Author: Zhongguancun online world chess line
In fact, the Times of the Internet has already arrived, just limited to the problem of connection rates and costs, many people don't really use it, enjoy it. Today, various connection methods and increasing connection rates make people enjoy the impact of Broadband Networking and give us the impact of our lives, study, and work. Let us live Virtually live, work, enjoy the era of broadband!
Before learning the broadband network, we need to understand the history of the network, which is beneficial to our in-depth understanding and using the network!
First, the use of Internet
Internet is a method and means of communicating with each other in the world. It is the carrier and transmission system of information. It is a link to the world's computer and is also a powerful "tool". It is the largest computer network in the world, almost covers the entire world, which combines news, communications, entertainment, and resources, and is a highway for information exchange in modern society. Enterprises can not only request a lot of business information from the Internet, but also to show themselves to the international community through Internet. It is the world's largest coverage, the most user, the most resources, the most practical computer network.
The information of the Internet is very large, we can not only treat it as a computer network, but to treat it as a huge, practical, enjoyable source of information. We also hope that you will understand the internet as a society that faces all beings, millions of people around the world can communicate and share information from Internet. You can send or accept email communications; you can have contacts with others and request information; you can publish an announcement on the Internet, promote your information; you can participate in various special group discussions; you can enjoy a lot of information source and software resources.
Second, Internet development brief history
With the first decade of the world's first electronic computer in 1946, the number of computers was extremely expensive. The early so-called computer network is mainly to solve this contradiction, the form is to connect a computer directly connected to several terminals, and we can also see this way as the simplest local area.
The earliest Internet is established by the US Department of Defense Senior Research Project (ARPA). Many concepts and methods of modern computer networks, such as packet switching techniques come from Arpanet. Arpanet not only conducted a packet exchange technology of leased lines, but also a packet exchange technology of wireless and satellite networks - the result led to TCP / IP adventism.
1977-1979, Arpanet launched the current form of TCP / IP architecture and protocol. Before after 1980, all computers on the Arpanet started the conversion of TCP / IP protocols, and established initial Internet with Arpanet. In 1983, all Computers of Arpanet completed the conversion to TCP / IP and implemented TCP / IP on UNIX (BSD4.1). Arpanet's largest contribution is the development and application of TCP / IP protocol. In 1985, the National Science Fund NSF used TCP / IP protocols to be distributed in six supercomputers around the United States, and supported regional networks to form NSFNET. In 1986, NSFNET replaced Arpanet became the main network of Internet. In 1988 INTERNET began open. In June 1991, in the computer connected Internet, commercial users surpass the academic users for the first time. This is a milestone in the history of Internet development. From then on, the Internet is incomplete.
Third, China's Internet
Dram Development of 1.Inter
The development of Internet in China can be divided into three phases: the first stage is 1987-1993, and it is also a research test stage. During this period, some of China's research sections and colleges began researching InternetInternet technology, and research on scientific research topics and scientific and technological cooperation, but network applications in this stage are limited to small email services.
The second phase is 1994 to 1996, and it is also the starting phase. In April 1994, China's education and scientific research demonstration network project entered the Internet, which was officially recognized as a country with Internet in China. After that, Multiple Internet of Internet, CSTNET, CHINAGBNET, started in the national scope, and the Internet started to enter public life and got a rapid development in China. By the end of 1996, China's Internet users have reached 200,000, and the business and applications carried out by Internet will gradually increase.
The third stage from 1997, it is the fastest stage of Internet in my country. Domestic Internet users have basically maintained a double-year growth rate every half year after 97 years. Increasing to today, online users have exceeded 10 million. According to the statistical report released by the China Internet Information Center (CNNIC), as of June 30, 2003, the total number of users in my country's Internet users was 68 million. This number has increased by 8.9 million in early year, an increase of 22.2 million compared with the same period in 2002.
China has five commercial INTERNET backbone units with independent international access lines, as well as non-profit Internet backbone in the fields of education, science and technology, economic and trade. There are more than 600 network access service providers (ISPs), including 140 cross-provincial operations.
With the improvement of the network base, the use of new technologies in user access, the various ways of the eight-way approach and the increase in operator service capabilities, the bottleneck problem that the access network rate is slow, will be further improved, the Internet speed will be more Fast, thereby promoting more applications online.
2. Improvement of future development
Despite such good results, the government is also a deployment of China's INTERNET's future development, understanding them is very useful for our future broadband life:
(1) According to the "Telecom Ordinance" and the "Internet Information Service Management Measures" issued by the State Council, the revised network management regulations are revised, and new regulations are continuously improved and developed according to the development of network development;
(2) Expand the network size, optimize the network structure, avoid repeated construction, so that the network is integrated, broadband, intelligent development;
(3) In terms of basic networks, it is necessary to further introduce competition mechanisms to promote price reduction, improve services, and solve the problem of bandwidth of this restrictive network development nature;
(4) Let's take advantage of social resources, such as libraries, public databases, etc. to enrich online Chinese content;
(5) Pay very important to network security issues. At present, domestic colleges and scientific research institutions have a number of research plans to study, and some achievements have begun to apply.
(6) Strengthen the link between China and the international network community. The Chinese education and research department have begun research on the next generation of INTERNET. The first generation of Internet is mainly developed by foreign research. China starts late, but through efforts have gradually drawn closer to international level.
Fourth, the opportunities and challenges brought by the Internet
Internet has brought an extraordinary opportunity to the world. Humans have experienced agricultural society, industrial society, and is currently moving into the information society. As a result of further important strategic resources after the material and energy, its effective development and full use has become an important driving force for social and economic development and an important production factor for economic development. It is changing people's production methods. Working mode, lifestyle and learning way. First, the network shortens the distance of time and space, which greatly accelerates the delivery of information, so that the various resources of society are shared. Second, the network has created more opportunities to effectively improve the production efficiency of traditional industries, and vigorously pulled consumer demand, thus promoting economic growth and promoting productivity. At the same time, the network also provides a good platform for cultural exchanges at all levels. The Internet has indeed created a miracle, but behind the miracle, there is an increasingly prominent issue, which gives a great challenge. For example, the gap between the rich and the poor is beginning to expand, and wealth allocation is unequal; the openness and globalization of the network promotes the sharing of human knowledge and the globalization of the economy. However, network security and information security have become a very serious problem; the competition of the network has become a competition and talent competition in the state and business in the country; the global circulation of information has increased, which has also exacerbated cultural penetration, all countries Work hard to defend your network culture. China has a long culture, how to make this thick culture extends on the network, this problem is particularly prominent.
There are still other problems in China 's Internet development. First, there is still a certain gap between China Internet and abroad. On the total number of users, the current global netizens have exceeded 200 million, half of which is in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Japan and other countries in China. However, there is already agency prediction, in the next few years, China's netizens will hung in the top five in the world, and even the top three, because the Chinese population base is too large, the penetration rate of network users is still very low. Network users in Canada, the United States and Japan have reached more than 30%, and China has only 1.4%.
Second, China's network scale is also a big gap between developed countries. However, with the increase in infrastructure, the use of broadband technology, there will be steady development on the network scale. Third, China's network management regulations are relatively lag and not perfect. According to the "Telecom Ordinance" issued by the state, the new regulations are not adapted to the new business, and the regulations are in place. Fourth, due to language and conceptual reasons, Chinese information resources also need to pay more efforts. In addition, China's network industry needs in-depth thinking and research in capital investment, business model, business philosophy, technological innovation. Successful ways in foreign countries do not have to work in China, so they can't move, and it is necessary to develop models suitable for China's national conditions.
