQ is not less than Westerners, and I am very optimistic about China's excellent talents.
