Subsequent: After a long time, there are a lot of reasons, but I still want to continue writing it, I hope everyone can continue to pay attention and support, thank you!
3. Project planning stage: I have always treated the planning stage as the focus of project management, but I think the plan is not a beautiful WBS or network map, but a guide to implement, project members recognized. In the project plan phase, the first thing to do is the project objectives and main submits defined according to the project charter, and formulate the work decomposition structure (WBS) of the project, and then according to the work pack's workload (Work Effort) and the relationship ( Dependency) to schedule the progress of the project, based on the risk of the entire project, and then arrange the corresponding personnel for the activities of the project, and obtain the corresponding commitment of the project member, then determine the change management process of the project, and finally according to the project WBS, schedule, risk determine the cost of the entire project, and forming a project plan submitted to the project sponsor and project keyman people for approval and confirmation. The main submission of this stage is the project plan to ensure the feasibility of the project plan, and obtain the signature of the project initiator. Below I will discuss the main template of the project plan, the main conferences, the main conferences in the project program phase, from each part of the project planning phase, the main conferences and the main conference phase of the project plan.
Let us first look at the planning method of the project plan: (1) Project plan should be distinguished by long-term planning and short-term programs, making detailed plans for the task for one week and two weeks, and for two weeks after planning only Need to make guided planning, do not have to be too detailed, in the future, according to the changes in the plan, do the corresponding adjustment and refinement (long-term plan and short-term plan); (2) Determination of the project plan can adopt the target management method (Management " By Objective, emphasize the top and down interaction to formulate the objectives and tasks of the project. First, the project manager will formulate the project overall plan according to the project's charter, and then guide the project member to guide the formulation of the personal task according to the overall plan of the project, through negotiation, small Size population discussions to determine individual tasks. This kind of top-up, disciplined participatory management requires a strong sense of participation, so there may be a problem with low efficiency, the problem is not good, so the project manager needs to grasp the scale of the target management method, according to Different situations are properly adjusted; (3) Determining the rationality of the plan in the process of project planning, and how much; (4) in the project At the planned meeting, the "brainstorming" method is often used to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the project, mainly for the marking of the risk and the formulation of WBS.
The key control point of the program phase is the commitment of Project Plan and project members, as follows: (1) The project plan includes project WBS, project schedule, task allocation table, project milestone identifier, Risk identification and change management process. (2) When the project's task is assigned, the most important thing is to obtain the commitment of the project member, if he can't make a commitment (possibly entering the company), it is also necessary to specify the deadline completed by the task (DEADLINE, pressure generating power). The main matters involved in the planning phase: (1) Develop a project work decomposition structure: Decompose the project based on the objectives of the project, the project is broken down, forming the work decomposition structure (WBS), and develops WBS dictionary for WBS (WBS Dictionary, Detailed explanation of each Work package for each work package in the work decomposition structure, its main submission is the WBS and WBS dictionary. Decomposing work structure needs to comply with the following rules: a) Ensure that the range, time, and cost can be used to define it. b) Ensure whether you can give responsibilities to a member, a member (specified person in charge) or an organizational unit (specified head). c) Ensure progressive and cost evaluation. d) According to the principle of 80 hours, the time span of the work package should not exceed 2 weeks, otherwise it will bring some difficulties to the project control; the particle size of the control is not too thin, otherwise it will often affect the enthusiasm of the project member. The WBS dictionary can contain the work pack code (WBC), the description of the work pack, the progress information of the work package, the work pack constraint information, etc., the WBS dictionary starts from the perspective of the experience, I don't think there is no need to include PMBOK. All content, one thing is more important, that is, the WBS dictionary can express the work to do.
At the same time, in the process of developing WBS, it is necessary to exclude repetitive work with other projects to ensure the reusability of project work; finally according to WORKTVATION Items, ensure that work packages have completed the project objectives. If a deviation occurs, it is necessary to check, or if the WBS is unreasonable, or the project objectives cannot be implemented, then correct them; if you need to correct the project's goals, the difficulty is relatively large, because you must convince The project sponsor or project keyman is unrealistic about project objectives. (2) Project schedule: Project progress arrangement mainly determined the overall progress plan of the project, its main submission is the project schedule, the project schedule includes Gantt Chart, network map (NetWork Diagram), Milestone Chart, Milestone Checklist, critical path map, and critical path list (Critical path checklist).
In project schedule, first you need to determine the workload of a single activity (how long-room), in determining that the workload should not consider the management reserve for a single activity (€, in the risk management plan, from overall The reserve is used to estimate the daily projects of the entire project (more accurate), and of course, according to the previously similar items can be used to assess the scale of the project. Then determine the relationship between the activity (the order of activity), determine the pre-activity of each activity, and determine the relationship between the pre-activity and the activity (FS, SS, SF, FF); then on this basis, draw Network Diagram, Determine Milestone (Milestone Chart), forms a milestone chart, and establishes a milestone check list (Milestone Checklist), in general, the implementation of milestones is usually accompanied Holding some important documents and some major submission, in the start-up phase, the production of the project chart can be used as a milestone, but because the project plan occurs after the project startup phase, it is actually not a milestone, in the planning phase, project The confirmation of the program can also be used as a milestone of the project. In the execution phase, it is usually possible to divide 4-10 milestones according to the nature and size of the project, at the end phase, the project experience summary or the project acceptance can be used as a milestone of the project.
Then determine the critical path according to the network map (the shortest time completed by the project, to ensure that the project is completed, you must ensure that the critical path activity is completed on time), forming a critical path map, and is a critical path Create a check list (Critical Path Checklist) for easy tracking.
It is then necessary to analyze the feasibility of the project schedule according to the project's goal, ensuring that the project's intensity plan can meet the press-of-date implementation of the project objectives, and if the project schedule is determined, the final completion time is exceeded in the project charter, then The project schedule is required to reassess the project schedule, mainly investigating the activities of key paths, check whether these activities have the possibility of fast tracking, or whether it can be balanced costs and progress (Crashing, such as increasing people ) To speed up the project process, this time you need to consider the risk of parallel and balanced costs and progress methods; if you still can't complete it according to the project period, you can only consult with the project initiator and key project.
Finally, submit a confirmation of the project initiative and project keyman to form a project schedule base quasi-line.
