Looking back on the PC 20 years, its history is a hero history, a shining name, just like a starfish, envious of people; they have the rise of PC, the prosperity of computer technology The contribution to human beings is that we should not forget. When this article reproduces the scene of history, what we will see? Undoubtedly, there is glorious and glory, wealth and achievements, of course, there is also regrets and sorrow ...
Computer odd: Doug Engelbat
Engelbart is a hi-talent in the computer industry, known as the master of "human machine interaction" field. Since the early 1960s, he made many pioneering contributions in human-machine interaction, with more than 30 papers, with more than 20 invention patents. The world's first email system (E-mail), text processing system, online call integration system and hypertext link come from his hand. In addition, he also invented the multi-view window, a TV conference on the computer monitor, a TV conference, a new computer interaction input device, and more. In the many inventions of Engelbat, people are most familiar with the mouse used on the computer. In 1963, the US National Patent Office approved the application submitted by Engelbart a few years ago, confirming that a "search clicking" input device is an original technology. In English, mouse has the meaning of mice, so the "search clicking" device is also known as the mouse. In 1968, Engelbat was invited to participate in a computer meeting held in San Francisco. At the meeting, he took out many surprisingly: Windows, Supermedia, Groupware, and mouse This is also the first time the mouse is the "search tool" publication. MS-DOS Parent Tim Patterson
Everyone knows that MS-DOS is the US Microsoft's products, and is the first leap from Microsoft to achieve Microsoft companies from an unknown software development company to the global software giant. MS-DOS was once a Microsoft's fist product, which has long been ruled with a personal computer operating system market. Although the Microsoft "Window" has become a new generation of PC operating system overlord, MS-DOS is still uncomfortable to the industry's credits. However, the name of MS-DOS's true master Tim Patterson may not be known for everyone. When Patterson's Vice President of Seattle Computer Manufacturing Company, President of the Seattle Computer Manufacturing Company, took a six-year time to successfully launch his operating system, named SCP-DOS, intended to "fast and rough disk operating system", this SCP-DOS It is now the predecessor of DOS. After SCP-DOS is launched, the application is good, but it has also been accused of being accused of plagiarizing their popular CP / M operating system at the time. These two operating systems do have similar situations, but SCP-DOS is very different from CP / M in the storage of data, organizational files, etc.. So how do SCP-DOS be MS-DOS? This has to start from IBM's "Western Chess Solution". In 1980, IBM was determined to develop its own personal computer, and the "Western Chess Program" was established. They need to find a software company to work together to develop a set of personal computer operating systems. At that time, Microsoft said to IBM in order to not have a chance of chance of chance, in order to not have a software operating system, in fact, although Microsoft has already had a place in the software industry, but it is its programming language, and there is no ready-made operating system. . In order to cooperate with IBM, Microsoft had to find Patterson. Microsoft has obtained the right of SCP-DOS from Pattsen, only $ 25,000 transfer price. Although SCP-DOS is relatively rough, it has been prototype, as long as it works on it, it is not too difficult to meet the required products. In fact, SCP-DOS is important to Microsoft lies in that it gives IBM to abandon CP / M, and cooperate with Microsoft, which has achieved Microsoft's future. In April 1981, Patters left the Seattle Computer Manufacturing Company, under the door of Microsoft, and only known that his operating system was taken by Microsoft as one of the products of IBM. He was very annoyed and regretted, but he wouldn't help why. Although his outcome is unlimited, but in Seattle Computer Manufacturing Co., Ltd., it is impossible to promote, but the contrary is improved by Microsoft to develop, and it is better than buried. Portable computer father Adam Osburn
In the history of Silicon Valley, Adam Osborne will definitely be a person. He has obtained a work of the microprocessor for Intel's new microprocessor in the early 1970s, followed by the technical field. Freelance writers, have opened a column on the computer magazine "Interface Age" and "Infoworld". But Osburn has a bigger plan. He wants to be a molecule in this industry, the tycoon of Silicon Valley, to the person who has happened to his logic genius to prove their mistakes. He is unemaife, even some from the great place: "I said to everyone, what should they make, but no one listens to me, so I have to create it." Surprisingly, Osburn proved His idea is reasonable. Osburn has two very wonderful ideas: First, use the current circuit volume to become smaller and smaller, create a small and very sturdy portable personal computer; second, put the time you need to purchase and price Expensive and most popular software, is sold to customers in the price of a personal computer. Previously, hardware and software companies never provide these two services at the same time. In March 1980, at the West Coast Computer Exhibition, Osburn saw Lee Felsenstein for a hardware company designing board. Ostrove made his idea to him and made a design requirement for Felsenstein: This computer is cheap and strong, both small and light; second is to bundle the word processing and spreadsheet software. April 1981 Osburn I-type computer new appearance, the whole machine, including software, only $ 1,795. This suddenly sensationalized the Quartet, until September 1981, the company's monthly sales climbed to $ 1 million, and the company's income reached 70 million US dollars in the second year. However, Osbashi has begun serious mistakes in the second year of its establishment. The confusion of management leads to the decline in product quality, delivery delays, and financial emptiness, and market strategies have made it lifetime. At that time, in the market, the dominant status is IBM, and the "manager" of Osbash is not compatible with it, this is not too bad, but Osburn can't endure such a situation. As a result, Osbin was in the new product to put the market a week, announced that he has begun to be compatible with IBM, which is equivalent to the invisible product, making the sales quantity to suddenly. A beautiful computer myth is only less than two years. This is the most influential person in the development direction of the computer industry. This once is the most influential, most controversial figure in the PC industry, so that the work is faded, and everything is behind him. Father of disk Alan Schutt
Various types of soft and hard drives are the most important storage devices of personal computers. The history of disk is not too long, and from the world's first hard drive, it is only more than 40 years. In the 1950s, the Chairman of IBM's Chairman Xiao Tomas Watson quickly expanded their careers to the West Coast of the United States ordered new laboratories and plants near San Jose, California. Johnson led more than 30 youth engineers, in less than three years, creating adventive technical results for IBM. A young engineer named Al.Shugart has played a key role in the process of developing hard drives in the IBM San Jose laboratory. Schocat brought to IBM after graduating from University in 1951, working in the research department for more than ten years. In 1969, he left IBM to establish a Shuat Hyscre Company and developed the world's first 5-inch soft disk based on plastic material, namely the standard floppy disk used on the PC. In 1974, the company's first founded company has closed down. After five years, Shuart returns to the computer industry. After the famous Silicon Valley hinterland, several colleagues in the past have created Seagate Technology, specifically for personal computers. Develop high-performance small hard drives. In 1980, Seagate Technology announced the development of the first 5.25-inch thermal drive with 5 to 10MB, which later became the most characteristic configuration of IBM PC / XT PC. The company of Schocat is currently one of the largest PC hard disk manufacturers in the world's largest PC hard disk manufacturers in the world. The germanity of the free software Chad Stolman, the end of the 20th century, the biggest change in the software industry is the full revival of free software. Under the wave of free software, the software industry's business model is relocated, from selling program codes, converted to service-centered, and Richard Stolman is called the free god of the software industry. Some people say that Storman should be the most programming designer written in the world. However, Stolman's real power is his thoughts. Under the theory of Stolman, users who copy software from each other are not "pirated", but reflect the mutual help of human nature. For Stalman, freedom is fundamentally, users can freely share software results, copy and modify code. He said: "Think about it, if someone says" as long as you guarantee that you don't copy it to others, I will give you these baby copies'. In fact, such talents are devil. " Richard Stolman, a beefan, looks like a wild man in the modern city, but if he will wear a "burlap", wear a round wide side hat There is a radope on the holy picture in the painting. A blink of an eye, he turned into a saints, exudes the predominant majesty and strength. Savage and saints, it is just a double attribute of this free software leader Richard Stolman. He is both barbaric subverstrips in the field of commercial software today, and the sacred freedom of the midst of users and the user. . Microsoft Empire Bill Gates
According to the annual statistics of the "Forbes" magazine, Microsoft Founder Bill Gates is still ranked from the world's richestity with a personal asset of $ 58.7 billion. He is more than the wealth created in just more than 20 years than the traditional car king, the oil king, the steel king or the financial oligarch created in the family wealth created in 200 years. Like Apple's wisdom, the personal computer has an external enamel, which is a foreign enamel, and "Volkswagen Electronics" magazine in January 1975. It is ignited at the ALTAIR 8080 computer. Bill Gates' computer dream. Gates calls Roberts to express the Basic language to Altair, then Gates and Allen didn't have a day after the Harvard Akken computer center did not have day, with 8008 with Basic language, opened up the PC software industry. new road. In May 1975, Bill Gates had an idea of dropping. He hoped to create a software company with friends Allen. Because Bill Gates didn't go back to school immediately, he left Seattle. Apakki. In July 1975, he worked with Allen to create a company. When Microsoft has established, Bill Gates is just 20 years old. Today, Microsoft has become the industry's "empire", in addition to dominate the PC operating system and office software (this is Microsoft's lifeblift), it is also involved in personal finance software, education and game software, network operating system, commercial email, database and tools Software, internal web server software, handheld device software, web browser, network TV, Internet service, and nearly 20 different web sites. The father of Ethernet is Bob Metcalfo, is called the father of Ethernet, and proposes the pragmatical proportion of the network's practicality and its number of users. The Cafan, that is, if there is n users in the network, there is n (n-1) potential item in the network. When the N 1 customer joins this network, the user provides 2N to all other users. Potential goods.
Bob Metecov graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and later came to Harvard. He read the papers of Ethernet in Harvard University. Harvard University said that he is not strong, he wants him to sublimate, and then reply. Metecrew helpless, I have to go to Taylor here to "sublimate", but I can't think of it. Under his hosted, the Silicon Valley Research Center implemented the networked network between the microcomputer in May, in May 1973. Metcarf is happy. When he wants to give this new network system, I think that Harvard University says that his theoretical depth is not enough, it will not play one place, think of the mystery of physicists at the end of the 19th century Ether's theory, solemnly named "Ethernet" (Ethernet) and applied for patents in 1977. In April 1979, Bob Metcrew officially established 3COM, the goal is to promote Ethernet to become industry standards. Now when the Ethernet bandwidth began to move into 10g, who can say that Ethernet is not a standard of the industry? IT paranoid mad Andy Gupu
Gusf is definitely one of the most important roles in the history of the 20th century: He has created a microprocessor industry, detonating a personal computer revolution and put Intel into a super competitive machine. His competition strategy is to launch new products, take the initiative to reduce competitors, then launch new products ..., this forced to make you constantly progress, don't let the opponent have any strategies of wheezing space, let Intel dominate the computer industry more than ten times year. Now he has returned to the second line, but Gupu is still a master worth studying. On January 5, 1998, it was the most brilliant moment in Gusph's life. He defeated the British King's Diana, the father of the clone of Sheep Dolly, Ian Wilmat and the Fed Chairman, Allen Greenspan, became the "Times "Weekly" New Year's World Character, plus the performance of Intel in 1997, the reputation and prestige of Gupu were pushed into the peak. The afterwards have chosen to retreat, in May 1998, he handed the CEO's grant to the company's president Bedit, leaving only a more symbolic board chairman. This aspect is related to his age and physical condition, on the other hand, the CPU market in strategic turning point, forcing him to make the sages in advance. Since then, since the company's performance is poor, the company's stocks have fallen by more than 30% when the low-end market is operating. Gusph is just right, this kind of fighting, love is temper, and the iron-fledged ironman who has a driving force must make the stick to a more pleasing, more affinity, to make Intel Li. PC Direct Michael Dell Mik Dell (Michael Dell) has studied at the University of Austin, with a 19-year-old. In 1984, Mike Dell established Dell in $ 1,000 and an unprecedented idea in a personal computer industry, that is, an intermediary that avoids less value added to the product, directly to the final user. Personal computers. This can cancel the inventory according to order production, and combine the logistics service with the supplier to create a standardized, low-cost corporate culture. Through this innovative linear ordering method, Dell has become one of the world's top personal computer suppliers in the industry, and is the fastest growing major computer in the leading computer line ordering company and the world's fastest-developed main computers. System company. Dell has brought the global revolution in the leadership of the PC, and is also recognized as the largest computer system online provider. Mike Dell has become one of the youngest CEO at the time. His personal assets have reached 21.49 billion US dollars. . Steve Jobs, Apple
Not long ago, the US "Los Angeles Times" selection "50 most influential characters in the 20th century economic field", Steve Jobs and another Apple Computer founder Woz Nick side 5 Name, their contribution mainly "created Apple Computer, driving global computer popularization application, forcing IBM PC in 1981". " After more than 20 years of grinding, people found a series of successful flash in Steve Jobs: The first is the leader of information consumption technology products, followed, is a random entrepreneur. In 1976, 21-year-old Jobs and 26-year-old Woz Nik have established Apple Computer in Jobs's own garage. Their first product is a computer circuit board without keyboard, chassis, sound and image, they call Apple I. In April 1977, they have successfully developed AppleI, which is the first personal computer product with colorful graphics display functions, keyboard, power and modeling, and the first personal computer in the market. In 1985, Apple already had $ 2 billion in assets, which grew as a splendid pearl of Silicon Valley. Another achievement of Jobs was to return the company's large-scale-axled corporate restructuring and a series of new products. Jobs seized the opportunity brought by the Tong of the Internet, and successively launched a series of epoch products such as Power Macintosh G3, IMAC and IBOOK. Not only let Apple Computer will die, but from the deficit, it has become a profit, but also makes the apple 1998 The fourth fiscal quarter created a profit of $ 109 million. Apple returned to the position of the global information technology trend leader and drive new trend of fashion and ease of use of global personal computers and information technology products. Blue Salvation Louis Aurasa, in the late 1980s, IBM, IBM, who took the head in Shary, and faced the newly rising PC to die with large computers. In the early 1990s, due to the depression of the European and American economic depression, IBM's internal institutions were bloated. For several years, the company's stocks have fallen. For a while, many pessimistic people believe that IBM is difficult to escape the destiny of the cozy, IBM almost It became a broken car that no one wants. In 1993, Gu Shina officially took over IBM and began to launch into the PC industry to enter the army. At the end of 1994, IBM received a first profit of $ 3 billion since the 1990s. As Guo Shina said, the information revolution is about to happen, IBM can no longer rely on bright skin shoes and smile. On June 5, 1995, Guo Shi, who handled internal affairs, finally swept the front of the outside. He aimed on Lotus, regardless of the opposition of Gim Manz, president of Lotus, decided to force an annex. On June 11, this business event finally sold $ 3.5 billion and became the largest purchase in software in the history of software. After that, Guo Shina used Lotus's Notes software as a weapon, launched a general attack to the software market, and won the corporate network market. In 1995, IBM revenue broke through 70 billion US dollars. Guo Shi brought rolling profits for IBM and earned himself a lot of income. In 1996, he had obtained 8.25 million institutions and the book is worth 69 million US dollars. In March 1997, the Board agreed to add 300,000 institutions to him, hoping that he would take a term until 2002, and the company will add 2 million stock subscription rights. If IBM stocks maintain a 10% increase, this stock will value $ 330 million.
