LILO User Guide (on)
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Hubertzou
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LILO Usage Guide (on) Hubertzou@linuxAid.com.cn The initial start of the computer is controlled by the BIOS. After initialization of some hardware (eg, memory, keyboard, etc.), it will attempt to load the main boot record of the hard disk (MBR) Or the guiding sector of the floppy disk. The MBR can operate in two ways, which is positioned to the active partition and load the corresponding guiding sector, and then complete the loading of the basic components of the operating system within the partition; second, it is loaded directly from a designated partition. Information, and through which the operating system such as LILO, GURB, OS / 2 Boot loader and PartitionMagic can be configured in this way. The boot sector of the floppy is equivalent to the boot sector of the hard disk activity partition, which is usually used to load the operating system on the floppy disk. Just install the multiple guides such as LILO on the MBR, active partition, or boot floppy disk, you can take over the control of the computer, and then the successor boot process is completed by the multiple guides. It is built in LILO to include a list of tabs, where it can be positioned to Linux kernel files, which can be linearly linear of LBA according to the cylindrical / head / sector (CHS) mode. Block mode, therefore, even if some SCSI control program LILO can operate well. First, MBR or the root partition of Linux first encountered LILO, and it is estimated that when you install Linux, you will be asked to choose Lilo installation, which is MBR or the root partition of Linux. If you have other boot management programs such as boot magic or system commander, and want to use them, then you should install lilo to the root partition of Linux. If you choose to use Lilo as a startup manager, you can choose MBR. If you want to pass parameters to the kernel during start, you should use MBR. After using LILO as the startup program, there will be a LILO: prompt after the machine starts, press the Tab key to see the list of operating systems that can be selected. Enter the operating system tag name to start to the corresponding operating system, or enter the carriage return to the default operating system directly. The images mentioned in lilo.conf can be more than 16. Second, LILO.CONF usually explain let's take a LILO boot profile (/etc/lilo.conf) instance: boot = / dev / hda3map = / boot / mapinstall = / boot / boot.bprompttimeout = 50message = / boot / messagedefault = newimage = / boot / vmlinuz-2.4.3label = newread-onlyroot = / dev / hda3image = / boot / vmlinuz-2.2.19label = linuxread-onlyroot = / dev / hda3other = / dev / hda2label = DOS This profile specifies that LILO uses main boot records on / dev / hda path. When startup, the boot loader will wait for 5 seconds to let you press the Shift key. If not pressed, the first core image (VMLinuz-2.4.3) mentioned above will be started. If you press the SHIFT key, the boot loader will ask which image you want to start. In case you forgot this choice to start which image, press [Tab] there will be a menu to choose from. You can choose or start this new core, or start a reliable kernel (VMLinuz-2.2.19) or start a different operating system.
As can be seen, a configuration file begins with a series of global options, which is a description of the different image options. The options in the image description will overwrite the content set by the global option. The global option section Boot = boot-device setting the name of the device that includes the boot sector (such as a partition of a hard disk). If this keyword boot sector is not specified, it will be read from the device installed as a root file system (or may also write). Compact Attempts to combine multiple read requests of adjacent sectors into one read request. This greatly reduces the read time and makes the system description (MAP) smaller. In particular, the 'Compact' option is used in particular when reading from the floppy drive. DEFAULT = Name uses specially specified images as the default startup image. If the 'defaul' option is not set, the image that appears in this configuration file will be used as the startup image. DISC = Device-Name Defines non-standard parameters for a particular hard disk. It is especially useful for definition 'bios =' parameters. If your hard disk's BIOS data is 0x80, 0x81 (sixteen), etc., it will not be able to determine which Linux disk corresponds to which BIOS disk (because this is determined in the BIOS settings and the type of BIOS). So if you use a non-general installation, you need to explain the correspondence between Linux disks and BIOS disks. For example: Map = MAP-FILE Location Disk Description (MAP) file. If the 'Map' option is not specified, the / boot / map file will be used. Message = message-file Specifies a file that contains information displayed before running the startup prompt. There will be no information display in the time of the "LILO 'after the button is displayed. In the information, the local display is emptied with FF characters ([Ctrl L]). The size of the information file is limited to 65535 bytes. If the information file is changed or canceled, you must rebuild the Disk Description (MAP) file. PROMPT does not wait for any button events to enter the launch prompt mode directly. If the 'PROMP' option is set without setting the 'Timeout' option, you cannot start itself. Timeout = Tsecs Sets a timeout option (in 10 minutes) for the keyboard input. If there is no button in the specified time, the first image will be automatically started. Similarly, if the user pauses too long, the password input will be canceled. The default timeout value is unlimited. In addition, both kernel configuration parameters append, ramdisk, read-only, read-write, root, and VGA can be set in global options. If it is not specified in the configuration bar of the corresponding core image, this setting value will be used to do the default default. A single image part is part of a single image or starting with a line image = pathname (to prompt the file or device with a LINUX kernel), or start other independent systems with a row other = pathname to prompt to start other independent systems. The Label = NAME boot loader uses the main file name (without path) of each image description (not included). Different names can be used by setting variable 'label'. Alias = Name can use the second name to the same directory by specifying an individual name. Password = password with password protection image. Restricted If the parameters are specified at the command line, only the image is entered only if the image is started. The kernel option section If the started image is a Linux kernel, you can transfer the command line parameters to the kernel. Append = string increases the specified options to the parameter line transmitted to the kernel.
Its typical use to designate parameters that cannot be completely self-test or thoroughly investigating it. For example: append = "hd = 64, 32, 202" ramdisk = size This option specifies the size of the optional RAM disk. 0 indicates that any RAM disk should not be created. If this parameter is not specified, the RAM disk size created in the root file system is used. Read-Only When using the Read-Only option, the system is histed to read-only mode, and this option is recommended because the FSCK program requires only the file system read only. But don't worry that your root partition will not be written. In contrast, once the system starts, it will hister the root partition to read and write. Read-Write It specifies that the root file system should be loaded in a readable write. Root = root-device This parameter specifies the device that should be loaded as a root file system. If currently uses the specified name, the root drive is located on the device currently in the root file system. If the root device is modified by the -R parameter, use the appropriate device. If the 'root' parameter is not specified, use the root device settings containing the core image (this setting is set by the root_dev variable in the Makefile file in the kernel, and can be modified by RDEV (8) program later) VGA = Mode It specifies the VGA text mode that should be selected at startup. The following values can be identified (ignore the case): Normal: Select the normal 80x25 text mode. EXTENT (or ext): Select 80x50 text mode. Ask: Stop and require the user's input (at startup): Use the appropriate text mode. A list of available modes can be obtained with VGA = ASK options or press [ENTER] when starting. If this parameter is not specified, the VGA text environment obtained in the core image is used. (This setting is to compile the kernel time in the kenfile file in the kernel's Makefile file) LILO can also make you manually passed these parameters in the LILO prompt. For example: LILO: Linux Single is to tell Linux to start Linux to enter a single user mode. When the boot area is damaged, you can start from the floppy disk, then specify the root of the hard disk to repair the hard disk boot sector. LILO: Linux root = / dev / hda3 LILO boots other types of operating systems and boot Linux as the same configuration, but simpler: other = / dev / hda3 label = dos table = / dev / hda Other Indicates the partition where the operating system is located, the same The image under Linux also needs to give a label (label), the Table option points to the device containing the partition table, this option is essent, because Lilo will look for the corresponding partition information from this partition table, then pass him Give the operating system to be started. Any changes to lilo.conf require re-run / sbin / lilo to ensure that the latest changes can be written to the partition. Also, if you upgrade the kernel or reconstruct the Initrd image, you also need to re-run / sbin / lilo. After running / sbin / lilo, you can see the following information: Added Linux * Added DOS indicates that the various images have been written to the partition, with * partitions are current default guidance partitions.
