Indonesian hole dwarf is an evolutionary alien or a morphological person? Source: Beijing Science and Technology News
In 2003, a female fossil of a "point-to-dwarf" was discovered on Indonesia, known as "Flores". At that time, scientists believed that this is a new kind of original human beings that have never been discovered. This discovery immediately set off the waves of ancient human academic circles, because the existence of "Flores" has almost subvert the theory of the history of human evolution.
According to reports on the "Science" magazine on December 17, 2004, some people called this discovery called "The biggest discovery of the archaeological research", this breakthrough discovery will enable the scientific community to rethink human origin And evolutionary history.
However, some difficult puzzles in the new discovery have always made scientists have been confused. This became a topic that is no longer in several months from 2004 to 2005. This news has also been reported on this news.
After the debate against this discovery, some scientists put forward new challenges for the "Flus people" a new person, think that this "new primary person" may be a head. Modern people of small distortion. On May 19th, famous scientific magazines including "Science", "new scientists" have reported this. In order to understand more and another, the reporter interviewed Chinese and foreign anthropology experts, including scientists who participated in this study, Professor Maclaren, University of Rohan Ppton, United Kingdom.
News review
In Flores Island in Indonesia, people in the village have been circulating here, there have been a short, upright animal, they walk, the sound is small, but the amount is very large. The locals call them "Esto High", meaning "Nothing to eat". But scientists only use these statements as a rumor of people's animals for macaque.
Until In October 2003, a survey team composed of Australia and Indonesian researchers became the history of it. They found a deputy fossil in a cave in Flores Island. The remains of the remains were less than one meter, and they lived in more than 18,000 years ago.
The discovery of this fossil tells humans, and there is a short man in the earth in the earth with our modern people in 18,000 years ago. This skeleton is very complete in addition to less arms. Its pelvic structure indicates that this should be an upfet-feet animal and may be women, and the development of their teeth is an adult. However, her height is just a 3-year-old modern person; the most scientist is confused is that her brain is very small, only equivalent to the large brain of the smallest southern ancient. In addition, her generous pelvic and long femoral neck have the characteristics of primitive people. However, many aspects of this skeleton make scientists think of human, small teeth, narrow nose, skull's overall shape, and thickness of the head cover.
First conclusion
Discover independent evolution of new short people
In further research, the researchers have made this conclusion: she is a miniature, a new species of someone, and gives her a Flores. The Flores may be the descendants of an erect man, about 800,000 years ago, the erect man migrated here, but independently evolved into a short species in Floss Island, Isolated. This is the conclusion that the biologist has been drawn, the body is larger than the mammals of the rabbit, which will be small on the island, such as the dwarf icon (the dwarf sword in the Flores, about only now The size of the cattle), which may be a limited adaptation reaction that occurs.
Since then, there is an intermittently unearthed fragment, including another part of the adult skull, a mandible. Their era has been approximately 95,000 years ago. Based on this time, these Flus people and modern people have coexist about 40,000 years. The legend of Flores is perhaps it is an evidence.
At the same time, some questions have also appeared at these conclusions. The biggest question is that Flores is too small, such a small brain, and some tools discovered and the traces of fires, people who do you really have such strong power?
Latest view
The pocket dwarf is a sick modern man. When the Flores discovered in 2004, it has caused many scientists' interest in "Nature" magazine in 2004. Professor An Macralen, Rohampton, England, and her research team is one of them.
On May 26th, the reporter dialed Professor Macralen, she said to the reporter: "When we see this discovery in" Nature "magazine, we have doubtful. Florus The human brain is very small, like a chimpanzee or a very early human brain. We believe that such a small brain cannot be a recent human brain. "
Since then, Professor Macrala has started a series of research work with her colleagues, and proposed the modern people who have "header mallate", and have been put forward by the study of nearly two years. evidence of.
Identification questions
The brain weight is only one tenth of normal dwarf people.
In the team, there are many experts engaged in research. Professor Maclaren and her colleague Bob Martin is a primate animal scholar, which has specialized studies on growth body-shaped variation. This study includes the size of the body of the primary animals, including brain capacity, spinal morphology, and internal organs. They have measured comparison of the brains of a variety of short animals, such as the big brain capacity of dogs, and their fossils on some islands in the Mediterranean, find some dwarf icons.
She told reporters: "From this data, we calculate the brain weight of the short and upright human species should be around 2 kg, which is 10 times the weight of this Flores brain. Therefore, Flores should not It is a short bit, because their brains are too small. "
About the dwarf of large mammals in the island, Professor Macralen has questioned in the report: When mammals have dwarf disease, the narrow of the brain is much more slow than the short, and the size of the brain is a mammal The key to the type identity. For example, the book in the Congolei Idoli forest is only 1.4 meters, and they are the most short modern people in the world, and most of the Marseille people in East Africa can reach 2 meters. But the two-poor human beebrain capacity of these two heights have little variable, and the Brain, the Flores, is not in line with this statement.
Two identities
Through these verifications, Professor Macralen has two kinds of identity for this "points of dwarf". She told reporters: "One, she may be an individual who has a short-term malformed disease in a short modern person. In addition, it is possible to be a person in a normal modern population. And due to illness, shortage. "
Since there is currently only a complete skull fossil, Professor Macralen said: "I believe this is not the ultimate result, and the discussion and debate about the 'point of dwarf" will continue. "
Two evidence
Tools that use modern human skull with modern headcrackers
Professor Macralen tested a modern man skull with a small deformity in the Surgery Museum of Royal College of Royal College, her brain capacity is very similar to the brain capacity of "Point Dwarf" Flores.
In addition, some colleagues have proven that such patients can appear in the clinic in the current clinic.
Professor Maclaren said: "We have shown this' hole dwarf" from different angles. "It is a modern person with a small abrasion.
In addition, Professor Macralen's colleague Jim Phillips identified some of the tools found in the same cave, prove that these tools may only be used in modern human beings. That is, if there is such a group of brain capacity so small, making such a tool, it is simply incredible.
Key words
Textile disease
The header deformity can be divided into a small deformity and relative head small malformation. The truth is due to a common dielectric distortion, it shows that the brain is too small, or the brain development is obvious, and the fetus will stop progress in the fetus, the top of the patient is small, and the top is small. The amount, the head circumference is small, the maximum is not more than 43 cm, minimum can be 25 cm or less, the brain weight is below 900 grams, the forehead is often flat, the front is closed, the bones are all or partially closed early, body and intelligence Diving backwardness, language and behavioral development disorder, some patients have convulsions, muscle tension increased lymphatic, and even spasmity, their premises is inherently in full development, and acupuncture treatment can receive a certain effect. The relative head tear is also known as the pseudotype small deformity, due to inflammation, cerebrovascular damage caused by cerebral injury and brain atrophy, and the degree of decrease in the head circumference is slightly smaller than the true character. Chinese experts believe
Illustrated modern people conclusions are not reliable
Brain capacity does not completely determine intelligence
The Flores is the newcomer who changed the concept of traditional human evolution, or is a morphous modern person? In order to have more clear understanding of the footprint of human evolution, the reporter interviewed Dr. Li Fairi, a Ph.D., Ph.D., Ph.D., a Ph.D., a Ph.D., a Ph.D., which has also published a view of Professor Macrala #.
It is said that Professor Maclaren has published their own opinions. He believes that Professor Macralan can only represent the views of her and research group members. In this regard, Li Fajun also proposed its evidence ---
First of all, the Brain capacity of Flores is small, but this can't explain that they are not smart enough, they can't manufacture tools we think that only modern human beings can be manufactured.
Because brain capacity does not fully determine intelligence, the structure of the brain is more important, the Brain's brain is small, but its structure is very similar to the brain structure of modern people, it is possible to be full of wisdom as modern people. For example, the brain trench is very much. In addition, researchers have measured the Brain of Flores, found that Floris people's temporal leaves are even greater compared with the Ethers. In modern people, temporal lions are related to the ability to auditory capabilities and identification language. These have been reported in detail in "Natural" magazines.
The second point is that the study of a person is aimed at a group, not just an individual. Li Fair said that in the skeletal fragments discovered with the remains of the Flores people, the size of the other mandible, thickness, etc., the same as she is, explained, this should not be a sick individual If the Flus people belong to the mandibular bleak, then this prevalence is too high.
The third point is that in 2005, the Endendman Demani fossils found in Georgia have a bit similar to Flores, and their lives are 1770,000 years ago. According to the articles published in April 2005, the Skull of the Demani is also very small, and their temples and Flores have depressed characteristics. If the two people of the Demani and Flores are distant relatives, then the short Flores may be the descendants of the ecstasy, different from the wise people.
Deep thinking
Flores may indicate
Human evolution has experienced a lot of twists
According to the introduction of Li Fajun, Zhongshan University, according to the past fossil test, the age of human beings has advanced from 600 to 7 million years ago, the academic community will be roughly divided into the history of human evolution, can, people, ancient people, early wise people Several stages of advanced wise people. The advanced homers are similar from modern people from anatomical structures, and therefore also known as "modern people on anatomical structure", that is, our direct ancestors of human beings today.
Li Fair said: "But the time and place of the origin of modern people have been arguing. It is still controversial for the late wisdom of about 100,000 years ago. It is still a lack of full. Fossil evidence. "
