Zhao Zhenzhen: Our universe
[host
The oldest and innocent science of human beings is probably not too astronomy and cosmology.
It's hard to imagine that when our ancestors have just stand up, in the face of such a vast, deep and grand sky, what kind of amazing and doubts will be sent out, and I have aroused thoughts and demonstrations.
A philosopher said: "If there is only one place on the earth, you can see the stars, then people around the world will be concentrated in this place." Humanity is born, curiosity, and finding the idea of the roots, maybe It is the most primitive and simple motivation of astronomy. Survival struggle and production labor's gradual dependence on astronomical knowledge, then reminded the older rational light and wisdom of humans.
Listening sunset, monthly, day and night alternation, four seasons reincarnation, what is the world's origin? Where is the ultimate the beginning of the sky? Almost every nation has its own creation myth, almost every culture tries to make its own explanation and answer.
Saying from the heart to say that from the classic to relatively, human beings are increasingly slamming their position in the universe and deepen their understanding of time, space and substances. Einstein said: "The world's most unaccompulus thing is that the world is understandable." Astronomical as science throughout the history of human beings, it also affects the development of each era philosophy and religion.
The huge scale that cannot be parsed makes astronomy can't be experimental science, people can only speculate and calculate according to the observed phenomena, but astronomy has always been a big harvest. Today, we can see the depths of the universe outside the 100 million light years, we can already send our aircraft to the Silver River Boss outside the solar system. This can't be said to be a natural miracle and the pride of humanity.
When I think of those who are in the night, they are extremely distant and huge entities, and the number of stars is more than the sand on the earth; I think of the Wanjia Lights in the Milky Way, we are warm and warm lights called the sun. It has grown your own civilization and looks towards the vast universe; I think that in countless destruction and creation, the universe constructed in accordance with accurate laws actually has such an intriguing structure and amazing harmony. How can we do not full of unlimited gods and awe of nature.
Only by establishing a clear universe concept, we can understand the fundamental order of the world. If you don't know what to learn from astronomy, you can't have a complete education.
"Talking about the mysteries of the world, the universe is magical". Our program will enjoy and enjoy the achievements of astronomy together, and jointly experience the farthest and magical soul.
First, beautiful earth
[host
Talking about the earth, our heart will have an infinite warm feelings. Although in the universe, the earth can only be counted in the sea, but she is our cute hometown, the only home.
Humans have aware of all the natural nature, they start from the earth. As a child of the earth, how much do we understand this planet with your own planet?
(Interview: Earth age, earth diameter, edition of the block)
[host
We all live in the earth without exception, but in the face of many of the problems related to the earth, what kind of answer should you make?
I hope that the following televisions can help us recall the fragmentation knowledge and enhance some understanding of the Earth.
[TV commentary
When the astronaut overlooks us from the sky, when the vibrant planet, the camera on the moon took a huge earth from the moonline, we will be thrown at the scene of the eyes. This is the beautiful face of our planet mother, this is our hometown of our human beings. Due to the atmosphere and water more absorbed red in the sun spectrum, this exquisite planet quietly gave a unique, fantastic blue.
How big is the age of the earth? This problem has tested the wisdom of many scientists. Some people think that the time of deposition rock is determined, and some people advocate the increase in salt concentration of sea water, and the most accurate and reliable, largest cosmic timer, obviously the number of radioactive elements. The time required for radioactive elemental decay is half-life, which does not change in external physical chemical conditions. For example, the uranium 235, half of the year is 50 million, and the half-life of the thorium 232 is 1.3 billion years, while the half-life of 铷 82 is nearly 5 billion years. From these isotopes and their decay products, we determined the most old rocks from the Earth - the history of Schpeling Lanzi, the history of 38 billion years. But this is clearly only the time of the Earth from "astronomical" into the "geological period". According to the measurement and comparison of the moon rock and the solar system, the height of our planet should be 46 billion. The ancients found that the mast of the ship is always the first to expose and finally hidden. The Sun and Moon Star will always rise from the skyline, and the shadow of the moon is always a curved shape in the moon. The earth may be a ball. Today we know that the average radius of the earth is 6378 kilometers. This is the size of the situation. Some people are 21 kilometers long and half a radius of the Earth, the Arctic to the stellate is 15 meters away from the Antarctic, and the earth is more than a pear. In fact, these tiny irregularities can almost ignore. The Earth's flat is only 300. From space, it is still a quite standard round ball.
When our rockets have already fly out of the solar system, our drill can only drill 12 km under the feet. This is the reality of "God has a road, there is no door". However, there is a change in the speed and direction of the seismic wave transmission, but it can disclose many secrets in the depths of the Earth with B-ultrasound. The earth is gradually evolved from a homogeneous sphere into four concentric spherical structures, namely kemb, external core, mantle and crust. The density of the solid core is 13 times the water, the temperature is 6000 degrees, and the pressure reaches 3.7 million atmospheres. According to the calculation, the substance present in this state can only be iron. The iron meteorite falling into the ground as a disintegrate planet, and it is also imposed that the Earth's kernel is composed of iron and nickel. Although the ingredients of the Earth's outer core are mainly metal elements such as iron and nickel, but there is a flowing liquid. About 3,000 kilometers thick mantles are mainly composed of olive rock, in a solid or semi-flow viscous state under high temperature high pressure. Thin crust is only 33 kilometers thick, and the upper part is granite, and the lower part is basalt. The thinnest spot is only 5 km. Some parts of the local shell have cracks, and the upper hot lava in the mantle is out, which is a volcanic outbreak.
The area of 70% of the earth is covered by seawater, with only 30% of the land area, which is also covered with rivers and lakes. I'm responsible for the name, and the earth is called water ball. If sorted according to the content of chemical elements, iron, oxygen, silicon, and magnesium can probably calculate four major families constituting more than 90% of the substances of the earth.
In 1912, the german meteorologist in the bed gazed to the world map, a great thought spark suddenly illuminated his vision. East coast of the West Coast and Canada, the East Coast of the Africa, the East Coast of the South America, although it is far from the Atlantic Ocean, but the outline is so similar and corresponding, if the splicing is almost completely consistent. Wei Gun bravely put forward the mainland drift. He believes that the land on the earth is originally connected together, called a Union or pan. In order to find a full scientific basis for your own theory, Weigerna rushed to investigate around the world. In 1930, in his 50th birthday, unfortunate sacrificed in the ice and snow in Greenland.
However, the mainland drift is once, but it is ridiculous to be considered ridiculous. Is the solid land like a raft of unlocked the cable, as arbitrarily assembled like a jigsaw puzzle? Until the 1960s submarine expansion studies, many evidence of ancient geology, ancient gas synthesis, and ancient biology have suggested that Wei Gun's theory will come to Dongshan. Since then, scientists integrate various observations and discovery of various isolation and discovery, using a unified version of the structural student to describe the clear picture of global kinetics. It turns out that the rocky circles of our planet are divided into six major blocks, namely the Asian-Europe block, the African section, the America, the Pacific section, the Indian block and the Antarctic section. The convection of the mantle material is like a huge conveyor belt, which carries the edition block slowly moved. Mutual collision between the blocks, misconduct, arching and taracery, forming a variety of mountains, canyons, tomography and ditch on earth. The Himalayas, the Himalaya of the Hemora, is the huge pleat of the Indian version of the bulk to the Asian section collision. Slearing rocks and three-leaf insects, sea anemools, sea anemos, etc., showed us 20 million years ago, it was once an ancient Zhongzhonghai. The earthquake is the release of stress in the push of the project. However, we must do not have to worry about the hit between the blocks like a bumper car. In fact, the speed of continental drift is slower than our nails. However, after hundreds of millions of years, these minor changes will make the world map face. How big is the quality of the earth? This problem also plagued the scientist for many years. The first person who is the top of the Earth is a British scientist Covendi. In 1798, he used a twisted scales to determine the average density of the Earth, and the quality of the earth was very close to today's recognized 60 trillion tons. There is an ubiquitous universal gravity, so that the planet must maintain the balance in the direction under the pressure of its own weight. So the sphere became a stable shape of all huge celestial bodies. On the earth, huge shear stability makes the height of all mountain peaks more than 11 kilometers. The centrifugal force generated by rotation allows the Earth equatorial part to slightly.
I have happened such a real story. After an European cargo ship arrived at the African terminal near the equator, it was found that the originally unmatched goods had less than a dozen tons. This "stolen case" made the detective personnel. Later, I found that it was a joke that was gravitated. The weight of all objects on the earth is the gravity of the center of the Earth and the synergy of the Earth's self-turning. The equator is far from the high latitude area, the speed of rotation is fast, and the "elimination" of this ship is inevitable. According to the calculation, the gravity of the poles is 0.53% lower than the equator.
Earth gravity is like an invisible chain, put us firmly on the ground. French famous sci-fi novelists Confucius. Verna wrote a cannon to take people to the moon to travel. At that time, he didn't know that the speed of the rocket only reached 11.18 kilometers per second to break free of the earth. This is the escape speed on the earth. I will understand this, which is conducive to understanding the situation of the atmosphere on the earth. In fact, if the sport speed of the gas molecule is greater than the speed of escape, our planet will be unable to attract them and can only run a variety of light. The average speed of gas molecules is proportional to their absolute temperatures, and the square root of molecular weight is inverse. Today, our concentrations and temperatures are capable of bailing molecules that seize oxygen and nitrogen. As for hydrogen and helium fido to hundreds of kilometers, you can only go to the space in space. Imagine if the quality of the earth is small, then our air will become uncomfortable, even no longer exist. If the earth is large, it may retain hydrogen and helium and generate a lot of methane, so that our air is completely unable to breathe.
Today's atmosphere is no longer the first generation of atmosphere when the earth is born. Earth billions of geological activities and life activities jointly created a relatively stable best formula: 21% oxygen, 78% nitrogen, 1% carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases. We live in the bottom of the air ocean such a thousand kilometers. It should be deeply grateful to the outstanding merits of countless green algae photos in the primitive ocean. They swallow the strong carbon dioxide and prepared the necessary conditions for the surging of the life tide on the earth, which is the formation of an oxygen ring. The famous American scientist Sargen said: "The sky on the earth is exchanged in life." Still knowing that although the atmosphere accounts for only one million earth quality, but it blocks the meteorite hit from space, maintaining the earth. Suitable temperatures, with water vapor pressure, ensuring that the free water on the ground is not evaporated, and filtered off the sun UV rays sufficient to kill life with the ozone layer of 20-60 km high altitude. This is why we are worried about ozone emptiness over the Antarctic ozone today. [host
We have seen a simple portrait of a globe. But the earth is not stationary, it is not only rotated around the shaft, but also around the sun.
The earth is not isolated, it is very close and complex in the sun and the moon. Therefore, we must further understand the Earth in the exercise, further understand the Earth in the relationship with the sun.
(Interview: four seasons, tidal, rose, moon, food)
[host
Why do you have a four-season reincarnation? Why is there a tide? Why do you have a richer food? There are still a lot of why.
Let us continue to look at the story of the earth.
[TV commentary
Our Earth is like a gyro, and the gear is rotated from the west to the west. It takes 23:56 4 seconds of flat sun for a week. So, we have the daytime, the night of the night, the sun and the moon, the East Raising.
In 1851, French scientist Fumo made a famous experiment. He hangs a 67-meter-long rope from the dome of the Funeral House in the Paris, and a 28 kg heavy pendulum is hanging. With every swing, the huge sand table on the ground leaves the traces of the hammer movement. It happened to obey the obvious things. This large pendulum did always press a straight line to return, but after a period of time, the direction of swing deflected a large angle. Fu Ke announced: "We saw the rotation of the earth." If this experiment moved to the Arctic, Fuke will turn 360 degrees from a day and night. And on the equator, swing will not defire.
People also found in the northern hemisphere, the rivers in the north and south, more rushing on the right bank, the train in the north-south is more likely to wear the right rails, and the shells launched in the North and South will also take a minute offset to the right. And in the southern hemisphere is just the opposite. This is the Corioli, which we said. The earth is not a inertial system, when rotated, the equatorial ground is 24 hours a large circle, but the extreme ground is not moving. The difference in the radius of the global high latitude and low latitude is the cause of Corioli. The flow of atmosphere cannot transcend this effect. When the air of the equator is heated, after a permanent low gas crush, the air near the back line near the high-pressure belt flows to the equator, and the role of Corioli is deflected in the direction of the role. So in the north of the Equator, the northeast wind is formed, and the Equatorials form southeast wind. This kind of miles of long-in-life have encountered Magellan and Columbus's voyage sails. Because it abides by credit, the age is constant, so it is called a letter. Of course, Corioli can only show weak influence in large-scale and long time. We don't have to worry that it will deviate from the Northern Dynasties.
In addition to rotation, our Earth is unwound along the ellipse of a small eccentricity of 29.79 kilometers per second. It takes 365 days to take 365 days and 6 hours. So the terrificial weeks of the earth will enter the new year.
The flames of the sun only projected 2.2 billion light on the earth, but this is enough for our planets. 1353 watts per square centimeter, we use this high-empty unit area vertical radiation to call the solar constant. The sun is a "boiler" that is "Earth Engine", which provides all the energy required for atmospheric exercise, water cycle and everything. We are engaged in agriculture activities, in fact, in the use of plants to harvest sunshine. The underground buried coal, oil, and natural gas can be seen as "sunshine cans" manufactured by Earth's live billions of years. There is no sun, and the vital globe will turn into a cold and dead world. Why is there a cold and heat on the earth, come to autumn? Among them, the mystery and the mystery have, which have a 23 degree branch of the Earth's self-rotating axis. When the north hemisphere accepted the direct sunlight of the sun, the Southern Hemisphere was facing the oblique photos of the sun light and rushed to the winter. The spring of the Northern Hemisphere corresponds to the autumn of the southern hemisphere, and the two hemispheres have got the same lot of sunshine. This is the origin of the four seasons. We called the north latitude 23 degree latitude tweet returns, and the latitude of 23 degrees 27 points was called the south to return to the south. It means that the sun is direct to this, and then start turning around and turns back. And the Arctic Circle, the Antarctic circle will have a long time to shine in the long-lasting sun, and it is half a year. Since the earth winding the day orbit is not a standard square, the Southern Hemisphere is slightly hot than the northern hemisphere, cold in winter. Some researchers believe that the superimposed effect of tens of thousands of gerbera changes and daily distance may be a macroscopic cause of the glaciers on the Earth.
In addition to the sun, there is no impact of the celestial to the earth than the moon. For thousands of years, the beautiful moon is always the material and poet of the text of my words and the source of the poet. But in fact, this "brevlion" is a very boring place. The moon is 380,000 from the average distance from the earth. 1737 kilometers of radius, the area is not as good as Asia, the quality is one of the 81 Earth, and the gravity is only 6 in the earth. The escape speed on the moon is only 2.38 kilometers per second, so you can't keep your own atmosphere. Billion years, the long-driven cosmosphere bombards the unfair moon, because there is no air and water to weathered and complimentary, and the full-eyed crater still maintains a problem when colliding. We call the "Moon Sea" is a low-lying plain. More than 33,000 annular mountains are the most eye-catching terrain features of the lunar surface.
The moon is undoubtedly the first to make us have a multi-star concept. Some people guess it is "captive" that is captured by the earth. Some people think that it is from the earth. It is said that the chisel of the Pacific is the "scar" left, and the moon should be regarded as the earth. Continent. More scientific interpretations, moon and earth should be formed simultaneously in the birth of the solar system. Of course, in accordance with the main star and satellite usual size, the volume of the moon is too large. It is better to see the moon as a generic star. In fact, the earth and the moon are mutual-monthly-monthly-monthly-monthly-monthly-monthly-monthly-monthly-monthly-monthly-monthly-monthly-monthly-monthly-monthly-monthly-moon. The track around the earth should be the track of the ground-month center. As for the path of the Earth's own walk, it is a very small wavy line.
Whenever we see the tide of the mountain inverted sea, it will amaten the power of nature and subtle mechanisms. The tide is the most intuitive demonstration of moon gravitation. We are easy to understand that the earth is close to the moon, and the central part is minimal, and the side of the moon is minimal. This gravity is different towards the earth to extrud and elongate. Thus, two waterstones are placed on one side of the moon and the moon. Due to the rotation of the earth, the two snaps relative hydracelets chase-the end of the row is constantly moving, and the tide is produced. The quality of the quality is far from the distance, and the tidal force is only one-third of the moon. When the day, the months and the earth are in the same line, the superimposed effect will make the tide high. In fact, as an elastomer, the rocky ring of the earth also has a solid tide. However, the variation is not large, "tidal peak" is only about 70 cm, and it is not easy to be perceived and perceived. There is also a change in the flow and pressure changes caused by the tidal effect, and it is submerged in the meteorological activity of the reasons, rich and multi-color. Tidal effect on the most profound impact of the earth lies in the friction of seawater flowing, the impact of the coast, the deformation of the rock circle, hinders the role of the earth, playing a pair of "brake pads". Although this force is very small, it will only slow rotation of the earth in 100,000 years, but we have to laigh a long "time leverage" outline. 600 million years ago, the Earth was only 9 hours a day, more than 800 days a year, and every dayday was 20 hours a day, 440 days a year. The fossil growth line of the seabed corals left ancient time scale. I thought that the big trend is much higher than that of today, and the earth's life will be decentralized from the ocean cradle. And the ancient moon is much more than today. Along with the earth's self-rotation, the moon also follows the rules of the corner momentum, with the speed of 3 cm per year. Conversely, the solid tide caused by Earth on the moon also brought the "self-loss" of the moon. Until the moon will always tell the earth in the earth. Speaking of the tidal force will also make the earth forever to the moon, then take at least billion years.
Let our ancestors have been a sharp astronomical phenomenon, maybe it is too old and high-spirited. When the good end of the red day, when he was in the sky, he suddenly "eat" became a curved and even all disappeared, it was indeed enough to panic. In fact, this is just the masking of the day, month, and the three movements. Although the diameter of the sun is 400 times larger than the moon, the distance is 400 times. Therefore, the viewing angle diameter on the sky is 0.5 degrees. The moon is the same as gentle or opaque celestial body, and the sun will always drag the long shadow. If the "one leaf barrier" can "not see Taishan", when the moon walks to the line between the sun and the earth, it will also block the glory of the sun. On the earth, the moon will see the daily food, the semi-shadow, and the area of the semi-shadow will see the day. If the tip of the moon does not meet the surface of the Earth, it will see the Japanese rush to see the Japanese food. Similarly, when the moon walks to the side of the earth, and all or partially drill into the hook in the earth, there is a moon. If the moon only passes through the earth, there is a semi-food, which will only weaken the brightness of the moonlight, so it is not easy to make people feel.
For a particular place on the earth, the eclipse is not very common. But from a global scale, there will be 43 feasts every 18 years. The ancients have already understood the occurrence of sunshine food. Today, the long-range forecast for the sun and the moon has already reached a high degree of accuracy.
When you play a compass from Huaxia ancestors, humans know that the magnet is used to determine the direction. How do our planet becomes a large magnet, and scientists have made a variety of explanations. The convincing statement is that the high-speed rotation of the Earth and the core flowing iron nickel substance forms a current circuit, as a huge natural generator converts mechanical energy to magnetic energy, and then a magnetic field of the earth. Multi-loss and unable magnetic lines play a shielding effect on the earth, and make many harmful rays in "Van Allen" make it unable to reach the ground. The beautiful Aurora in the South and Arctic is the most spectacular neon light that is deflected with electric particles bombarded the high-altitude atmosphere. The ancient magnetic test shows that the Earth's South-North magnetic pole has happened several times and reversed. The magnetic molecules of the rocks in the rock in the ocean in the cooling magnetic molecules, and the alternation changes in the direction of different geological eras have left a solid certificate. [host
We talked about the story of so many earth. The deeper the earth, the more you love and cherish her.
The earth is really unique. It is a masterpiece of nature. Regardless of the size, quality, self-speed, self-turning angle, with any astronomical data such as the sun, it will make today's world order, climate model completely change and chaos, bringing unvidenceive consequences.
Fortunately, live in this Tiny Oasis in the universe. When human beings finally met "We only had a globe", they can truly become a species with bright future and hope.
We will work with the unlimited gains that have bred a big land in the earth, together with the universe spaceship, continue to run to endless actions! Second, the magnificent solar system
[host
Eternal poems in human culture are the worship of the sun, praise and singing.
The name of the sun is with majesty and brilliant. When this vigorous star glamor, Zhao Tianyu, as his third child, the earth undertakes bright and warmth. So our planet has a lot of violet red and the sea. Human gratitude to the sun is always low.
Our generations of ancestors are made and sunset. however. Do we really understand the sun every day and shine our sun?
(Interview: Solar surface temperature, energy source, solar wind)
[host
Although we regard the sun as the master of the earth, we don't necessarily know its origin and life.
When we appreciate the red day, we should also interpret a little relevant knowledge and reason when you bathe.
Let's go with everyone now, open this book called the solar system.
[TV commentary
Time is too far away 5 billion years ago. A huge and chaotic original nearshoff, slowly dispersing, combined, entangled and confused. The explosion of the super star stars is crashing, and there is a thousand lattice echo. Under the shaping of the extraction giant, 99% of the substances in the nebula gradually gathered, laid the initial size of the sun. The throwing layer gas ring has 98% of the angular momentum, through thousands of "Rolling Snowball" process, a group of planets rotating around the sun. Kant, Laplas, said that the nebula, said a few times, still not lost a rough description of the origin of the solar system. "Disaster" said that there was another star and sun to shoulder, and some substances in the sun were pulled out of the sun, or some substances were taken out by the sun, and became the initial raw materials for forming the planet system. There is also theoretical proof, the sun is not "only child", it is born from a substep of a larger nebula, a smaller whistling of the sun whirlpool forms a planet. Nature is silent for our people. The solar system has been placed in the corner of Tianyu, starting a magnificent evolution history.
Direct experience gained in daily lives, understanding is often difficult. When we see a larger string "zero", we will lose clear concepts, and only the blurred "great" remains. Therefore, when the diameter of the sun is about 1.4 million kilometers, we may wish to remember its volume to install 1.3 million earth. It is said that the sun quality is about 2 billion billion tons, we can remember that it is 330,000 times the earth. As for the average distance of the sun and the earth, it can remember that the light from the sun takes 8 minutes and 19 seconds. We call this distance as an astronomical unit. The sun consists of approximately 79% hydrogen and 19% helium, and the average density is only 1.4 times the water, but under the role of 300 billion atmospheres, the density is 8 times higher than gold. As a huge and hot plasma gaseous sphere, the sun cannot be rotated as the earth. Some people have metaphor, take a spoon to stir a few times, the water rotating in the tea cup is similar to the sun's rotation. Observing indicates that the sun since the west direction is the shortest cycle in the equator, the longest two poles. We generally say that the sun has been transferred once a week in 25.38 days, which is based on the latitude latitude.
The surface temperature of the sun is 5700 degrees Celsius, the center temperature is up to 20 million degrees, radiated from 38 billion billion billion energy per second, equivalent to 52 million billion horsepower, or equivalent to 91 billion tons per second explosion Level hydrogen bomb. If it is burning gasoline, it will consume 300 billion tons per second, and all oil on the earth is not enough to last for 0.1 seconds. It can be seen that the sun is never "saving the lights". What is the huge energy from? Which day is the "oil exhaust"?
It turned out that during the sun formation, when the self-gravitational collapse increased the temperature to 7 million, the deepest energy library of nature was opened. The powerful thermuclein response is violently launched, and the two hydrogen atoms break through the electronic Coulomb force, polygitation into a helium atom, and release huge amount of energy. Thus, the expansion force of the thermal nuclei finally resists the huge quality of the shrinkage force to achieve a balance. The sun has entered a stable main sequence stage. This is an unparalleled aerial "nuclear boiler". It is necessary to burn 400 million tons of hydrogen per second, and the polymerization is 396 million tons of helium while reducing 4 million tons of quality. Nature is not lost, according to Einstein's immortal formula E = MC2, the 4 million tons "Quality Loss" are converted into energy and radiate. In 5 billion years, the sun "only" is amazing, the amazing squandering, has lost 60 billion tons, equivalent to 100 Earth. Fortunately, this figure only accounts for one of the 33,000 in the quality of the sun. Therefore, we still don't worry about the "nuclear energy crisis" in the sky. The "Controlled Nuclear Explosion" on the sun will continue to carry out at least 5 billion years in today's stable mode.
A freshly known incredible fact is that in the huge cosmic furnace in the sun, the heat generated per unit quality is very small. Even the heat of the body is much lower than the body's metabolism. We can't make the truth. If the length of an elephant is 100 times that of the mouse, its skin area will be 10,000 times the mouse, and the weight is 1 million times in the mouse. If the elephant exists in the metabolic speed of the mouse, it will be alive. Conversely, the mouse will live quickly according to the slow metabolic speed of elephants. High temperatures on the sun are unparalleled with heat generated by cubic relationships, and cannot be immediately generated from the surface formed by square relationship.
For the sun, there is no level that will appear in the same level, the boundary is clear. We can divide it into two major parts, including daily nuclear, radiation layers, inside the stream, including light balls, color balls, and sunscreen.
The daily nucleus of 500,000 kilometers in diameter has concentrated half of the quality of the sun, and is a high-temperature high-pressure capacity of high temperature in hydrogen. The daily nucleus is wrapped with a radiation layer of 600,000 kilometers and a temperature of 700,000 degrees, which is a must pass the passage of the thermal nuclear reaction energy output. But here is the most serious place on the sun. The intensive radiation is simply unlaminated in an instant to reach the solar surface. Those high-energy rays released from nuclear ban are absorbed and re-launched in the radiation layer, and approximately more than 2 million years of band-long "struggle", they can "squeeze" out and "drill" in visible light and other forms of radiation. "Go out. However, if there is no intermediary of the radiation layer, the sun will lose bright brilliance, becoming an astronium that mainly emits high energy rays. The 150,000 kilometers of the trip is the most severe and active area of the internal material relative exercise in the sun. Here the heat waves are booming, the flow fire is long, the angling is scattered, the energy is ups and downs, and the magnificent scene is constant. Several important roles on the sun stage, the sun, the sun, the gamble is from here.
It is called a light ball with a 500-kilometer thick sun at the absence of a stream. The round sunwheel that usually see is its boundary. The gas pressure in the light ball is not very universal, but it is a gateway opened by the sun. Wanzhang, who is full of heavens, will be sent here. We said that the temperature of the solar surface is 5700 degrees, refers to the temperature of the light ball.
I will find that the brightness of the light ball is not uniform. The suede is not as bright as the center. This "lacy dim" phenomenon is due to the radiation of the light ball is greater than the scattering. The sun photo taken by astronomers can clearly see the landscape caused by a hot gas, like the boiling rice porridge in the rice cooker, and is called "rice tissue". This variable "rice particle" has a diameter of one or two kilometers, and there is a large feature of the light ball layer from a few minutes to hours.
Observation on Sun Kazi, the Chinese is more than 800 years earlier than Europeans. However, the first telescope manufactured by Galileo is first spoken to peek. The black man is actually not black, it is a slightly trapped gas whisper. Because the temperature is much lower than the surroundings, it seems to be slightly dark, forming so-called this shadow and half. The size and earth of the general black child are comparable. After a long-term tracking, scientists discovered that the number of blacks in each year is very different, and about 11 years is one cycle. The sun's South Authentic is never seen in the black. Like "Qingping's end" wind, the black child always generates near the solar latitude, then moves to the equator. In the ultimate year of the sun, the average distribution is 15 degrees in the latitude. Interestingly, the black child often appears, and a pair of blacks will always show the opposite magnetic poles, such as a huge horseshoe magnet buried in the sun deep and exactly two ends. Some people make it more than "magnetic cable" that run through a certain part of the sun. Black is the main symbol of the sun activity. It affected the climate, hydrology, and animal and plant growth on Earth.
The sun atmosphere outside the light ball is a color ball. The average thickness is 2000 km. Because the rich hydrogen ions are named after rose. The surface of the color ball is overset, the rotor-free needle, looks like "burning grassland". Of course, these solar scenery should be appreciated by special instruments. Because the color ball is almost completely transparent, we can only play a beautiful glow at the moment of the whole food.
The day is a very colorful landscape on the color ball. The red tongue of nuclear flames extends from here and has been spit out of millions of kilometers long. It's like a huge worm, and then slowly retract. These turbulent renewal materials are rumored, and there is a flame fountain, such as a flame fountain, holiday flowers, some vine-woven, lucid grass. Scientists divided Japan into the peaceful rewards, activities in the Japanese and explosive days. The longest life expectancy is more than one year. Infurbance, the most magnificent and spectacular. Sometimes the fire fire that throws out is like "flying to the device", and returns a million kilometers after the circle of a million kilometers, known as the cyclic.
The most thrilling outbreak in the sun is flare. This color ball layer and the dazzling of the sun have a diameter of billions kilometers, often in a few minutes, such as lightning, go to the evil wave, suddenly release millions of millions of tons of original bullets , Powerful radiation spreads and optical bands and X-ray bands, ultraviolet bands, and radio bands. This "Tianxi" and "Tianwei" will shake every small magnetic needle on the earth. The flare is also the most powerful "interference station". When tens of millions of energy arrows shot through the atmospheric ionization layer, drastically magnetic storm makes the short-wave communication on the earth. Even the transmission network and the substation are also overloaded and out of the induction of electromagnetic agitation. In 1989, the Sun Magnetic Story has caused a collapse of the Quebec, the Quebec, so that millions of people in North America have lost their losses, and let a satellite fall into a lower orbit in advance. For astronauts in space, the sudden sun is a fatal danger that requires special protection. About 4 to 5 years, the powerful flare will appear once. The "prostitute" called the sun outside. This is a "high hat" that is diffused to 6 million kilometers. The brightness is not as good as the light ball, and the midstance is more vulnerable than any vacuum manufactured on the earth. Only in the whole food can see it. It is elegant, and the pearls of the pearls. However, these abnormal thin particles have millions of high temperatures. The large dark area of the corona is called the hole, and it is also the "wind hole" we call it a solar style. High-energy protons, electrons and a small number of heavy atomic cores are "blown" along the open-shaped magnetic wire, "wind" can be 400 kilometers per second. The submissions of the solar wind have 4 billion tons per second, which is another loss of the quality of the sun.
In addition to observing the "Light of the Sun", if we can listen to the "Solar Voice", we will find that there is a noisy, noise world. The mountain tsunami-like gas waves, the deafening electromagnetic outbreaks will cause different levels of seismic. As the earthquake wave helps us understand the internal structure of the Earth, the earthquake also makes the sun as a large clock that is rings, and can leak a lot of deep-hidden secrets.
More fascinating, the thermal nucleus of the sun produces a medium-sized medium. For these "small particles" without quality, even the thick lead even the thousands of light is completely "transparent", and it can pass through it. Therefore, it is not like photons to pass through 2 million entanglement, absorption and re-radiation to "climb" out of the trip, and Mediummons are instantaneous surfaces from the date. And through the earth at night, from the feet "shine" us. However, the number of medium ministries that are currently probing astronomers are significantly lower than the theoretical calculation. These "missing" Medians may be to "change their identity" on the way to the earth. When there is a full development of the micro telescope technology, we can "live live" on the nuclear response of the Sun Center.
[host
The sun is our only star who can see the surface details. It is our current study of the precious "lonely", which is the most ambitious space laboratory.
The sun is too important for us. Any movement of the sun is closely related to the destiny of the earth. There is no sun, human and all civilizations all have nothing to talk.
Our solar system is still a family of vast kingdom and a prosperous family.
Do we know your left to right? Do we understand the many brothers and sisters in the solar system?
(Interview: nine planets)
[host
Although we are in other planets with the solar system, we don't all be a few families.
The whole solar system is a direct "ecological environment" in the Earth. Billions of years, with us in this "rotating stage" size planet, we are wearing the stairs and springboards we are receiving the universe.
There is no doubt that we should understand each member of the solar system.
[TV commentary
This is a never-ending universe. Surrounded by the central celestial sun, it is discovered by Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Dynasty Star, Neptune and Pluto. They have co-friendly, same-time and near circles around the day. Some scientists say that if a three-dimensional solar system model is made, it can be put into a very shallow pan.
In the 17th century, German astronomers, although Cople, Although Copernicia, the Coperniciary, but heard the limitations and mistakes of the Copernico sun model. Cobini departs from the traditional tradition of Pythagoras, a prior art confirmed that all planets are constantly, and the day tracks should be highly sacred and perfect. In the case of "round" it, it has to set an average virtual sun. Copper inherited and studied the precious information observed for many years of Danish astronomers in the Valley of Denmark, and found that the railway of the sun was originally an ellipse. So everything is difficult to solve. The virtual sun becomes a real sun in an oval of an ellipse. This is the first law in the famous Copple Third Law. The other two laws say that the sector area of the planet track sweeps through the sector area, the square of the revolution cycle, and the cube of the planet with the average distance of the sun. Cople discovered the rules of the iron movement of the planet, integrated the solar system into a unified physical system. The future generations will be known as "legislators in heaven." If, Cople's law is just the level of observation and description, then Newton's movement of Newton truly reveals the mechanism of the universe. But Newton is standing on the shoulder of Cape. There is no observation and study of astronomy, there is no discovery of Newton's law and the birth of classic physics.
This round will introduce the stars of the solar system of each style one by one. This nearest in the sun is Mercury. In fact, it doesn't have a drop above it, but it is really like a dripping mercury. In ancient China, it called it as Chen Xing. Westerners said that it is a bicycles for the Greek myth, a flying leg Helsus sent by the gods. Its movement is indeed faster than all planets in the solar system. Only 88 Earth Days around the day. Although the powerful tidal effect has not yet made Mercury toward the sun, the self-rotation cycle is slow to 59 Earth Days. Mercury rotated 3 laps saw a sunset sunrise, so it was 176 days from day to night. It is twice as long than one aquarium. Therefore, "the day of the year is like the year" is almost equal to "Time flies" on Mercury.
Mercury is hard to observe because of the nearby sun, it is difficult to observe in dazzling daylight. It has a radius of 24,40 kilometers, and the volume and quality are not 6% of the earth. Can't maintain your own atmosphere at all. The landforms here are like the moon, there are risks of risks, plains, basins and high thousand meters of dangerous peaks and the intectigratory caravan, when they look more than 3 times the sun, the sun is hot, and the surface temperature reaches the Celsius. 460 degrees. This "coke soil" is sufficient to form a lake that is melted by metal and tin. The 1,300 kilometers of Carli Basin is the hottest place on the surface of the nine planets in the sun. When the sun is behind, it is cold to 173 degrees. It is really lacking in Mercury. However, there are 15 rounds here to name the Chinese name of the Chinese, Cai Wei, Li Bai, Li Qingzhao and Lu Xun.
Looking up, in addition to the sun moon, the brightest star in the sky is only 40 million kilometers away from the earth. It is like a crystal trend in the sky. Taiben Jinxing in "Journey to the West" is an old fairy that is an eyebrow. Westerners treat it as avatars of love and beauty. At dusk, the stars have not appeared, and Venus appeared early in the sunset. The front of the dawn has already retired, and Venus has stayed alone in the Dawn of Dawn. This is the "East and Qiupu, and Chang Geng" in the "Poetry". The Greeks also passed the teachings of Pythagora, who knew the Golden Star that appeared in the morning twice from Babylonians.
Venus along almost circular orbit, 224.7 Earth Day around the sun. The self-turn cycle reaches 243 days, and it is also a one-year-old planet. In the field of view of the telescope, you can see Venus and the moon have a profit and loss change. When it runs to the straight line between the earth and the sun, there has been a "Venus Linger" that has been in a hundred years. But this will only cause a "small black scorpion" on the sun surface, and will not eat. The an average radius of Venus is 6052 kilometers, with a density of 95% of the earth, and the quality is 81% of the earth, the surface is the plain and mountains covered by the rock. Due to the difference between the earth and the Venus's head body, people call them a pair of twins sisters. However, Venus has many weird nature. The rotation of all planets in the solar system is from the west to the East, but Venus is from the east. Therefore, "the sun is coming to the west", it has become the truth of the heavens in the "left-handed". However, Venus's ground is can't see the sunrise. If someone can open their eyes here, the line of sight is about to be the same as the diver sank to the turbid water. The pressure of Venus Atmosphere is 92 times higher on the earth. The global temperature is as high as 450 degrees, and the 25-kilometer thickness of sulfuric acid forms acid rain at high altitude, and it is easy to fall into the hot ground. Without any life, it can never resume the "sauna bath" of this purgatory. The root root of Venus "high fever" lies in the greenhouse effect. Since the atmospheric ingredient here is carbon dioxide, such as the glass roof of the warm room, almost completely block the infrared radiation of the ground, so that the "revenue and expenditure of the revenue" on Venus can only balance 450 degrees. Some scholars have studied, the atmosphere of Earth and Venus did not differ. We only escape the greenhouse effect until the reason is very lucky. Today, human activities have caused a sharp increase in carbon dioxide content. What kind of long-term consequences will be brought? Venus is a "exhibition hall" of a greenhouse effect disaster. When we look at its glory, we should be regarded as a warning and forever warns.
Since Venus is a "masked reverse child", Mars become the nearest planets that can observe the surface. The Mars went around the day for 687 days, so the earth will be between Mars and the sun every two years, called Mars' "rush". Rail eccentricity has caused Mars to "big rush" once every 15 to 17 years, at this time, the Mars in the near-Japanese is only 56 million kilometers away from the earth, and in the Middle East all night, it has become people's observations and research. The best opportunity.
The reason why Mars is known in the Western War God, because its red rays make people think of blood and fire. In fact, the surface of Mars is covered with iron oxides such as hematite, silicate, etc., forming brown red Gobi, is completely a "rusty" planet. Here is the hot heat of "fire", the average temperature is only 50 degrees, and the temperature difference between day and night reaches 100 degrees.
Mars has a diameter of 3,400 kilometers. The quality is only 10 in the earth, one and equatorial buildings of 30 degrees, and the Mars is almost divided into the geological structure very different from the north and south. The southern hemisphere is an ancient highland that is covered with mountains and craters, and the northern hemisphere is laid from the lava to the largest, low and frank plains in the solar system. The famous Olympus shield volcano is 26 kilometers, 3 times higher than the Himalayas, the highest mountain in the solar system. The Herath crater in the 2,400 kilometers long is the largest crater in the solar system, and its depth can put in the Himalayas and exposed the peak. The sailor, the sailor, the canyon, also sets the best of the solar system. On Mars, there were thousands of dry riverbed, showing the sound of running throughout the year, but today, there is not much water, and the other is partially in the same part, and the carbon dioxide is dry, frozen into a large area of Mars. White "ice hat". The fifth seasons are alternately brought about by extreme crowns and changes in color after the earth being infiltrated.
Mars atmosphere made from 95% carbon dioxide very thin, the air pressure is only two thousandths of the earth, but this does not hinder it to make a happiness harsh climate. A quarter of the morning is difficult to imagine strong winds on Mars, and the wind speed of 180 meters per second exceeds 3 times the typhoon on the earth. The sandstorms of the hidden day can sometimes swallow the entire Mars and last dozens of days. It seems that Mars Climate will be a big prominent discipline. Compared with the moon owned by the Earth, the two satellites of Mars are too cold. They were found by American Astronomers Hall when "Da Chong" in 1877. Because the quality is too small, the gravity is not enough to make himself a sphere, so I can't talk about the diameter. Fire is called Fupos, 20 kilometers long, the fire is called Demos, 15 kilometers long. Although their appearance is sneached as "sick beans", it is a big small on the equatorial plane of Mars, a low a high, one is slow, one is running back, but also creates a wonder of the blessing competition .
[host
We have just appreciated the style of Mercury, Venus, Mars, and our Earth has many differences, but after all, there are more common situations, and can be classified into the same type.
The planet outside the solar system is completely another scene, belonging to another "system".
(Interview: class planet, class wooden planet)
[host
Scientists divide the solar planets into a class planet and a wooden planet in accordance with practical.
Let us see which members of the classmars, they are different from those of the class planet.
[TV commentary
As the name suggests, the class planet is a sufficient "strong" planet consisting of rocks and metals like the earth. There is a surface that can be "down-to-earth". Mercury, Venus, Mars can be classified into this class. Their common feature is the volume, small quality, large average density, and less satellite. Woodline stars do not have "excellent" solid housing architecture and solid surface. They are in volume, high quality, low average density, fast self - rotation, and have a large number of satellite. Jupiter, Saturn, Dynasty Star, and Neptune are all class. As for Pluto, it belongs to a special case and is another matter.
Now, let us have a descendant to turn to the number one giant in the solar planet - Jupiter. In the night sky, the light is only the second bright star that is second to Venus. Although the Chinese people don't know how Jupiter wounds around the day for 12 years, but it finds that it moves a constellation every year in the 12 palace of the Huangdao, and created 12 places, and treats Jupita as a year star, which is commonly known. Too much. Westerners have respect it as the king of the gods. Jupiter is 778 million kilometers away from the sun. The volume is 1316 times larger than the earth. The quality is 318 times the earth, and the sum of the other eight planet quality is still half. Although Jupiter's body is so huge, it is the fastest planet in the solar system, and only 9 hours 50 points in one week. This fluid big ball consisting of 82% hydrogen and 17% of the hydrogen is not in the scaffold at a huge centrifugal force, but it has also become intermediate bumper, two heads, equator radius ratio / ultra-half diameter length 5000 km. Jupiter loads 60% momentum moment of the solar system and locks countless asteroids between its and Mars with powerful gravitation, becoming an important guarantee for the stability and safety of the sky.
It is generally believed that Jupiter has a stone solid core of up to 30,000 degrees, and the nuclear addition is to lose electron hydrogen in huge pressure. The surface cover the liquid hydrogen and helium, and there is no interface with more than a thousand kilometers Integration. Due to the sun, the surface temperature of Jupiter is about 1.40 degrees. The top cloud is pulled in the high speed rotation, forming a lot of gas circulation parallel to the equator, which is the strip color stripes we see. On Jupiter, a well-known big red spot is 22 degrees in Equia, this ovate area can accommodate 3 earth. From 300 years ago, Galileo found it to today, the big red spots saw the change in size and color, but always maintained a familiar shape outline and reverse rotation direction. It is a long-lasting hurricane system on Jupiter. Some scientists have speculated that the charged particles in the atmosphere produce spiral movements under the action of 10x Jupiter's magnetic fields on the earth, perhaps the formation of large red spots.
When 28 large and small moon shuttle in Jupiter, we saw another narrowed solar system. 4 Muranani in the satellite is called Imoy, this is a lot of rolling volcanoes than the moon, which can spray the lava to 300 kilometers at a speed of 1,000 kilometers per second, which is the most in the solar system. Intense frequent places. Wooden Dodio Rob is slightly small, bright and smooth surface covered with ice covered. Muxi Sanbaniimid is 5,200 kilometers diameter. It is still bigger than Mercury. It is the "eldest long grandchildren" in the solar system. It can see the fault, deep ditch and parallel in the bright district on the ice. The ridge may have a block activity similar to the earth. Muxi Sikaris is also more than a month, the white basin is more than a thousand kilometers, and a full-eyed crater and the ring mountain show the oldest geological surface. There is also a circle of rotated rings on the equator of Jupiter, because it is a very low dust and gravel composition, and it is not easy to see in the distance, and it is not easy to talk to the gorgeous. The topic of the most interested scientist is that Jupiter is more than ten times more than today, maybe it will become another sun. Then, the "day no two" in our galaxy will change completely. According to measurements, the heat radiated in Jupiter is twice as much as the heat from the sun. Especially when other planet temperes are lowered, Jupiter temperature is slowly elevated. It can be seen that there is a weak nuclear reaction internally. Some scientists don't have no regret: "Jupiter is a sun without a success." It will not absorb the quality in the long years, accumulating the dust, there is a day, "stand out"!
If you choose to choose in nine planets, Saturn should take it properly. It is like a luxurious "big coach", and the dance is lightly walking through the heavens, and it is like the waist to turn the shiny "hula hoop". The ancients called Saturn as the town star. Western calls call it to Kronos, just all the heavenly gods of the competent agriculture. Saturn is second Juma Second Jupiter. With an equator radius of 60,000 kilometers, the volume is 755 times larger than the earth, but the quality is only 95 times the earth. Because its density is only 0.7, it has become a unique density than water in the solar system. If the Saturn will fall into a big enough ocean, it can easily blindly.
Saturn is slowly rushing on the huge track of 14 billion kilometers from the sun, and the day is about 29 and a half. However, the self-turn cycle is not much more than Jupiter, only 10 hours 14 minutes. As a result, it is not only transferred to the most flat ball of the solar system, but the extreme radius is 6,000 kilometers smaller than the equatorial radius, and the days have been passed by 1 year is equal to 20,000 days. Saturn's internal structure is also very similar to Jupiter, the core of rock and ice is wrapped in metal state and liquid hydrogen, and the outer surface consists of hydrogen, helium, ammonia and methane, and the magnetic field is 600 times the earth. The surface temperature of Saturn is about 170 degrees. The strong wind blows in the equator of 500 meters per second, cyclone in the high latitude region, sometimes formed by a large white spot for 1 in the diameter of the Saturn.
On the number of satellites, Saturn is the first place in nine planets. Its 30 "moon" is mostly rounded, on the equator, and the fixed side is operated toward Saturn. Some satellites also share a track. It is particularly worth mentioning that David Six. Since the discovery of the Netherlands Astronomer, the Netherlands is discovered by the Netherlands. Scientists think that Titan is the largest satellite in the solar system. Until more accurate measurement deduction, it was confirmed that the solid surface radius was 2575 kilometers, and the championship was given to the wood. But the unique status of Titan is also in the solar system with a strong atmosphere. Although the gravity of its surface is only 7 of the earth, the gas molecules under the minus 180 degrees "frozen" are in energy and unable to escape. Therefore, the atmospheric pressure on Titan is 1.5 times the earth. The most valuable is that atmospheric components include other organic compounds such as methane, ethane and hydrocyanic acid in addition to the similar nitrogen on the ground. Weak light from the distant sun passes through a micro-red biogas cloud, the raindrops of the petrol on the gray green methane waves. The huge Saturn rose, and the hundred meters frenzy took the sky, and the coast of rocks and ice ... scientists believe that there is a very similar earth oxygen generated in the past and ancient environment. It is the best laboratory for the research of life. As for other satellites, let a little more about David eight. It is half-faced, and the half face is dark. This is also a unique design of the creation. We can enjoy the "patent" of Saturn - this arrogant radio. In 1610, the galist with a hand-made telescope focused on Jupiter, saw the "ear" on both sides, and thought it was two satellites. In 1656, Huygens found that this is a ring ring with a more precise telescope. Italian astronomers Cassini further saw a slit in the aura after 9 years, and was called "Cassini]. Since then, the better the better person, the more you see the fine letter on the watch, and find the record of the gap. The Saturn Ring finally became a "thoric album". But in fact, it is not like a "thin grinding wheel" or "electric saw blade" that is rotated on the bearing. Instead, the layer is separated from the inner to the outside, and 7 rings of D, C, B, A, F, G, and E are sequentially specified. They are wide and dark, and the color is different. Among them, the A ring is the brighter, the E ring is the widest, and the F endes are like a few strands of thin lines. If it is close to, it is found that it is a lot of "mudslide" in the sky "of a Sichuan gravel." These stone ice cubes are actually a vast queue of countless small satellites, and they can also find a few lines in Cassini in the B-ring. They are not stopped from east to the west, and the inner ring speed is higher than the outer ring. Starting from the top of Saturn, the huge rainbow-like radope extends more than 1 million kilometers, and the diameter is almost equal to the distance of the moon to the earth. The thickness of the inner ring is only 1 km. If there is any force to pinch together, it will be larger than the moon. As for the origin of the aura, some people think it is a fragment that the celestial collision. Popular explanation said that when a satellite orbit is below 2.44 times that of the first quadrant radius, it is more than "rock limit", it will be cleared by the tidal force. It is particularly interesting that several "Shepherd satellite" are faithfully walking inside and outside the aura, careling their own "flock". If it is not condensed, some stone ice cubes may be scattered.
For a long time, astronomy has always believed that the track of Saturn is the frontier of the solar system. Until 1781 Herhelle found that the gentle star of our planet was 4 times again. People engraved on the tombstone of Herhell: "He broke through the sky." Tianyu is called Urnos in the West, which is the king of the whole universe. It and the sun is 2.9 billion kilometers, and the whole is doubled than the Saturn, so the naked eye is almost unable to see. The radius of Tianwang is 2559 kilometers, the volume is 52 times larger than the earth, the quality is 15 times the earth, and the self-transfer one week 16.8 hours. It takes 84 years around the sun. He found it for 2 turns. The structure of the King Star is also similar to Jupiter, Saturn, which is mainly hydrogen and helium, and methane can absorb red light, so that the geranar appears blue green. Its 21 satellites are too small, not a climate. 10 aura is mostly thin, not worth mentioning. Neptune is the most distinctive and dramatic behavior, it is a tilt angle of its spindle to 98 degrees. The solar system has turned "stand", but it is "lying" turn, even its satellite's rotational plane has dropped with a 90 degree. So, there was a strange season on the Tiangan star of "roll". And the two pokes have been 42 years during the day, and 42 years is night. However, Tianwang Xing is too far away from the sun, and the daylight accepted is only three thousandths of the earth. The surface warmth is low to zero 200 degrees, and the seasonal concept is not much. In 1845, the British Youth Adams found that the King Star movement track is abnormal, and it is speculated that it is due to a unknown planet and calculated its track. Unfortunately, the 22-year-old Cambridge student was unknown, and the report was sent to the UK Royal Observatory. French astronomers Leveyer is fortunate. He also completed this research at the same time and sent it to the Berlin Observatory. On the evening of September 23, 1846, Dr. Galler was detained in front of the telescope in front of the telescope in accordance with the orientation of the Leveye. Sure enough, I found a new planet. People use the famous Niri Putun's name to call it to Neptune. This is called "Planetise found under the pen", "the planets that use the square" ", marking the astronomy began to enter the precision stage.
Neptune can look at the twin sisters of Tianyu. It is 45 billion kilometers away from the sun, 24764 kilometers of equatorial radius, slightly smaller than Dawang. But it is 44 times larger than the earth, and the quality is 17 times the earth. It is about 16 hours a week, and the sun is up to 165 years. Methane in the atmosphere makes Neptune show blue color. There is a size in the southern hemisphere, the shape and the big black spot similar to Jupiter is very similar, and it is a thrilling storm area on Neptune.
The "proud" "proud" in Neptune is the highest in its 8 satellites. This is much unusual than the moon is slightly small. It is the only satellite in the solar system "inverted row" in the direction of the main star; is the only blue satellite; it is the coldest place with only 235 degrees of the whole range; it is the only nitrogen in the solar system. Planet - although this atmosphere is thin enough to only 70,000 points on the earth. Here you can also see the ice volcano violently sprayed 4 times higher liquid nitrogen than Himalayas. Terry is undoubtedly a weird world, full of magical temptation and strange beauty.
The foundation of the ninth planet in the solar system is simply a story of a large sea. The US Astronomer Lowell has carefully studied the remaining errors of Tianwangxing and Neptune track. It is determined that there is still a farther planet. But he did not find a spider silk. In 1930, American astronomer Tangbo finally caught this distant, dim and tiny planet. The 11-year-old British girl Bella is proposed to win from the snow-like naming scheme. This planet is called the leader of hell, that is, Pluto. At this point, the main members of the solar family are almost together.
The track of Pluto is inclined 17.2 degrees compared to the Earth orbit, which is a long ellipse. It is only 7 billion kilometers away from the sun, but only 4.344 billion kilometers, which takes 20 years around the sun, and 20 years old is near the sun. Fortunately, the overlap of this track is like a vertical bridge, which will not cause Pluto and Neptune collision. Pluto Self arrived for 6.4 days a week. Its radius is only 1195 kilometers, and only 1000 of the volume is only 5, the quality is not 6 of the moon. Since then, a satellite was discovered, and people were named after the boatfaret on the river. The card diameter has reached half of Pluto. Surprisingly, their distance is only 19600 kilometers, which is nearly 20 times more than the earth and the moon. It is a pair of "dumbbells" double stars. Since Pluto, the track is almost a "national border" of the "Kingdom" of the "Kingdom" in the mind. But is it true outside the Wing Xing? Is the solar system really have a whole neutral edge? Dutch American Astronomer Turber Prose in 1951, a large group of distant small celestial movements are moving around the solar system. Scientists envisaged the area between Neptological and Pluto has a "libuse". Some people also believe that there is "mutual planet" and has been making unremitting search. Until 1992, American scientists first found a diameter of 200 kilometers of celestial QBI in the "Kubibel". Since then, the newly discovered numbers in the "Kubibel belt" have risen, and there are more than 400 sizes that have been recorded in the case. However, it is estimated that this is just a "iceberg". EB173 found in March 2000, 4 of Pluto 4, 1; "Cutting" found in the end of the year, 910 kilometers in diameter; August 2001, a larger KX76 was found, 1240 kilometers diameter, more than Pluto's satellite card. Can it count the tenth largest planet? The active astronomical world has added a hot topic.
Thus, "Writing" on Pluto "Planet Qualification" is again raised. Given that the quality of Pluto is small, the track is biased, many astronomers have advocated its "Star" and "Downgrades" for other families. Nowadays, it is only a thousand tens of millions of "libuse", but it was found for decades because the reaction rate was slightly higher. It is likely to find a larger "Kubi Brie" star. The "lawsuit" in this solar system triggered the standard for determining the standards of the planet. That is, there must be a non-rotation orbit that is run around the star; there is a rounded shape; with a mass of 1 billion tons. After the final ruling of the International Astronomy League, although Pluto and Article 3 standards still have a gap, it is finally "broken" to keep its planet status. This "little brother" away from the bright and warm and warmth can continue to enjoy the current status, in addition to the rich and diversity of our planet families, about historical, cultural and psychological reasons. The "lawsuit" of Pluto will make us more clearly understand that the solar system has no "one knife", only a blurred edge. There are still many astronomers who are full of confidence in confidence, and work hard to find the tenth planet of the solar system.
[host
Type wood and Pluto and we have the same sun, the appearance is very different, we can't help but feel the ghosts of nature.
It should be said that nine planets are the main frames and basic entities of the solar system. But is there other members of the solar family? [host
We can't make the asteroids and comets as a "small word" in the solar system.
For our human, asteroids, and comets is even more direct and important than other planets.
[TV commentary
Now we need to go back to visit a crucial special community, which is the asteroid in the solar system. As early as the mid-18th century, German scientists Tremelis and Porto found the distance between the distances between the 6 planets known to the time. According to Tremelis - Port Rules, each planet should be in the position of 0.4, 0.7, 1, 1.6, 2.8, 5.7, 1, 1.6, 2.8, 5.2, 10 astronomical units. But the 2.8 astronomical unit between Mars and Jupiters is a blank. So the astronomical community divided the entire zodiac sky into 24 regions "contracting" to search for various scientists. Germany also organized the "Heavenly Patrol". When the bell of New Year's Day, New Year's Day has just knocked, Sicily has sent a good news, and the Palermo Skybar has a new celestial body. "Mathematics Prince" Gauss quickly calculated its track, which was in place from the 2.77 astronomical unit of the sun. The only unfortunately, this planet is less than 1,000 kilometers, and the quality is only 50 tonine in the moon. The top can calculate a small planet. People are named by God as a grain of Sicily, namely it is a valley star. Then, the wisdom star, stars, and wedding gods were also discovered, listed as "four famous names" in the asteroid. As the search continues, the roster of the asteroid flowers gradually became the "signed book" of all roads. Seeing the limited number of fairy resources, scientists use the city and characters on the ground to name. In 1928, Zhang Zheyi used the first Chinese who found the asteroid, named Xiaosheng 1125 "China". It is expected that the total number of asteroids between Mars Jupiters is more than 20,000, and there are more than 5,000 numbers have been numbered. Most of these "Planetary Dolls" is between 1 km to more than 100 kilometers. There is a Class C, metal m metal, and a strong S-class. Thousands of patience, light monster. They are generally approximately 2 to 16 hours, Aida and Yin Nia and other small stars have their own satellite. The 95% of them operate on the asteroid main ring strip generally consistent with the solar disc circon, but the distribution is not uniform. The powerful test of Jupiter has caused several empty "Kirkwood slits", while the determination of the proportional relationship affects the mutual rotation cycle of the asteroid. A portion of "Long-distance Asteroid" forms "Pure Luo Yangqun" and "Greek Group" on the "Lagrandian point" of Juping Track. A large number of Amore, Apollo type and Aden asteroids deeply in the inner sun. The most outstanding asteroid Icarus, the end of the flat orbit is more than doubled than Venus. Tamaros's track faces 64 degrees, such as the top of the top of a gothic building. The "dangerous action" of such asteroids is easy to cause "air traffic accidents". Asteroids or the universe must be careful to be careful.
The reason for the formation of asteroid has been made various gues. Some people say that the fragmentation after a planet explosion is said that the wreckage after two celestial collision. Observing research more supported conclusions believed that due to the gravity of Jupiter, the planetary planet on the 2.8 astronomical unit did not "long". They are a "abortion" planet, or "semi-finished products" of nature "manufacturing" planet. The total mass of these asteroids is approximately equal to one moon.
Most let human beings hang, don't have a chance of collision with the earth. In this sense, Chinese ancient people should think about the first thoughts. There have been collisions in many asteroids in 46 billion years in the birth of the earth. This "air blow" has a deep impact on our geological evolution and life evolution. The famous American Bahrainseeki pit, the Siberian Tong Gusta bombing is probably a typical case of asteroid impact. It is believed that a small planet in the Gulf of 65 million years ago, led to the end of the dinosaur era. However, if you say it back, if there is no collision, on the earth, it will still be the world of crawling rules, and you will never go to the human debut. According to the calculation, the "near-site small planet" greater than 10 kilometers is higher than the earth, and the average will take one billion years. The smaller impact is approximately 3 times per million years, two of which will fall into the ocean. So we don't have to have a sense of "planting" at any time. Moreover, human beings are too early to be dinosaurs in the same year, and scientific progress will provide enough means to defend our civilization.
There is also a strange and tounted category in the solar system, which is the comet called "Snowstars". Eastern and Western culture does not consider, comets are reliable sign of disaster. The ancient Chinese characters left the earliest records of the comets, so that we can still calculate the exact age of historical events such as "Wu Wang" from these 籍. After the British scientist Harley observed the comet in 1682, it was considered that it was very similar to the comet track of 1531, 1607, which was asked to be three regression of the same comet, and predicted that it will appear again in 1758. This is a household name Harley comet. Many comets running along the parabola and hyperbolic are a rush of the veteran, and they will never return in the solar system. Only comets run along the elliptical track can come back. Scientistsize the boundaries of 200 years as the short cycle comet and long cycle comet.
The quality of the comet is almost entirely in the coma nucleation, which is "dirty snowball" and "small iceberg" that are frozen from water, ammonia, methane, carbon monoxide and silicate. The length is between hundreds or two to 100 kilometers. The gaseous cladding surrounding the gas cladding forms a different "hairstyle", and the coma is integrated with a coma. Those "comet smoke" that is "blowing" by the solar wind ", due to reflecting sunlight and ultravised light, becomes a bright coma of the sun, can extend millions of kilometers to hundreds of millions of kilometers. In fact, the most eye-catching comet is thinner than the vacuum manufactured in the laboratory. The general comet has two tail, and the tail tarate of gas ions such as carbon monoxide is light, and the acceleration of the light pressure is large, almost straightforwardly opposite the sun. The white tail formed by small dust is large, and its own track movement and the smoothness of the light pressure make it look thick and bend. The comet in the frozen state began to vaporize when 2 astronomical units from the sun, and the longer it went to the nearby tail. Every time "see" the sun, it will be "peeled off a layer of skin." After the volatile material consumed, it will always be "extinguished", only a rock skeleton is left.
There have been more than 1,800 comets today. Scientists believe that those tens of thousands, even millions of years can go to the solar system to take a long-cycle comet, from Ott Star Clouds from us about 50,000 astronomical units. It is a "comet warehouse" with trillions of stocks, which is the distant "hometown" and true "big camp" of the comet family. The "root" of the short cycle comet is tied to the Luxi Boji of the sun. The long orbit of comets often changes due to the camera testing. In July 1994, 21 debris issued after Shi Meike-Levi No. 9 comet was hit by Jupiter; October 2001, a small group of comet "moth" hit the sun. "Wandering" for these walking and discomfort, we must not fall lightly.
Finally, I may also need to discuss the meteors that are full of flowers over the earth. In the wide vast space of the solar system, in addition to the planet, the asteroid, the comet is also active with countless mini dust and solid shredding. When their travel route and earth are embarrassing, it may "lose" fall into our atmosphere. Those small particles striing from the front, reaching a speed of 72 km per second. There are also 12 km from behind. The high temperature generated by friction makes them vaporizing and burning, forming bright meteors in the air. In the sunny summer night, the average can see 10 meteors per hour. The second half of the night is more and bright in the middle of the night, because the opposite meteor appears in the second half of the night. Some have not yet bulld to fall into the ground, and the maximum iron meteor found in South Africa reached 54 tons, and the stone meteor in Kansas, Kansas, was one ton. However, I have not heard of a report of a mistake in the hidden people.
Compared with "Put Cold Gun", the meteor of "Wan Qi Qi" is another discussion. The causes and comets are big with melo. The loose comet is always walking while walking, while the material is thrown all the way. When the earth tracks and their tracks intersect, some "allspice" that is shaking from the comet parent will fall from a certain day to the earth. Due to perspective relationships, they are like a shower head. In November 1966, North American night sky showed a spectacular scene from Leo for one hour, in fact, they are only the "Chenfu Valley" left by Tanpur Tten comet. Providing raw materials for the Bottles Meteor Shower and Orion Smee Rain is Harley. The "Dragon King" of the Golden Bull Block is the "Dragon King" is the Enkin Star. Since the material density of the comet remains on the track is not uniform, plus the "sweep" of the big planet, the meteor shower has different sizes in different years. Such as the Leo Meteor Shower will have a "Flower Storm" every 33 years. This is consistent with the cycle of Temur Tten comet. Earth will reduce 1,000 to 10,000 tons of quarter substances per day. The accumulation of 4.6 billion years Our planets have been "looked" about 10 billion tons. For Earth of 60 trillion tons, it is fans in the eyes of people into a dust.
Watch from a bigger scale, our sun is carrying your own huge family, with a speed of 20 kilometers per second, moving toward Wuxiai left direction, and the millions of stars rotate around the silver river center. The "public turn" speed of the "Dragler Band" is 250 kilometers per second, and it is approximately 200 million years. If you do a "Galaxy Year" around the Yinhe, our sun is 23 years old.
[host
We just took the horse and gave a rough tour for the solar system.
We can't marvel in nature's hand, create the system of the solar system, the meteorological and more structured, and the order is well.
Looking forward to our earth, but is one of the many kinds of celestial bodies in the solar system.
But there is no identification without comparison. Only the earth is the only paradise and real "paradise".
