Computer Textbook: Write to yourself, or readers
Beijing University of Technology Computer College Jin Xiang
Since the 21st century, humans have entered the information age, and the demand for computer talents has increased. Under this major trend, in my country thousands of colleges and universities, in addition to a few very professional institutions, most of them have opened computers and related majors, and the student estimates may reach hundreds of thousands.
The huge market demand promotes the prosperity of computer textbooks, major publishers or introduction or organize teachers, and various computer textbooks have entered the classroom.
It is two mains, the market is prosperous, and it seems to be a good situation.
However, this is a thrilling appearance, really "Is it a big situation?"
First, the concerns of computer textbooks
1. The subject strikes and "self-staying" phenomenon
Can anyone say how many "C programming" textbooks in the country? Who can say how many "compilation principles" textbooks have been there? There is also a "data structure", "microcomputer principle", "software engineering", "discrete mathematics" ..., almost all computer professional backbone courses can list long writers. And these textbooks are almost a mold. From the catalog, the content is similar, and even the language written is also "familiar."
Obviously, the writing of the teaching materials seems to have entered the "industrial production" stage, and the textbook has become the product of "teaching materials production flow line".
However, I doubt that such a production line, I have a boutique textbook?
The status quo of the content of the teaching materials, gave birth to the "self-raising" phenomenon of various colleges in the use of materials, that is, the textbooks written by the school will prefer the teaching materials. Because most of the textbooks are similar, why don't you use your own? Make this decision to save time and effort, and you can say a series of "reasonable reasonable".
However, the "self-raising" phenomenon of teaching materials is objectively led to the promotion of excellent textbooks.
2. Serious face, rejecting thousands of miles
One of my friends has a famous saying - "The book is not K can't read it!" What he means is that the process of learning the textbook is very painful. To experience a process of "death", we can finalize the taste.
In my opinion, this is too exact.
We have too many textbooks, bosses, face, tested, refused to be thousands of miles away. In this regard, most typical is a strong textbook. For example, "Discrete Mathematics", most of the textbooks are filled with a large amount of abstract concept and theorem, and mixed the formal derivation and proof of large segment boring. If someone tells me such a book, he read "very enjoyable" , Then he is not a "mathematics genius" is talking with the words.
The "Discrete Mathematics Tutorial" prepared by the teacher of a famous university in Beijing, the writing style is relatively simple, but when it is too simple, it will increase the difficulty of reading. Think of the thinheads sometimes consumes a few hours. Just there is another "discrete mathematics and application" introduced by another machinery industry publishing house ("Discrete Mathematics and ITS Applications", Kenneth H.ROSen, is more close, and the thickness, this is a teacher written The book is 1.5 times, but in contrast, I would rather hold the computer with "Jinshan Word" to the thick "English brick book".
The famous teacher's teacher, she undoubtedly has a high mathematical level, and this textbook, I think it may be based on the foundation of the Peking University, and I will learn from the normal readers like me. It is undoubtedly an error.
Comparison of similar textbooks in China, I can't help but produce the following questions:
Why can't the domestic authors can't give more examples when writing, can not explain more popular? Why did the domestic authors do so, can you write a few words in the book, point the practice of these theories? Why do the authors in China cannot give the most important knowledge point in the textbook to help readers to grasp the context of this field? I sincerely hope that the domestic authors will think about it from the perspective of readers when writing textbooks. Don't make too much hypothesis for the knowledge and skills that readers have mastered!
Those who really have achievements, such as many major scientists say they have achieved their achievements, because they have a strong interest in their respective fields, and the famous mathematician Chen has said that he is "playing" mathematics. Can see such abstract disciplines as toys, no wonder
Over
Mr. can become a generation of mathematics!
Where is the interested interest in science?
Nowadays, parents and teachers, from primary schools to universities, unfair to add friends from online games. Why do so many students like online games? Very simple, because online games are fun, fun, let them have a sense of accomplishment, allowing them to escape to learn their career with painful schools.
Why do students think that learning is a bitter difference? The textbooks they have to be in the same day are such a cold look, which student will like it? This is a very natural thing.
Of course, no matter how it is written, the textbook is unable to be able to win like a game, but the writer of the textbook should always think about how many fun students learn more, less pain!
At present, most of the textbooks have nothing to say, this is not much, and everyone has an experience.
3. Is it writing a text?
The writing style of the teaching material is very different from the paper. However, there are some textbooks to write textbooks with the "papers".
The paper has a specific writing method. High-level papers may be expressed in a high-profile mathematics language, such as Einstein's initial papers related to the narrow relativity, it is said that there are few people who can understand in the world's scientists, not public It does not affect the level of the papers itself.
However, this "paperscript" uses this "papers" on the textbook, then I will enter the misunderstanding. The main purpose of the textbook is to spread knowledge, rather than declaring what new theory has been discovered to the world, how to make readers can learn more quickly, which is the problem that the textbook must consider.
In addition, there is a more serious problem.
Today China's universities have very emphasized the number of papers, too many people are busy. In order to publish a papers, there is a very bad paper writing style, I call it "shallow into the deep". The author did not do too much research, and there is no real results. For the paper more easy to publish, it is necessary to have a difficulty of reading the paper. For example, a question can be clearly used in a few words. To get around a big bend, plus N multi-numerical formula ..., others can't understand, huh, it is that you are not enough! Among the large numbers of papers, there are many "south"
Guo
Mr".
Since the textbook is also one of the indicators of promoting the approval of the high-level title, some people have a patchwork for this purpose, and naturally, the routine of the patchwork is naturally written, and it is natural. For this "freshly released" textbook, it can only use a word to describe - "Mr. Human"!
4 "Avanture Air Missile" from theory to theory
Computer science is inherently a very practical science. It is practicing the continuous advancement of computer science and technology, and many computer theories can find its practical basis.
Take the "Compilation Principle", which is introduced in many theories and methods in software development is a wide range: complex software such as a compiler, simple program such as a calculator; large-scale software such as modern software integration Development environment, small software, such as the parsing module of the four arithmetic formulas in a MIS system, can see the huge power of the compilation theory. However, too many compile textbooks are only non-re-applied, and a lot of literacy and automatic machine theory, Luo Luo, introduces various analytical methods, but it is "paper talk", from theory to theory, No wonder there so many students are confused: Why do I spend so many times to learn such a difficult course? what's it for? Is it only for the exam?
The acquisition and mastery of knowledge is an objective law. Generally, specific knowledge is easy to understand, and abstract knowledge is difficult to grasp. In the learning process, "specific à abstract à specific à ..." such an unlimited The process of cycling.
If someone knows not much to a discipline, he expects him to quickly grasp this discipline through theoretical learning, which violates the objective law of human knows the world.
Therefore, from the perspective of understanding, the writing of textbooks cannot be theoretical. You must introduce from an instance, then introduce the theory. The textbook should show the specific process experienced by humans in exploring a problem, and clarify the inner link between the dragon, clarify the inner link between knowledge, and help students get a relatively complete knowledge system in the process of learning. .
Second, the way to improve
So, how should I write a good textbook?
1 author wants to be responsible
Most of the author of the teaching materials are teachers. Keep in mind the teacher's responsibilities: pass, granted, and confused. We are responsible, misunderstanding, then sin is great!
This requires the author's thickness, and should not be written as much as possible for utilitarian purposes (such as promotion name). Of course, the reality is inevitable. You can only write as much as possible since you want to write.
I strongly oppose any practical development experience and people write computer textbooks. Sun is speaking: I don't know if I don't know, every battle is defeated. Such a person is not familiar with computer technology, and does not understand the real situation of students. How can it write a good textbook?
Another requirement to the author is to advance with the times. The development of computer theory and technology is too fast, so a good textbook should add new content in time. At this point, many classic textbooks in foreign countries are doing very well. For example, "Discrete Mathematics and Application" mentioned earlier, I am already the 5th edition on my hand. There is also an example, such as "Java How To Program" ("Java University Tutorial"), almost a new version of Java, which will also follow the contents of the book, and New version.
The third requirement is to interact with readers. The Internet is the most convenient means of obtaining readers' feedback information in the era of large popularity. Foreign famous textbooks, almost every website offers a variety of additional resources and answers to readers. For domestic authors, it is unrealistic to establish a separate website every textbook, but the least authors should leave an email address. At present, Blog (blog) is very popular, and many blog sites offer free blog services. I personally think this is a good reader and the author interactive.
2 What is the textbook?
The teaching materials and theory are different. The textbook is the basis for students 'learning. Its purpose is to give knowledge to students faster, so, from the students' perspective rather than teachers, let students "easy to learn", rather than teachers "Easy to teach" (of course, both of them should be taken into account, and the students are preferred). I saw that many of the textbooks were "teacher preparation to teachers", rather than "teachers to see students", this kind of textbook is almost unable to learn from the teacher.
For example, seeing a textbook has a "teacher manual" and "student textbook", or "formal textbook" and "counseling materials", I think this is a "all kinds of teacher-centered" teaching ideas. reflect. Its essence is that teachers can monitor more information than students in order to establish teachers' "authority", and students can only learn under the guidance of teachers, do you have this necessary? In this way, I am a little "Wu Dalang's opening store".
In the era of this information explosion, it is important to cultivate students' self-study ability. How can students not learn from teachers?
In addition, the textbook is prepared according to the "easy students to learn". In fact, it also helps teachers (especially new teachers) to understand the textbooks, thus making teaching work better and truly "teaching". "
3 is deeply shallow out is a good textbook!
A textbook that is suitable for students self-study, must be deeply outstanding. It is very difficult, and the premise is that the author must have a deep accumulation. I personally found that if you do eight words, the readability of the textbook can be greatly enhanced. These eight words are: good use metaphor, example is king!
A good example, better than a thousand words. Examples of how to help students master knowledge is not too much, especially for theoretical courses.
For example, "Database Principle" often wants to talk about database style, theoretical is too much, it is better to raise a student very familiar online course system, detailed analysis of different programs in database tables into database tables, Compare the advantages and disadvantages of each program, and then naturally lead the concept of paradigm and allow students to intuitively understand how to apply paradigms in the database to solve data integrity, redundancy, etc. in practice.
In another aspect, computer science theory and technology involves a lot of abstract concepts. When teaching to students introduce the concept of concepts, it is necessary to focus on scientific and stringency, and pay more attention to popularity.
In this regard, this rhetoric is very useful.
For example, when introducing the namespace concept in the C course, the "class" is better than the book, the "namespace" as a library or bookshelf, and the students will soon understand the meaning of this abstract concept.
There is also a stack in the "Data Structure" that can be metaphor into a feather tube, which is characterized by only a badminton from the opening and takes out of the opening.
When the Iterative Development Principle of Software Projects, you can use the "Rolling Snowball" to the evolution of the software project.
In fact, Chinese has rich performance, look at the work of the past and now the writers of various writers, is our textbook writer can't draw nutrition from these places, write the textbook as much as possible "Good"?
4 Teach people fish, not as good as fishing
"It is better to teach people to fish with fish."
The famous sayings of the ages have a profound reason.
Each field of computer science has some most important and most basic thinking methods. In the textbook, it should be committed to highlighting these very important ways to highlight them. Guide students to first understand this way of thinking, let them try to apply this way of thinking, and ultimately use this kind of thinking.
Therefore, good textbooks should allow students to understand different characteristics of different characteristics, rather than just paying attention to some specific knowledge.
For example, learning mathematics will let students know how to be universal from special to general, from known to knowing, knowing how to deal with the scientific reasoning methods from imaginary reasoning, master the contained contained from a large amount of data. Method of specific mathematical laws ...
Learning to make students know how to design a solution; in the specific development, facing the technical difficulties, what method is used to overcome it; understand why not pay attention to encoding during the encoding process Normative; know how to penetrate the relevant theory of software engineering into specific development practice ...
Only textbooks with this feature can enable students to master the way they do, and make their thoughts deeply and become a person with independent thinking.
I think, if the author can do the above, the quality of the textbook should be inextristic.
Third, write a feature - my textbook is written in practice
As a university's first-line teacher, I love teaching work and like to study software technology.
In my work, I have been pondering some questions about computer education. Some of the views in front of this article is that I gradually formed in teaching practices.
But if these views are correct, is it feasible?
This can only speak by practice. I decided to prepare a textbook to fully try me all the views mentioned above.
Starting in November 2004, by July 2005, I used a 9-month time to write a "unlike teaching materials" - "Programming Mystery - .NET Software Technology Learning and Practice", The appearance of traditional textbooks is very different.
The basic prototype of this book is my "Net Software Development Technology Basic" elective course in Beijing University of Technology. The course has been funded by Microsoft's 2005 "Microsoft College Boutique Course Support Program", teaching materials in 2006 1 Published by Electronic Industry Press.
During the writing process, I think the most is how to get out of the new road written by a textbook, explore some new textbooks, one sentence - write your own features!
After the book was published, I built a reader author exchange area on my blog (http://blog.9cbs.net/bitfan), and their own mailbox also received a lot of reader emails.
In the reader feedback information I received, most of this book is fully affirmed. In these readers, most of them are college students. Due to expensive book prices, readers have to save this book for half a month, and they have readers in the bookstore "station" A hour ..., I am very touched.
Students have given me a lot of encouragement for this textbook, I want to discuss these views publicly, this discussion is beneficial.
Regarding the writing of computer textbooks, it is a very big topic. Among some friends I know, there have been unique insights in this field. I have learned many inspirations from them, and this article only represents my personal right. Computer textbooks Written the results of the problem, there must be many biased things. Here, I would like to read this Xiaowen's reader Haihan. I welcome everyone to discuss related issues related to computer education. My email: Jinxuliang@bit.edu.cn.
This product is "brick" "brick".
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