The use of QC techniques in software 1-
QC method
Made of: Pan Qian
Made time: 2004/4/1
I. Introduction
Second, QC 7 ways
Third, QC new seven ways
Fourth, QC method other points
V. QC application process
Sixth, 3 key points used by QC
Seven, how to promote QC activities
I. Introduction
Qc is the abbreviation of English Quality Control, meaning in Chinese means quality control. It is the quality control based on the mathematical statistics method. The statistical quality control is the starting point of the control map of Dr. W.a.Shewhart, the US Bell Phone Program, the United States.
In quality control and management activities, it is often used to have practical but less complex methods. They not only solve the problem, but also easy to be the quality control based on the mathematical method, and statistical quality control is the starting point of the Washewhart, the US Washewhart, which is the first proposed in 1924. ,
Quality control and them can not only solve problems, and is easy to be a quality control based on the mathematical method, and statistical quality control is the control of Dr. Washewhart, the US Washewhart, which is the first proposed in 1924. The picture shows the starting point, management activities, often uses a method of practical but less complex. Engineering acceptance and use,
The most famous of these is "QC seven techniques"
And "QC new seven methods" QC seven techniques are a set of tools for collecting, arrangement, comparing, and analyzing data on quality management activities. The aim is to identify its characteristics and laws, thereby taking the right actions.
Second, QC 7 ways
1. Management chart (also called control map)
2. Characteristics
3. Histogram
4. Paleto
5. Statistical analysis form
6. Figure (stick, cake, folding line, strand)
7. Scatter
※ Detailed explanation of the seven techniques of QC, please refer to "QC7 methodology details"
Example - figure
Title: Comparison of the effects before and after a system improvement
Module
Execution time - improved (second)
Execution time - After the improvement (seconds)
improve
Module 1
46.69
32.19
35.2%
Module 2
31.5
21.25
32.5%
Module 3
20.42
13.43
4.2%
Module 4
38.79
30.1
22.4%
Third, QC new seven ways
Affinity Diagram
2. Association Method (InterReranceShip Digraph)
3. System Graphics (Tree Diagram)
4. Matrix Diagram
5. PDPC method (Process Decision Program Chart)
6. Arrow line diagram solution (Activity Network Diagram)
7. Matrix Data Analysis (Factor Analysis)
※ Detailed explanation of the new seven techniques of QC, please refer to the "QC7 new method details"
Example - affinity graphics
Title: Discussion on poor performance in a system
system design
The agreement is tedified
Code, decoding process complex redundancy
Module division
complex
Customer request
High security
Encoding implementation
Code irregular
Multiple code transplantation, merge
Coding habit
Link table structure
High access frequency
Example - system graphics
Title: Evaluation Countermeasures, determined whether or not
question
purpose
means
Realistic ※ 1
Effectiveness ※ 1
Effects can be measured ※ 1
Safety ※ 1
Maintainability ※ 1
integral
※1
use
※2
problem
Purpose 1
Means 1
◎
×
△
◎
×
Seduce
use
Means 2
△
△
×
◎
○
Seduce
use
Destination 2
Means 3
○
×
○
×
△
5
Not use
Means 4
△ ×
○
◎
○
◎
11
use
Means 5
◎
◎
△
△
×
8
use
※ 1 evaluation criterion
◎: Very high 3 points
○: 2 points high
△: General accumulation 1 point
×: Low accumulation 0 points
※ 2 Requirements
Points> 6 points
Example - matrix method
Title: Correlation between finishing issues, causes, and countermeasures
Question 1
◎
Question 2
◎
Question 3
◎
○
◎
Reason 1
Cause 2
Reason 3
Countermeasure 1
◎
◎
Countermeasure 2
◎
Countermeasure 3
○
◎
Countermeasures 4
◎
○
◎ High correlation degree ○ has a correlation degree
Example - Data Matrix Analysis
Title: Description of the purpose of collecting methods
Description: ● Commonly used ◎ Use ○ Not large to use x
Collecting methods Using the purpose of the factual information opinion material envisioned information ● x x summary ideas ◎ ● ● break the rules ● ◎ ● Participation plan ○ ● ○ Implementation of the policy ○ ● ◎
Fourth, QC method other points
(1) 5W1H
This is the extent that the plan is planned or the report is reported.
Who is WHO?
Why purpose
WHEN time
WHERE location
What content
HOW method
From the experience of the project, I prefer to use 5W2H, just add how much, huh, this year, everything is going to forecast budget. Cost awareness has not considered an unusual factor in project management.
(2) PDCA ring
It is a process of continuous improvement from Dr. Diming.
1. The Plan Stage (Plan), see which issues need to improve, list itemial items, find out the most demanding improvement.
2, execution phase (DO), implement improvement, and collect corresponding data.
3, check phase (Check), evaluate improved effect, speaking with data, see if the actual results are consistent with the original target.
4, the processing phase (ACT), if the improvement is good, it will be promoted; if the improvement is not good, the next loop is performed.
A p
C D
. . .
V. QC application process
NO
step
content
1
Grasping
Propose problems present in the current or previous project.
2
Select topic
Select where you want to improve.
3
Event plan
Make a holistic QC activity plan
4
Status
According to the topic, specifically investigate the status of the current problem point
5
Target setting
According to the status of the current problem point, improve the goal is proposed.
6
To analyze
Analysis of the main causes of problems.
Seduce
Determination of countermeasures
Consider the countermeasures, choose the most effective countermeasure.
8
Planning plan
Planning a plan
9
Implementation
The countermeasures are implemented according to the plan.
10
Confirmation effect
Depending on the target of the set, see the target.
11
Activities
Insulting, not only reflecting their shortcomings, but also to make good aspects you do. 12
Manage the management
Similar to CMM3-level organizational experience, the experience in this project into the company's knowledge base, or to modify the company's original development procedures and cut guidelines. Enables other items to benefit from it.
13
Propose future topics
In response to the shortcomings in the anti-provincial activities, it is proposed in the future.
Application of QC method
◎ Effect is good ○ Effect
NO
stage
QC7 method
QC new seven ways
Characteristics
Paleto
Statistical analysis form
Histogram
Scatter
Management diagram
Figure
Affinity
Associated map
System diagram
Matrix map
Arrow chart
PDPC method
Matrix data method
1
Grasping
◎
◎
○
○
◎
◎
○
○
○
2
Select topic
◎
◎
◎
◎
3
Event plan
◎
○
◎
○
4
Status
○
○
◎
◎
◎
◎
◎
◎
◎
○
◎
○
5
Target setting
○
○
○
◎
○
6
To analyze
◎
◎
◎
◎
◎
◎
◎
○
○
○
Seduce
Determination of countermeasures
◎
◎
○
◎
◎
8
Planning plan
◎
◎
9
Implementation
○
○
○
10
Confirmation effect
◎
◎
◎
○
◎
◎
○
11
Activities
◎
12
Manage the management
◎
◎
○
13
Propose future topics
○
○
○
◎
○
○
Sixth, 3 key points used by QC
There are 3 cores in the QC method, and if you use the QC to use this method. Then, you haven't really realized QC techniques.
1) Brainstorming method
Not by the Leader a person, anything is the group's internal group strength.
Often use often in the following aspects
l looking for problems
l propose a countermeasure
Pareto
Our capabilities and energy are limited and must admit this.
According to 2/8 law (also called Pareto's law), only 20% of the reason is to cause 80% of the consequences.
In the actual project operation, we should take the time to find 20% of the core.
To do key things as much as possible, this is the true thought of behind the Pareto.
3) Characteristics
It is actually to analyze in-depth analysis, and it is also a process of thinking.
Personally recommend using pro and graphical characteristics to be done by Figure system map arrow chart statistical analysis table,
You can quickly be discussed.
Seven, how to promote QC activities
The so-called QC team is a group that employees freely combined with issues around the development activities, voluntarily participated in the organization, and actively conduct quality management activities.
QC team activities are the core of employees to participate in the on-site quality management. The ideological and basic methods of quality management are mainly used by QC team activities, and it is used to go to various business work. The improvement of corporate quality management work and the improvement of product quality, a very important part, is to carry out QC team activities. QC team is one of the foundations of promoting TOC.
The guiding ideology of QC group activities is:
(1) I do my own ideas,
(2) Quality first thought,
(3) Step-by gradual idea,
(4) Statistical thinking, talk together with data.
The main functions of the QC team are:
