The power consumption of hardware is increasing, AMD and Intel are also constantly launching flagship level processors, so that the PC is particularly urgent. The power supply is the normal operation of the PC. The quality of the quality has a great impact on the computer system. Maybe everyone can experience, friends are more focused on the CPU processor, motherboard, graphics, display, etc. part. However, if the power supply of poor quality is directly related to the stability of the system, the service life of hardware is not annoyed because of the little loss? Although the development of technology can reduce the CPU's power, high-speed hard drives, high-grade graphics cards have made a part of the power supply difficult to load, so that users have a lot of trouble. From this point, no one can take lightly, but how to choose?
First, power weight
Through weight, it is often observed whether the power is in line with the specifications. In general, the good power housing generally uses high quality steel, good material, thick, so heavier power supply, material is better. Parts inside the power supply, such as transformers, heat sink, etc., the same is better. A well-used heat sink used should be aluminum and even copper heat sinks, and the larger the volume, the better the heat dissipation. Generally, the heat sink is made into a comb, the teeth are deep, the more open, the larger the thickness, the better the heat dissipation. Basically, it is difficult for us to see the heat sink without disassembling the power, so an intuitive way is to judge from the weight. A good power supply generally add some components to improve the safety factor, so the weight will naturally increase. Inferior power supplies will save some capacitors and coils, and the weight is relatively light.
Second, the transformer
The key part of the power supply is a transformer, and a simple judgment method is to see the size of the transformer. Generally, the position of the transformer is in two heat sinks, according to the common sense, the 250W power supply transformer coil has no less than 28 mm, and the power supply of 300W should not be less than 33mm. It can be used to measure its length in the outside of the outside, you can know It is not really used. After the current passes the transformer, the current is output by the rectified output coil. At the current output, you can see the rectified output coil, and multi-manufacturer uses two item numbers 10262 and 130626, and the rectified output coil of 250W power supply should not be lower than the rectified output coil of 10262. The rectified output coil of the 300W power supply should not be lower than the rectified output coil of 130626. Next to the upright capacitance in the power supply, there will be a black bridge rectifier, and some use four secondary tubes instead. In terms of stability, the stability of the power supply of the bridge rectifier.
Third, the fan
Fans play an important role in the power work process. The scattered film is only distributed into the air. If the hot air does not disperse in time, the heat dissipation effect will be a big discount. The arrangement of the fan determines the heat dissipation ability. The fan of the traditional ATX2.01 version of the PC power supply is heat-dissipated by extravagance, so that the heat in the power supply can be discharged in time, avoiding heat in the power supply and chassis, can also avoid external dust from the exterior dust Enter the chassis. There are two specifications of the average PC power supply: Sleeve Bearing and ball bearing, the former is quite quiet, but the latter has a long life, of course, if you use a maglev, it is better!
In addition, some quality power will adopt a double fan design, such as an 8 cm fan in the inlet wind, speeds up the air flow rate. However, it is a dual fan design, there is a disadvantage that it will increase the heat inside the power supply, bringing noise. For this manufacturer, the vendor will use high sensitivity to warm the bass fan. The heat-sensitive diode with the fan can adjust the speed of the fan according to the different temperatures in the chassis and the power supply. The second is to increase the air of the air, so that the power entry fan The exit fan is operated at different speeds to ensure that the hot air from which the power supply is generated and the hot air is discharged in time. Moreover, the air flow that the fan can be driven in unit time has a direct relationship with the heat dissipation effect. There is no special instrument. It is difficult to consider, so it is generally simply a speed of the fan, which in turn becomes power and converted to the current. Generally speaking, the rated current becomes an important indicator of the purchase. Under the same voltage, the higher the current, the higher the fan power, the stronger the wind, which is the only judgment standard when our purchase. The 8 cm 12V DC fan used in general power is used as an example, and its rated current is typically between 0.12 to 0.18A.
Fourth, safety specifications
When using the PC power supply, it is possible to pass the wrong or short circuit. In addition, the power supply itself may fail. The output voltage is not normal. In this case, in order to prevent or reduce serious consequences, the power supply is able to stop working, this is the protection of the power supply Features. Therefore, in the design and manufacturing of the power supply, the safety specification is a very important ring. There are two aspects of the protection of the power supply, one is to prevent burning other accessories, and it is necessary to protect itself from damage.
Protection of the power supply is mainly overvoltage and undervoltage protection, that is, when the output voltage of the power supply is high or low to abnormal, the power supply will stop working. This is very important for the whole machine, because all expensive parts, such as CPUs, hard drives, etc., it is easy to burn out due to excessive voltages.
In order to prevent this, the output voltage monitoring of the power supply is required. The power designer's approach is to sample the output voltage by sampling the circuit, and the sampling signal is connected to the control portion by a comparator. Once the output voltage is abnormal, the sampling signal is immediately reflected, and the notification control part is shut down. This can effectively protect the main board, CPU, memory, hard disk, and optical drive and other valuable components. Whether the power supply has fast overvoltage protection for the whole machine. In order to prevent excessive current, the power supply is provided with a fuse.
The main work of the fuse is that when the current is suddenly too large, the fuse can be burned first. As long as the fuse can continue to use the power supply, the resettlement method of the fuse is very important, and it is necessary to design a replaceable, and now there are some manufacturers to save costs. Direct the fuse directly on the PCB (printed circuit board) of the power supply, and once the fuse is burned, the entire power supply will be scrapped together.
A good power supply uses a fire prevention PCB. When purchasing a power supply, you can find a fire-free PCB using a fire prevention material through the heat dissipation hole. Generally, the fireproof material of the number 94V0 can be used, which can resist 105 degrees. As for the 94v1 fire prevention material, it can be taller. In addition, heat shrinkable films are required to protect the heat shrinkable film outside of each part of the power supply to prevent short circuits from moisture or dust. If not, it is easy to fail.
Some famous brand manufacturers use two sets of independent overvoltage protection circuits to ensure non-overvoltage, and even use triple overvoltage protection.
V. wire and heat dissipation hole
The wire used by the power supply is thick, and it has a big relationship with its durability. Fine wire, long-term use, often burned due to overheating. In addition, there are more or less heat dissipation holes above the power housing. During the operation, the temperature will continue to rise, except that the heat dissipation hole is also an important facility that increases air convection through the fans attached to the power supply. In principle, the larger the heat dissipation hole area of the power supply is, but it is necessary to pay attention to the position of the heat dissipation hole, where the position is placed to discharge the hot gas inside the power supply. Sixth, suction, design of the wind
There are many pores on the housing of the power supply, and the hot air in the chassis is from these pores to the outside. The intake portion of the general power supply is on the output line side, which can generally draw hot air near the 5-inch drive, but the internal structure of the chassis determines whether it can smoothly absorb the inner plate of the cabin. In addition, another problem with this design is that the intake hole is exactly the inner coil of the power supply, and the gas flow of the capacitor is considered to be greatly hindered, which in fundamentally affects the capacity of hot air in the electric suction chassis. However, this design has a significant advantage that air from the outside will flow through the heat sink, which can improve the heat dissipation effect of the heat sink. For the above problems, some vendors have improved over the traditional basis, and the gate holes are opened at the bottom of the power supply, and the area is large. The hot air produced by the plate can be directly inhaled by the gate hole, which is completely uncontrolled by the chassis structure, and its inhalation capability is significantly reserved. Alternatively, the internal airway of this design is also very smooth, and the spatial space from the air supply is completely open.
The design of the air outlet has a great impact on air flow. The grating bar of the general power supply is wider, and the flow of air has a large obstacles, and some power supplies use a sparse steel network, and further reduce the obstruction of air under the premise of ensuring safety.
