Office automation is the product of the information revolution, and it is also an important technical guarantee for social informationization. Looking back in the advancement of microelectronics technology and the development of communication technologies, various advanced office equipment appeared like a spring bamboo shoot. In order to adapt to the era of rapid, the competitiveness is required, each office has introduced the automation system. Office Automation As a comprehensive new discipline in the current international rapid development, office automation has become more and more attention.
Office Automation is one of the most important signs of information society. It combines people, computer and information into an office system, constitutes a human-machine information processing system that serves office business. By improving office efficiency, using advanced machinery and technology, office staff can make full use of various office information resources, thereby improving office efficiency, enabling office services from transaction levels into management, even assist decision-making, and raise office and management to A new level.
1, definition
In ancient office activities, people are used to using pen, ink, paper, and. Artificial hand copy, and the transfer of office official documents is mainly used as a means of transportation. In modern times, although there are some advanced office equipment such as mechanical typewriters, telephones, telegrams, etc., but still cannot adapt to the needs of social development. Nowadays, modern communication technologies and means, making advanced devices such as computer, printers, copiers, scanners, fax machines, have become an important tool for daily office activities, and accelerate the process of office automation.
As early as the 1940s, some companies in the United States began to use the machine to handle the office, called this means to the office automation. With the rapid development of economic and technology, especially information technology, office automation has long been outside the narrow office range, and quickly penetrates into management categories. People collect them as office automation (OA).
Office automation is to use advanced science and technology, and constantly make people's office business live animals into various modern office equipment, and consist of these equipment and office workers to serve some human machine information processing systems.
Detecting three points in the definition:
1 Using advanced scientific technology and modern office equipment;
2 Human machine information processing system composed of office personnel and office equipment;
3 Improve efficiency and improvement quality is the purpose of OA.
Office Automation is mainly for office-oriented office efficiency and quality, it focuses on the problem of human-machine interface, which is a modern office equipment, is a system consisting of hardware and software. A more complete office automation system is a whole link in person, office equipment and information resources.
It is popular that office automation uses modern equipment and technology, comprehensive or part of replacement of office personnel business activities, high quality and efficient processing of office information and office affairs. At present, office automation has combined computer technology, communication technology, scientific management ideas and behavioral science, applied to traditional data processing technology is difficult to handle, including non-numerical information and unclear structure Upper, effectively improved office quality and office efficiency.
1. Office of the office
There are many functions in the office, and the roots are in two aspects: First, the processing of office information; the other is to produce office information. Common office information mainly includes text, report, language, graphic image, etc.
2. Main content of office automation
Office Automation combines modern technology equipment, scientific management ideas and behavioral science, applied to office work to improve office quality and efficiency. Early office automation mainly uses single-machine equipment such as computers and copiers to reserve labor, and modern office automation has constituted a human machine system, making a part of office activities transition from people to the device. The main content of office automation includes all aspects of text processing, report processing, numerical and non-numerical calculations, graphic image processing, language processing, communication, information storage and management, schedule management, and auxiliary decisions.
2, characteristics
Office Automation is one of the most important signs of information society. It has the following characteristics: one, it has the following features:
1. Office Automation is a new discipline of a comprehensive multi-technical in the world.
The theoretical basis of office automation is behavioral science, management science, system engineering, sociology, human-machine engineering, etc., its technical foundation is computer technology, communication technology, automation technology, etc., including computer technology, communication technology, system science, Behavioral science is the four major pillars of office automation or four major support techniques. In combination, office automation is dominated by behavioral science, system science is the theoretical basis, comprehensively uses computer technology and communication technology to complete the office business. Office automation is not a branch of simply automated science, but an era product of information society is a comprehensive discipline technology.
2. Office Automation is a human machine information system
In the office automation system, "people" is a determinant, which is the designer, instructor and results enjoyment of information processing; and "machine" means office equipment, it is the necessary conditions for office automation, tool and means of information processing. . Information is the object of processing in office automation, integrated with office automation and fully reflects the relationship between people, machines and information. A typical OA system should include information collection, information processing, information transfer, information saving four basic links, the core task is to level
3. Office Automation has achieved integrated processing of office information
Information usually has the following form:
• Text: Refers to a variety of files, letters, files, manuscripts, etc .;
• Language: There is a telephone, sound post, sound file, etc .;
• Data: including data files, reports, records, etc .;
• Image: TV conference, TV supervision, etc.
• Graphics: including static graphics such as sample photos, charts, fax images.
The office system integrates a different technique of office equipment, and the computer is integrated in a computer, and various forms of information are combined in one system, so that the office truly has a function of integrating this information.
4. The goal of office automation is very clear, in order to improve office efficiency and quality
Office automation is a auxiliary means of people who produce higher value information, making office utensils into intelligent integrated tools.
Office automation will integrate many independent office, and improve the degree of automation, thereby improving office efficiency, facilitating office work, gaining greater benefits, and has a positive impact on information society. Its main features are:
(1) Office Automation is a comprehensive discipline involving secretarial, administrative management, electronic, mechanical, physics and other technologies such as computer, communication, automation.
(2) Office Automation is a human machine system that integrates three people, machine and information resources. It includes information acquisition, processing, delivery, and saving four basic links.
(3) Office Automation includes integral processing of information such as text, data, language, and image.
(4) Office automation can deal with office information and affairs efficiently.
The office automation system can be divided into three levels, or three subsystems. They are transaction processing, information management and decision support subsystems. As shown above.
In the above three levels, transaction processing is the most basic level, and information management is a second level, and decision support is at the highest level. They are interdependent and interconnected between them. Decision support relies on the information provided by the information management, and the information management has rely on the acquisition, processing, and screening of the transaction layer on information. The connection between three levels can be implemented by the data of the computer's data and programs. At present, the domestic affairs processing-level office automation system is most common, and is still gradually developing and perfect.
3, function composition
1. Receiving management
The transceiver management is mainly responsible for the prefabricity, transceiver, approval, archiving, query search and printing of workflows. The existing drafter drafted the official document, and then sent to the approver through the network, issued after approval. When receiving a private document, advance to the registration, and then send it to the official document. After the designated appointment of the person, the official document will be automatically sent to the batch, and the people will last by the person. Archive. Various types of official documents have corresponding safety mechanisms, with corresponding confidentiality levels, and can also realize online briefing inquiries by specifying different permissions of different levels. The text management is used to implement computer automation control from the intra document from the proposed document, by applying, issuing, to the final finishing, archived issues, reaching the document. 2. Extender management
The management of foreign people is mainly to realize registration management of foreign people through an electronic bulletin board. Outliners use this bulletin board to announce their out-of-income, contacting methods, outning hours, and processes as specified during the outgoing period, and notify the relevant news from them. After returning, the outgoing advertisement is revoked through the network.
3. Conference management
In the traditional way, a large number of documents needed when meeting meetings make people's headache, and in the OA mode, it is easy to make network remote real-time conference control, graphic, and video online transmission. And can be managed by browser arrangements.
4. Leadership activities
It is primarily responsible for unified coordination and arrangements for leadership and activities, including a weekly event arrangement and daily activities. Relevant personnel can schedule the schedule to arrange the corresponding work without conflicting.
5. Forum management
The so-called forum is similar in real life, which is used for system internal personnel to publish related public information. Forum management is mainly responsible for the management of this information, such as information classification, update, and more. Bulletin can be used to release various notices or other public information. Email can be opened inside, and has information exchange capabilities and information external to the system. Leaders and business personnel at all levels can easily get almost all information, information, and other data related to their work, even if it is at home or in business trips.
6. Personal user management
The personal user workbench is used to manage the work of the people, such as schedule schedules, activities, view processing on the day, and store individual information, records, etc. In addition, individual users can exchange opinions, discuss issues and transfer materials via email with other units or individuals.
7. Email
Email system can complete information sharing, work approval process, document pass, and other functions.
8. Telecommuting
Every staff cannot guarantee that it has been working in the office. When moving away from the office or business trip, it is very important to understand some of the unit's data information; when you want to set a few office points from the place where the unit is far away, the remote computer can be completed via the telephone network, DDN line and so on. All the functions of the office.
9. Archive management
Office automation systems can implement interactive labor and personnel management. Combine employee data and attendance system, wage management, personnel management, effectively improve work efficiency, reduce management costs, realize high-speed, real-time query management.
10. General Information
Provide telephone number inquiry in unit employees, enhance employees and units of communication; provide relevant laws and regulatory inquiry at home and abroad, and provide relevant consulting services. Public information services not only make information on other information resources within the unit, but also enable the society to share the information of the government, enterprises and institutions, such as corporate image propaganda.
11. Briefing Journal
Provide queries and specific information retries of major newspapers and magazines at home and abroad. Thoroughly change the traditional way of manual. To organize, refine, save the government, and the various useful information of the enterprise provides users with sharing information. Provide information query, statistics, analysis, and assist leadership decision management
4, domestic and foreign development
Office automation has developed rapidly in developed countries such as the United States and Japan. This table is the development of the United States, and Japan is relatively lag. The development of the World OA system is very rapidly. The governments of the world attach great importance to the development of the OA system of the country, and they do not hesitate to spend huge money. The US office automation has developed in the company and enterprises than the government department, and the level is also high. All companies, companies not only treat OA as a means of improving efficiency, cost savings, but also use it to strengthen business management, as an important condition for improving corporate quality and corporate competitiveness.
After the 1990s, the development trend of foreign office automation is as follows:
1) OA equipment focuses on high performance, multi-function, composite and systematic development;
2) OA system towards digital, intelligent, paperless and integrated development;
3) The office work station with the computer will develop in the multimedia direction of processing text, data, sound, graphics;
4) The status of communication in the OA system will be further enhanced, and modern communication technologies can be fully utilized to establish a global network system.
my country's office automation technology is getting late, and the technology is incorporated into my country in the 1970s. In the 1980s, it really received and developed. This form is the development of my country.
my country's office automation development is characterized by late, developed rapidly, first of all, serving political, economic, defense. There are 12 large-scale information management systems for the national investment construction of 12 major information management systems for economic, electronic, energy, meteorological, military, public security, electronic, energy, meteorological, military, public security and national high-level leadership, have large scale, complete system, high technology and modernization. Management efficiency is an OA system representing my country 's level level. At present, my country's office automation system is moving towards integrated, networked, multimedia and intelligent international level.
The realization of office automation is not only part of the replacement secretary. It will cause profound changes in office systems, working methods, office processes, traditional habits, work environment and decision-making process, so that office behavior is scientific, standardized. standardization. Experiences in countries have shown that national economic modernization must rely on the improvement of management levels at all levels and office automation. Therefore, office automation will have a profound impact on all aspects of my country's entire social life.
5, office automation equipment
In order to have the function of the office automation system, in addition to the corresponding knowledge training of office personnel, the corresponding office hardware equipment and software resources must be provided. In the main business in modern office management, such as text editing, information processing, information transmission, information retrieval, etc., is inseparable from the computer, it is a protagonist of office automation. Therefore, in the office automation system, the computer is essential. The hardware and software composition of the office automation system is shown.
The hardware of the office automation system refers to the actual devices and devices in the office automation system, and the software refers to a computer program for operation, management, maintenance, and application development computers.
• Communication equipment: such as: LAN, phone, electrical transmission, etc.
• Output devices: such as image scanner, copier, fax machine, etc.
• System software: such as operating system, language translation procedure, etc.
• Support software: such as: Database Management System
• General Software: such as text processing system, graphics processing system, etc.
• Special software: pay management system, book management system, etc.
The electronic computer is generally known as a computer. There are many types of computers, depending on its size, larger, large machines, small, medium, microcomputer, and portable machines. Based on their use, it can be divided into dedicated computers and general purpose computers. Currently, the office is most commonly used in multimedia universal microcomputers. A computer system must consist of two parts of hardware and software, both organically combined, complement, can be systematic. In fact, in the development of computer technology, computer software develops with hardware technology, in turn, the continuous development and improvement of software, and promotes the new development of hardware.
The printer is one of the main output devices of the office automation system. The printer is divided into two series of products in combat and non-hitting. The hitting type is mainly in needle-type printers, and non-hitting includes laser, inkjet and thermal lifting printer.
In the 1950s, US Xerox Company launched the first commercial copier.
According to the photocopier development method, it can be divided: single components and two components.
According to the color of the copy: monochrome and color.
Press copier size points: popular (A3), portable, large engineering drawings (A2 or more).
Press the use of paper type: special paper, ordinary copy paper.
Press the imaging processing method: Digital, analog.
The fax machine is a communication means for transmitting still images. It can pass the communication line, the file, chart, the handwriting, and photo paper page still image signals from one end to the other end, and is printed on the paper to get the same hard copy as the sending file. Therefore, some people also call it a long-distance copy.
English is Facsimile. FAX is commonly used.
The scanner is a high-tech product that is integrated with optical machine is the most widely used input device in addition to keyboard and mouse. The scanner is used for a variety of purposes, such as the use of it into the photo creation byte; enter a variety of pictures to establish your own website; scan your handwritten letter and send it out to replace the fax machine; you can also use the scanner to cooperate OCR software Enter the newspaper or book content, exempt the keyboard to enter the hardships of Chinese characters. The extraordinary features of these scanners have enabled us to improve efficiency and increase fun in all aspects of office, learning, and entertainment.
Digital cameras are a special camera capable of performing shooting and converting the captured optical image into a digital format, by internal processing.
6, office software introduction
Microsoft Office is the office automation software developed by Microsoft, and Office XP is the latest version (fourth generation).
Word is mainly used for text input, editing, typography, printing, etc., can make a copy of writing, documents, reports, papers, business contracts, writing places, etc.
Excel is mainly used for budget, finance, and data summary of heavy tasks;
PowerPoint is mainly used to make presentations and slides and sports, and even make greeting cards, flow charts, organizational maps, etc .;
Access is a desktop database system and database application;
Outlook is a desktop information management application that can be used for contact lists, schedules, etc .;
FrontPage is primarily used to make and publish Internet web pages.
The content between these software can be called, interconnected, or share data resources using copy paste functions.
Lotus's SmartSuite is another popular office suite, a wide range of business office applications.
my country Zhuhai Jinshan Software Co., Ltd. is launched.
OpenOffice 5 years ago German company, started to develop a cross-platform office software StarOffice and free download. It is the only product that is very close to Microsoft Office and cross-platform. 2 years ago, Sun acquired STAR software company and continued to develop until October 13, 2000, an amazing message: Sun opened the most source code of Staroffice, and established an OEPNOFFICE.org organization specialized in open source code Development of office software. Now OpenOffice development software follows two protocols: Open the source code GPL protocol or no open source Sissl commercial copyright protocol, RedOffice is followed.
The basic concepts of office automation are introduced, and the main functions of office automation systems introduce the basic common sense of microcomputers, printers, copiers, fax machines, and other common modern office equipment, and briefly introduce the applications of common office software. Here, the knowledge introduction of office automation is focused, so that everyone understands the relevant concepts and basic knowledge of office automation, and lay the foundation for the latter operation.
