ERP has been perfect for more than ten years in global application, and its extension has gradually expanded. From the perspective of China's status quo, we have a gap compared to international application levels. Therefore, Chinese companies are currently the most urgent experience in their own internal strength, only to improve their internal management, and then qualify for the optimization of supply chain, the application of decision-making support, and customer relationship management.
Differences in the company's sales environment have decided that their production plans and organizational methods are different, and the company's sales environment can be divided into five types.
Special production
Special production means that the product is specifically customized, main production activities, and procurement, design and trial processing according to customer orders, according to customer orders. For example, shipbuilding, special mechanical manufacturing and other industries, the company's delivery is very long, usually single-piece production. Such companies must pay attention to in ERP applications:
Project management will be included in the category of project management, and establish project management networks;
Order cost control The various costs related to the project, monitor project progress and project costs at any time;
The complexity of the constraints of the control components require that ERP applications must be able to process constraints in each production phase, and monitor programs at any time;
CAD, PDM integrated ERP applications should be able to integrate with the corresponding CAD or PDM products, and control the changes to the material list at any time.
Order production
Ordering production is to retain a certain number of semi-finished product stocks, arrange the product production according to the needs of customer orders. Enterprises have a small amount of product design after receiving customer orders, and the production scale is medium and small, including machine tool manufacturing, heat treatment equipment manufacturing and other industries. Such companies need to focus on the following aspects:
Dynamic BOM functional ordering requires a small amount of product design according to customer needs, so material list management must implement dynamic BOM design mode;
In the order-driven plan function order production, many semi-finished products and raw materials are driven according to customer orders, so they are required to drive lower level production orders and purchase orders through higher levels;
The delivery cycle of processing capacity constraints and material constraints is usually tight, and the production cycle must be restored and the material constraints and material constraints must be performed.
Cost Control Controls the deviation of actual cost and planning costs, providing cost improvement control.
Order assembly
In the production method of order assembly, the final assembly or processing is arranged according to the customer orders received. Unlike ordering production, its finished products are strictly designed according to modularization, there are several standard series, and companies will maintain certain semi-finished products inventory, production batch is medium-volume, such as miniature computers, cars and other industries. Such companies need to pay attention to the following aspects:
The application product design of the product configuration function is modular, so the pre-design of several options is required in the BOM design, and the corresponding product list is generated according to customer needs;
The main production plan application main production plan should be carried out at the finished product and component level. For parts production and stocking, organizational models for stock production can be appropriately used;
Multi-level ATP query order assembly is much more deformable, so the system can be required to check the number of ATPs at the levels of each material list.
Planned production
Planning production is organized according to the delivery plan, downstream manufacturers issued delivery agenda to suppliers according to their own production plan, and the company has arranged production plans, parts and semi-finished plans, and the planning strategy of stock production. The quantity is usually large, such as car parts, consumer electronics and other industries. Such companies need to pay attention to:
Productivity management should pay attention to the application of productivity management functions in planning and production organization, and formulate a reasonable and effective production plan;
Production organization traditional management model and Toyota management model combined with application;
Production to consume application materials to improve report efficiency, pay attention to maintain reasonable bad quality and consumption rates;
Application constraint control is based on handling capacity constraints, controlling the capacity and load of each time period; and suppliers develop long-term supply agreements to establish system data to establish supplier evaluation systems, and strengthen quality control;
Stock production
Production plan for stock production plans to arrange before customer orders arrive, the product is completely standardized. Production scale is usually medium-volume to large quantities, including stationery, food, pharmaceutical, beverage and other industries. The material list is different, and the delivery is shorter, and the company can make a rapid response to the market. In ERP system applications, such companies should pay attention to:
Reasonable use of sales historical data and system prediction function;
Key to formulate and control the main production plan, determine the reasonable demand time, order batch, safe inventory, etc .;
Use MRP to develop semi-finished products and raw materials, and reasonably divide the ABC category of stock materials.
ERP is a system engineering. When applied in different types of enterprises, the actual needs should be analyzed according to the characteristics of the enterprise itself, and the corresponding functional modules are properly implemented. It should be pointed out that it is necessary to combine the system of the advanced production plan, analyze the internal and external constraints, allowing ERP applications to help businesses practice.
