Architecture Web Service: Why do I need a web service?
content:
Faced Challenges: Complex System Docking Solutions Correct Solution: WEB Services and Business WebWeb services are the future? What is web service? Reference Author brief introduction
Chainivel@uddi-china.org) Chief System Architect July 9, 2001 (this article was originally published by IBM DeveloperWorks China website, its URL is http://www.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/)
This article is the first article of architecture web services, starting from the business needs of Web services to explore why Web services. First of all, the author analyzes the challenges faced by e-commerce applications: pragmatic and pursuit of economic interests is the demand for e-commerce today. However, the system architecture of e-commerce applications currently extensively enabled this business demand, complex application connection and program code have caused the high maintenance cost and update cost of the application. As the prior art innovation (rather than revolution), it is best to solve this problem and become the most reasonable solution in the current application environment.
Web services seem to be a new noun, now browse major mainstream technical forums, all are not paying attention to the development of Web services. But is it a web service? Many technicians have first contact Web services, there will be an illusion that this is a new system architecture, a new programming environment. Yes, the web service is a new concept, but his system architecture, his implementation technology is completely inherited, and it will never make the existing application to push down, but existing applications. An extension of the Internet. In this series, the author will start from what is a web service. Why do you need a Web service to start a web service, combine an instance, explain the architecture process of the web service. The resources cited herein mainly include two categories, one is the technical resource website of web services, including the technical information of a large number of web services, and the other is the "Stack" technical specification of the web service, they are a whole technical system. Including UDDI, SOAP, WSDL, XML, etc. The links of these resources are given in this article, and interested readers can find the desired content through these resource links. The challenge we know that the era of "crazy investment" for IT industry / COM has passed over the past decade, it is an era of experiments. Now, the entire industry has entered a pragmatic stage. Today, the focus of e-commerce development has been completely turned from past .com to the process of e-commerce from traditional enterprises. Since it is the e-commerceization of the company, the model is new is secondary, and whether it can bring economic interests to the company. When planning the e-commerce application of the company, the enterprise management personnel and system architects pay more attention to whether the e-commerce application can bring direct economic benefits to enterprises, whether it is conducive to cutting the cost of expenditure in a certain aspect, can be optimized Resource use, these are all driven by the business interests of the enterprise, in this round of e-commerce development, technology is completely for commercial services, any "new" technology that is offset from business needs, is inevitably useless . In the days of IT investment sharply, the system architects are careful, extensive research, summed up some (more small amounts, only 7 species), currently (more than 7 kinds) in a careful research on the pragmatic research on the operation mechanism of the enterprise. E-commerce applications, they are:
Enterprise (Portal): The essence of enterprise portal and general information portal, and enterprise portals are mainly important customers, partners and their employees. It should be personalized (the personalization here is not just a page), and a range of online services should be provided to enable customers, partners and employees to use the enterprise portal to obtain the necessary knowledge / information to obtain the enterprise portal and enterprises. Application for interaction and transaction processing. Online Chain Store (STOREFRONT): In order to expand products and services, broaden sales channels and increase sales, companies should establish online chain stores with their own brand identification. It should be noted here that the so-called online chain store is not to use a variety of languages to establish an online store in various countries. This is just one of the forms, more ways should be able to join the company's online store to all sorts. In an online entity, such as portals, industry trading markets, urban engines, etc., so that companies' sales channels spread throughout the web space. Group Intranet and Knowledge: Group's global intranet enables business employees to conduct effective communication and collaboration around the world to make full use of global resources to improve overall productivity. The Group's knowledge base can provide knowledge required for employees to enhance employee unit output to maximize employees. Supply Chain Management: In order to enhance the overall competitiveness of the company, companies often need to maintain and improve their relationships with their suppliers, take the purchase of pipelines and minimize operation costs, and do this, must E-commerce applications to create private trading channels and supply chain relations can achieve this goal. Customer Service: You can achieve cross-regional sales, enhance customer's close level and satisfaction, and reduce service costs by establishing such a customer-oriented service portal or self-service sales website. Distribution Management: Establish distribution management applications to quickly expand distribution channels and excavate new market opportunities. At the same time, companies can also cut training costs, service costs and product distribution costs, and reduce storage costs. Provide ASP (Application Service Provider): Enterprises can get new additional income by deploying ASP services on the Web. A (Application) of ASPs should be the digital performance of the core competitiveness of the enterprise. Under normal circumstances, its scope may include five types of six kinds of e-commerce applications mentioned earlier: enterprise portal, online chain store , Supply chain management, customer service, distribution management. In order to implement these e-commerce applications, there are few means: It is specifically planned and implemented by our IT department, outsourcing to software companies or solution providers planning and implementation, of course, the solution or implementation plan may contain platform software or Purchase of the dedicated software module. However, regardless of their own IT sector or outsourcing solution providers, the implementation plans given by the application are in front of the application. Once the application is deployed, these e-commerce applications inevitably need to be revised due to the continuous improvement and continuous changes in business environment and business needs, need to be updated to meet the new e-commerce processes. In the end, the company's managers will even customize specific applications for the company's employees, customers, and partners to obtain the largest commercial interests and maintain competitiveness. In the possibility of updating these applications, the following three may be the most important to occur:
It is often increasing new e-commerce applications, which often occurs once every week or every month; often changes to e-commerce processes, which often occurs once a week or every few days; frequent users To make changes, this even occurs even each hour, especially when needing for each customer, each partner or each company employee is customizing its preferred e-commerce application. There is no doubt that E-growing companies must face this problem, often application updates are the biggest problems facing today's e-commerce application deployment, how to enhance the company's response ability, reduce response expenses, enhance the competitiveness of the company, is All e-enterprises must face problems. Wrong solution: Solutions for complex system docking solutions In order to achieve this, most companies are trying to struggle, there is no doubt that they have invested much more funds and resources in IT, then they Is the choice correct? In business, it is undoubtedly correct, "" There is no e-commerce will be equal to no business ", but what? Do they take the right way? Let's take a look at how many companies do now? At present, when building the e-commerce applications I mentioned earlier, programmers are generally implemented using the "independent solution". That is to say, for each application, they are written for each required enterprise resource or external resource to make the application run. These resources include: legacy systems and databases, web applications, and web resources, as well as constantly emerging web services. Programmers also need to write more code to enable a large number of users to access each application, such as through the company's Web site, such as desktop applications in the company, and more. Since these applications are "hard" programming products, it is hard to be customized. When you need to integrate into a new e-commerce process, you need to provide access interfaces for additional user groups, and you need to inherit different e-commerce applications to provide more complete value-added services, all of which have to start from the initial system design. Why is this this? Because all applications are implemented from the perspective of one-time development, no change in the application needs to be done by a particular programmer. In this way, the reuse of e-commerce applications becomes unusually difficult by cross-applying integration. Since each application has its own unique infrastructure, these applications are extremely high in deployment, changes, and maintenance. Enterprises have to configure unique professional technicians every set of applications, and maintain close contact with different technical suppliers or solutions. At the same time, these applications can not be easily inherited, and the scale expansion of the application cannot be easily implemented as the scale of business commerce. We clearly realize that even if there is only one e-commerce application, its cost, maintenance and customization is so amazing. What's more about multiple such applications, the cost of the cost is likely to know. Let us examine the situation when enterprises deploy several such e-commerce applications:
The first application, the total cost of the company's payment should be the development and deployment cost of the application, as well as maintenance and update costs of operational timeliness. The second application, the development and deployment cost of the application is the same, but the company needs to spend additional integration costs, while the entire enterprise application environment becomes more complicated, the maintenance and update cost of its operation timeline may be exponentially increase. Similarly, when the third, the fourth application is deployed, the cost of the company may be highly amazing. The actual operation status of such e-commerce applications is not possible, but it is impossible to grow rapidly, and even causing the opposite effect, because at this time, IT departments have to hire more employees and spend more funds to manage these complicated. Various applications and maintained a variety of infrastructure of various load applications. Early e-commerce technologies, such as EDI, Web EDI (perhaps XML-based), content server, application server, EAI (Enterprise Application Integration), as well as those who create corporate portals and other single e-commerce applications (mentioned above) The independent solutions designed by seven applications cannot solve this problem. The reason why they are powerful is because they don't have exceptionally based on complex applications, and there is no good integration application development model. They all achieve complex application connectivity through program code to connect users, e-commerce applications, and other information. systematic. Such implementations are unable to effectively resolve large costs triggered by changes in the frequent e-commerce process, and cannot effectively solve the customization needs of various users. The right solution: Web service and business web in this section, I will describe a solution to all of the above issues.
E-commerce needs to get rid of the implementation mode of the independent solution, and requires the process of discarding complex system connections. An effective e-commerce application is definitely not based on programmers and those complex code. For e-commerce, the traditional development model dominated by the programmer should be replaced by the user-led development model. The lengthy serial development cycle should be replaced by instant, fast application assembly. At the same time, such an application should have highly customizable. If you explore its business nature, this is from time-tested business technology concept: "Instant Manufacturing" and "Scale" and other concepts, what we need to do is to extend traditional business concepts to e-commerce. After reading the description of the previous paragraph, everyone may think that this requires a technical more intricular change, in fact, otherwise. XML technology-based Web services is the best means to solve this problem. The use of Web services will change the current development mode and application deployment cost size. Various web service scales achieve certain e-commerce functions, combining various e-commerce web services to create dynamic e-commerce applications. Web services can be uniformly packaged in information, behavior, data performance, and business processes without considering what systems and devices are used. By using a web service, companies can use their own e-commerce components by abstraction and mixing. When the core competitiveness of a company is assembled, then these core competitiveness can be easily shared between different enterprises, while architecture across the enterprise e-commerce application, forming a business web. In the business Web, you will not need to purchase this e-commerce application to use the application software in this e-commerce application. The Web Services is a component that does not need to be purchased and deployed. This component is deployed to the Internet, and then a new component that is available everywhere, all applications only need to be able to connect into the Internet, you can use and integrate web services. By using web services, the cost of development is significantly reduced, and the programmer does not need to interact with a variety of platforms. He only needs to interact with a component, the web service, and the call interface of the web service is completely standard XML and related technologies. , There is also a significant decline in code implementation at the code. By using web services, deployment and integration costs, the process changes do not need to change a large number of code, even through tool support, more items do not need to change the program code. At the same time, as new web service technologies, such as WSDL / UDDI / WSFL, web services are dynamically assembled in runtime, while each user can even assemble with users. WEB service is the future? The Global IT Industry Research Review Agency Gartner Group has predicted the development of Web services in the next five years:
In 2001, the architecture development tool for Web services will be developed by major open companies. Developers can purchase these service-oriented development tools. At the same time they will start building a web service actually used. In 2002, commercial web services will appear, and a large number of B2C Web services for consumers will be used. In 2003, the UDDI registration center became increasingly important in the development of Web services, and commercial data was increasingly rich. The private UDDI registry will be put into use to support the exchange of internal service information. The government's Web Services (E-Government) applications will also appear. In 2004, various companies will generally accept web services-based business application models, and the computing model in service concentration will enter your youth. Private UDDI Registry is still in a variety of applications and advantageous status. New income models and commercial channels will be seen everywhere. 40% of financial financial services transactions will use Web service mode. 35% of online government services will be available in the form of a web service. In 2005, public UDDI registry received a lot of use as the exchange mechanism of public business information. Dynamic services also put a lot of use. At the same time, we see that major technical providers will launch a Web service in accordance with the prediction of Gartner Group: Microsoft's Visual Studio .NET, IBM's Web Service Toolkit, Sun's Sun Other, etc. WEB Service-based public technical standard SOAP / WSDL / UDDI / WSFL or has become a fact industry standard, or in progress, major technology providers and traditional commercial enterprises have invested in the standard development and application architecture. go with. Leaders of architectural architecture as a Web service also began to promote Web service technology in global. We have reason to believe that the Web service will become mainstream technology of future dynamic business web. What is a web service? We have discussed the feasibility and necessity of web services from the perspective and technical implementation of business needs. Since most of the readers are technicians, I believe that everyone's various implementation technologies for web services will be very interested, the architecture process for web services is also more interested in how to use Web services in a specific case. The architecture must be very interested, I will describe and provide answers in the subsequent sections of this article. Reference Web Service Technology / Review Website
WebServices.org, comprehensive technology website for Web services. IBM DeveloperWorks / Web Service Zone, IBM Web Services Technology Resource Center MSDN Online Web Services Developer Resources, Microsoft Web Services Developer Resources Website ITPAPERS / Web Service, ITPAPERS Web Services Comments Ability to resolve B2B e-commerce application interaction and integration Interop Stack Series Technology Standard Specification
UDDI performs white paper, UDDI-CHINA.ORG, UDDI.ORG UDDI Technology White Paper, UDDI-CHINA.ORG, UDDI.ORG UDDI Programmer API Specification, UDDI-CHINA.ORG, UDDI.ORG UDDI Data Structure Reference, UDDI-CHINA. org, UDDI.org Web Service Description Language (WSDL) 1.0, IBM, 25 Sep 2000 SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol Specification 1.1, IBM, Microsoft, DevelopMentor, 2000 Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition), W3C, 6 OCT 2000 Architecture Web Services Series
