Research on Framework of Provincial Highway Pavement Management System Based on GIS
Summary-based provincial-level highway pavement management system is a highway pavement management system including asphalt pavement and cement concrete pavement using road management technology, traffic geographic information system technology and HDM-4 model. In this paper, the modeling method of the provincial highway road management system based on the system engineering is analyzed, and their relationship between the components of the provincial highway road management system and their relationships in the life cycle cost model framework. Specifically, this paper analyzes the road management process, introduces the concept of information quality level in the HDM-4 model of the World Road Association, and applies traffic geographic information system GIS-T to the road management system. Key words pavement management system, system analysis, HDM-4 model, GIS, traffic geographic information system (GIS-T)
Abstract GIS-based pavement management system for province-level freeway uses the technology of pavement management and geographic information system for transportation, the models of HDM-4 to build a freeway pavement management system for both asphalt pavement and concrete pavement. With the guidelines of system engineering principles, this paper analyses the modeling method of the components of the freeway pavement management system and their relationship in the framework of life cycle cost model. Specifically, this paper analyses pavement management process, introduces the concept of information quality level of the World Road Association's HDM-4 Model, Applies The Technology of Geographic Information System for Transportation (GIS-T) in Pavement Management System.
Key Words Pavement Management System, System Analysis, HDM-4 Model, GIS, Geographic Information System for Transportation (GIS-T)
0 Preface
Since the 1990s, under the guidance of the national highway main trunk, my country's highway construction has accelerated, especially in recent years, the annual highway has reached thousands of kilometers. The Ministry of Communications Comprehensive Planning Division "2001 Highway Waterway Traffic Statistical Analysis Report" has added 3152 kilometers from the new train in the whole year, so that the national highway mileage reached 19437 kilometers, and jumped to the second place in the world. The highway of nearly 20,000 kilometers is a huge social asset. It is necessary to study how to better utilize and manage this asset, regularly evaluate this asset, and propose reasonable maintenance programs to make it A better way to play the role of traffic artery. Due to the geographical characteristics of highway data, GIS has an unacceptable advantage in processing geographic characteristics and spatial analysis. Therefore, establishing a GIS-based highway pavement management system is an inevitable trend of road management system development. GIS-based provincial highway pavement management system is a highway road management system including asphalt pavement and cement concrete pavement with road management technology, traffic geographic information system technology, and HDM-4 models. In this paper, the modeling method of the provincial highway road management system based on the system engineering is analyzed, and their relationship between the components of the provincial highway road management system and their relationships in the life cycle cost model framework. 1 Information Quality Level Paterson and Scullion (1990) Define the Information Quality Level Concept (Information Quality Levels) IQL.
The IQL concept allows us to structured road management information, which can meet different levels of decision-making needs, and have diversity when collecting and processing data.
In road management, five levels are usually used in Table 2-1.
Figure 1-1 Information quality level
Table 1-1 Information quality grading and description
level
description
1
The most detailed level of data can be used as a reference reference benchmark for other measurement methods and basic surveys, and can also be used in detailed venue surveys and in-depth problems, and is used for higher level project design. Usually used in special occasions, it is not possible for network monitoring.
2
Sufficient detailed data, used to understand the programming model and standard design methods. Used for planning, only for the sample layer. It is sufficient to distinguish between different technical solutions, and different sizes of materials. Differences in the performance and economic returns. Collection method for standard project level data. It is usually necessary to automatically get a method for network-level investigations for network-level programming. Need reliable technical support and resources.
3
The planning model is sufficiently detailed, the standard programming model of road network level. For project-level design, suitable for small data, as well as low traffic roads / bridge design methods. It can be collected by a semi-automated method or automatically combined with manually in a network-level survey.
4
Basic statistics for directory, performance, and tools, for the interests of road network owners and users. Suitable for the easiest planning and programming models, for the project, only the road to the standard design method is very low traffic. The simplest, most basic data collection method, completely manually or semi-automatic, providing direct but approximate measurements, suitable for small or lack of resources. Of course, statistics can also be calculated from more detailed data.
5
Combining road quality with other sizes such as structural load capacity, security, and traffic congestion - represents higher levels of information, such as "Road Status".
2 traffic geographic information system
GEOGRAPHIC Information System for Transportation, English abbreviation is GIS-T, is a computer soft and hardware system for integrated processing spatial information and traffic information. It is the development of GIS technology in the transportation field, and is integrated with various traffic information analysis and processing technology.
Main functions of the traffic geographic information system:
1) Basic function
Basic functions are used to edit, display, and measure layers, mainly including editing, comprehensive mapping, and measurement. Editing features allow users to add and delete points, lines, faces, or changing their properties; integrated mapping features can be flexibly produced and displayed maps, layered output maps, such as traffic plan, national track, etc., show geographical elements, technical data And can enlarge the reduction to display different details; the measurement function is used to measure the length of the map on the map or the area of the formulation area. 2) Overlay function
The superposition function allows multiple layers to compare the elements and properties of the map on space, divided into synthetic superimposed and statistically superimposed. The synthesis of a new layer of superimposed layer shows all of the features of the original layer, and the feature area interspersed with each other shows only a common feature; the purpose of the statistical superposition is to statistically distribute the distribution characteristics in another element.
3) Dynamic segmentation function
The dynamic segmentation function is to segment the wiring in the map network, and the segment is dynamically performed, and corresponds to the current wiring attribute. If the attribute changes, create a new set of sections.
4) Topographic analysis function
The terrain analysis function is mainly through the digital terrain model (DTM), and the continuous distribution is simulated by a discrete distribution point, and the road design creates a three-dimensional surface model, which is very important in road design.
5) Raster display function
The raster display enables GIS to include pictures and other images, and multi-analyze the corresponding attribute data, updating the layer. For example, the original road layer is updated by adding a bridge, intersection, and modified line shape; superimposing the strip (or multilateral) layer can marke land use and other attributes.
6) Path optimization function
The shortest path analysis model is used in the transportation demand analysis that has been used for many years, and the integrated GIS-T has the function of the model without having to link other software.
In summary, spatial analysis is the core of the geographic information system; superimposing analysis, terrain analysis, and path optimization, providing a strong tool and broad application space for traffic geographic information systems.
3 Provincial Highway Pavement Management System Framework Based on GIS
3.1 Analysis Framework
The system adopts the basic method of life cycle cost analysis framework as an economic analysis, and the entire system is based on this framework.
Figure 4-1 Roadside Life Cycle Cost Analysis Framework
3.2 System Features Demand 1) Acquisition Roads and Traffic Information
The pipe department can record traffic information on the road every day, while entering the road condition information for regular inspections into the database. In this way, traffic volume can provide decision support for traffic control, expansion, and new roads; road conditions can provide decision-making support for conservation and maintenance work.
2) Evaluation of the road conditions
Evaluate road conditions by establishing a good pavement performance evaluation model.
3) Develop road maintenance strategy, predict future road performance
Use the established model library, choose different road maintenance strategies for different pavement damage. At the same time, the pavement performance after each conservation strategy is predicted.
4) Economic analysis, sorting the projects that need to be maintained.
3.3 System Composition System consists of three parts: database, model library, and geographic library.
Figure 4-3 System composition structure diagram
The model library can reference the model that has been established, is being used, and the effect is better. During the implementation process, you can correctly correct it through local data.
3.4 Features of the system
The system framework proposed in this paper can collect roads and traffic information, evaluate the road conditions, formulate road maintenance strategies, predict future road performance, conduct economic analysis, and sort the projects that need maintenance. The entire system framework draws on the advantages of similar systems at home and abroad, with advanced nature on the architecture. The advanced nature of the system is reflected in: 1) Intuitiveness
With GIS technology, different colors are expressed in the system's GIS interface with different PCI values after calculation, and the user can intuitively obtain the road conditions of the road segment; at the same time, use dynamic segmentation technology to combine road properties. Inquiry, in the GIS interface, the query results are expressed, and support for decision-making. 2) Easy to scalability
The framework and model library of the system is separated from data, it is easy to expand, and the user can develop a new model as needed, such as a new road type, which can also establish its performance prediction model.
3) Adaptiveness
The accuracy of the system model prediction is increasing with the increase of the amount of data, it can correct the existing model to more in line with the actual situation.
4) Hierarchical
With the concept of information quality, the data to be collected is defined and graded to accommodate data requirements for network-level and project-level, while reducing unnecessary data acquisition work.
4 Conclusion
This paper establishes a Framework for the provincial highway road management system based on GIS. On this basis, the road management system is established and implemented, and the following issues are required:
(1) The reliability of the road performance probability prediction model provided by the PMS. There are many road performance probability prediction models, including genetic algorithms, artificial neural networks, statistical analysis, expert system analysis, gray theory, etc., which model is more in line with the actual situation, and it is necessary to distinguish after later work.
(2) The reliability of conservation and maintenance strategies recommended by PMS.
(3) Determine the fullness of the pavement performance parameters. The parameters of the selected evaluation pavement performance can be reflected in the road performance well.
(4) Consistency of measurement method. The measurement tool is inconsistent, and the connection between these measurement results is needed to convert to a unified result.
With the in-depth of information construction in the transportation industry, GIS-based road management systems will be established nationwide. It greatly enhances the work efficiency of the management department, shorten the period of decision making, improves the accuracy of decision-making, thus saving the country billion tube funds.
references:
[1] Pan Yuli. Pavement management system principle. Beijing: People's Traffic Publishing House. 1998
[2] Yang Xiaoguang. Research on the Basic Framework System of China 's Traffic Information System. Highway Traffic Technology, 2000, 17 (10): 50-55
[3] Li Wei, Yao Zukang. Highway Facilities Space Database Concept Model Based on Geographic Information System. Journal of China Highway China. 2000,13 (7): 9-11
[4] William James Wilde, Steve Waalkes, Rob Harrison, Life Cycle Cost Analysis of Portland Cement Concrete Pavements, University of Texas At Austin, Texas, 2001
[5] Henry G. R. Kerali, Overview of HDM-4, The Highway Development And Management Series, The World Road Association (PIARC), 2000
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