Lu Xianheng
People do not have mathematics operations in daily life. If you use one to ten 10 to write poetry, you must have fun, it is a beautiful. If the mathematical problem is also expressed in the form of poetry, it is also a lively, humorous and interesting. Mathematical poetry is beautiful, novel in form, not only can open people's thinking world, but also get beautiful enjoyment and learn some mathematical knowledge.
Embed ten numbers into the poem, open the "Cross Poem", the first to promote the "Mongolue" of Shao Yong (Kang Festival) in the Song Dynasty:
Go to the second and third miles, four or five smoke villages,
Pavilion six seven, eight ninety branches.
A few pens, depicting a pleasant rural picture, and later became the poem of ancient children enrolled in the writing of the school, and the counting of children to learn one to ten is a mathematical science poem.
In the Qing Dynasty, the Emperor of the Qing Dynasty had a swim to play the water, touched the snow, touched the scenery, the mouthful of digital poems, and the image portrait the scene of snowflakes and Luhua:
A piece - another piece, two pieces of four or five pieces,
Six or ninety pieces, there is no observation.
Qing Dynasty woman poet He Peiyu did a good digital poetry, using ten words, not repeated, and the scenery written.
A flower, a fish, a fish, a shiny sun, a bird.
One mountain in a mountain, a temple, a yellow leaves.
In the Ming Dynasty, Jiangxi Ji Shui people Luo Hong first, Nai Jiajing years. Once he took the boat to Jiujiang, he was in charge of a boy, and the first couple written by the boatman is:
One lonely boat, two merchants, three or five sewers,
Pulling the seven-eight-page flavor, there is ten miles in Jiujiang.
This pair, after hundreds of years, no one can derive it. The ancients also used ten numbers to make a pair of Zhuge Liang's tops:
Collecting two states, eight arrays, six seven, before the five places,
Click on the forty nine lights, only for rewards.
After this is written, the unmanned unmanned no one has been used, and some people use five and five lines, and finally the following:
Take Xiqi, Ding Nanbu, East and the West refuse, the Chinese military account,
Golden Tuen Turia, the water surface is fired.
According to legend, Su Dongpo and the scholars went to Beijing to take the exam, because of the big water, the vessel is difficult, and the time of delay, the eye should be late, the scholars:
One leaf is lonely, takes two or three people, enabling four slurry five sails,
Through Janan Seven Bay, the calendar is breeze, it is very late.
Su Dongpo also used a number to advise:
Ten years of cold windows, enter the nine eight colleges, throw seven emotions,
After studying the five books, I have taken three times, I must be in today!
From a number to ten, the following is in a few to one, not only the numbers are used, but also to read the students in the cold window, and the difficult expression of going to Beijing is exhausted.
Mathematics is very abstract, and it is boring, how to make mathematics easy to understand, for people love, in this regard, Chinese ancient mathematicians make a lot of trials, songs and mouth is one of them. Starting from Yang Hui, Yang Hui, Ding Ji, Jia Heng, and Ming Dynasty, in the Yuan Dynasty, Liu Shilong, Cheng Dianting, etc., the form of songs, and a variety of mathematics issues in the form of poetry. Zhu Shijie's "four yuan Jade", "or" summonate "has twelve mathematics issues, which are proposed in the form of poetry. Such as the first question:
Today, there is a square pool, and each face is four squares.
The two sides of the branches are in shape, and the water is 30 inch.
One foot of the East Coast, no one foot on the water.葭 葭 齐 齐 齐 齐 齐,? 三 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般 般
The fourth question:
I have a pot of wine, carrying tour of spring.
Double in the store, everywhere.
The shop member has three places, there is no pot of wine.
Borrow this pot, when the original wine.
The "Algorithm" "Algorithm" in the Ming Dynasty is a popular mathematics book, but also the representative of the number. The "Algorithm is unified", and it is widely circulated in the Ming Dynasty, and the popularization of folk mathematics knowledge is outstanding. This book has taken a lot of time for more than 20 years. He is originally a businessman. It is a businessman who collects books and text books. Poetry, let people go abroad, strengthen the parent-like affinity.
The famous "Miss" has a "Money" problem. This questionnaire is: "There is noware of the number, the three or five left, the remaining three or five, the remains of the seven seven, the question is a geometry?" Later, there have been a lot of interesting names, such as "ghost valley", "Han Xin Point", etc. Cheng Local is in the form of poetry in the "Algorithm Universities" and writes the mathematical solution:
Three people are seventy thin, five trees plums,
The seven sub-group is in the middle of the month, in addition to the 100th 5th.
This poem includes a famous "remaining theorem". That is, the remainder of 3 divided by 70, plus 5 divided by 21, plus 7 divided by 15, and the result is more than 105, the multiple of 105 is reduced. The result of the above problem is: (2 × 70) (3 × 21) (2 × 15) - (2 × 105) = 23
This issue also has a poetry method in a notebook in the Song Dynasty:
Three-year-old child seventy thin, five leaves Yichao.
Seven degrees of methabited meetings, the cold food is clear.
The ancient times said that the first month of the first month of the top, so the Yuan Yuan refers to the 15th, but also known as the winter solstice is clear, and the cold food is the day before the Ching Ming Festival, so the cold food is clear. 105. The two poems are the same, the answer is 23.
There is also a similar binary equation of drinking mathematics poems in a similar binary equation:
The drinking customers have been chaos, and the thin wine is thick alcohol.
A good wine, a bottle of drunken three passengers, three bottles of thin wine.
I have a joint drink together, and thirty-three passengers are drunk.
Try the high Ming energy, how many alcohols?
This poetic question is to say: a bottle of wine, you can drunk 3 guests; three bottles of thin wine, you can drunk a guest. If 33 guests are drunk, they have a total of 19 bottles of wine. Try: How much bottle is good, the wine is it?
There is a "detailed algorithm" in the Yuan Dynasty, there is a "detailed algorithm" to see the law:
The ancient quantity field is more runk, and the rope is fully equipped.
Although there is a general law, only Fang Tianfa is easy.
If you see the scroll and concave, you will directly take a replenishment.
It will be ruined as the field, and the two or four thousands of laws are strong.
Ming Dynasty Nanhai Talent Miwen's mathematics poems for Su Dongpo "bird homing map":
Another natural one, three or five six or eight.
How many birds in the phoenix, I am a thousand stone valumes!
After operation: "There is a natural one again", it is 1 1 = 2. "Three or five six or eight, 3 × 4 = 12, 5 × 6 = 30, 7 × 8 = 56. The four sets of numbers plus the sum, it is 100. This poem is like a intellectual game, With a wisdom. China is the hometown of the abacus, today in the computer has been commonly used, the ancient abacus still plays an important role. The generation of beads and the songs of mathematics are not open. In ancient times, people use a small wooden stick to calculate. Called in calculation. The so-called compound is generally used by the same bamboo sticks, and the number of different lines is used in the vertical and horizontal manner. It is a way of ancient four arithmetic. When is the beads? By the progress of the beads What conditions do you need? There are various kinds of simple algorithms that have been applied in the early days, and the "Returning Song", "Returning the Song", "Summon", etc., "2nd, 5, all I'm familiar with the songs, this is what everyone is familiar. This kind of song is originally seen in Yang Hui's "Right Division Brainstorming Algorithm" (1274). Its form and the presence of the mouth of each sentence This is different from this mouthful of popularity. Later, Zhu Shijie "Algorology Enlightenment" (1299) volume "Returning the Song" 36 sentences and now the beads of the beads are roughly the same: a return, one entry. See Cheng Ten. The second addition is five. On the twenty-one. Three thirty-one. Three three sixty two. Every three into the ten. Four two two. Four two. 4372 All four into ten. Double the five. All five into the ten. Six hundred and thirty two. ... Nine is returned to each other. Every nine into the ten. With "Treatment" After the song, after the computation of the multi-fold method, each number, according to the song, it is worth it. Not enough, there is "a trick", the divisor, the divisor, the first digit of the first digit, and "hit the" song " With a variety of simple algorithms, after having a song, it is very backward after calculation, and the mouth is called: "2nd Add 5", but put the original position into five, you have to add a root Into four consolidations, I can't drive my mouth, so people use a thick bead to replace a rootary calculation, then put it up, turn the beads to replace the calculation, and distinguish the top of the beads below the beads Come, here, take the same ten, above, this is a very convenient and convenient. In the Song Dynasty, the famous painting "Qingming Shanghe Map", painting has a pharmacy, and there is an abacus on the front counter, confirming the pain in the painting It is a series of serial abacus with modern use abacus shape. Liu Xin's "Mr. Liu" in the end of the Song Dynasty, there is a five-character quantument question in "abacus":
Do not write business dance, stop the cake song.
The painting is still hurting, how is it.
This shows that the abacus has been used in the Song Dynasty. After decades, Cheng Da was written in 1592, it was written in the 17 volume of "algorithm", of which the bead calculatory method, the addition and decrease, the song, the extension of the song, and did not modify it again from the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Today, people still use these methods and songs.
