4.5.3 - Set the host name of the system
Now you have to set the host name. This value, along with the DNS domain name, will be stored in / etc / myname, this file is used to set the host name when starting. If you don't set the system's domain name, the system is Will use the default 'my.domain'.
Setting this name is important because it will be used when the system key is started after the system is installed. No matter whether the network is not configured, the key will be generated.
Enter System Hostname (Short Form, E.G. 'Foo'): PUFFY
4.5.4 - Configure the network
Now to configure your network. If you plan to do an FTP or NFS basic installation, you must configure the network, NFS installation needs to be based on the information you entered. This is an example of a network configuration during installation.
Configure the network? [Yes] Enter
Available Interfaces Are: fxp0.
Which one do you wish to initialize? (Or 'done') [fxp0] Enter
Symbolic (Host) Name for fxp0? [Puffy] Enter
The Default Media for FXP0 IS
Media: Ethernet AutoSelect (100Basetx Full-Duplex)
Do you want to change the default Media? [No] ENTER
IP Address for fxp0? (Or 'dhcp') 199.185.137.55
NETMASK? [255.255.255.0] ENTER
Done - no available interface.
DNS DOMAIN Name? (E.G. 'bar.com') [my.domain] eXAMPLE.COM
DNS Nameserver? (IP Address Or 'None') [None] 199.185.137.1
Use the nameserver now? [YES] Enter
DEFAULT ROUTE? (IP Address, 'DHCP' or 'None') 199.185.137.128
Add Net Default: Gateway 199.185.137.128
Edit Hosts with Ed? [NO] ENTER
Do you want to do any manual network configuration? [No] enter
In this example, we used a static IP address. It should be pointed out that you can use "DHCP" on a lot of platforms (except alpha) if your environment is supported. If you use DHCP, most information will be far from far The end DHCP server is obtained; and you will ask you to confirm the information. Here is an example of configuring the network during the installation process, this time is using DHCP:
Configure the network? [Yes] Enter
Available Interfaces Are: fxp0.
Which one do you wish to initialize? (Or 'done') [fxp0] Enter
Symbolic (Host) Name for fxp0? [Puffy] Enter
The Default Media for FXP0 IS
Media: Ethernet AutoSelect (100Basetx Full-Duplex)
Do you want to change the default Media? [No] ENTER
IP address for fxp0? (Or 'dhcp') DHCP
Issuing Hostname-Associated DHCP Request for FXP0.
Sending on socket / fallback / fallback-net
DHCPDiscover on fxp0 to 255.255.255.255 Port 67 Interval 1
DHCPoffer from 199.185.137.128
DHCPRequest on fxp0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67
DHCPACK from 199.185.137.128
NEW NETWORK NUMBER: 199.185.137.0
NEW BROADCAST Address: 199.185.137.255
Bound to 199.185.137.55 - renewal in 43200 seconds.
Done - no available interface.
DNS DOMAIN Name? (E.g. 'bar.com') [eXample.org] ENTER
DNS Nameserver? (IP Address Or 'None') [199.185.137.1] ENTER
Use the nameserver now? [YES] Enter
DEFAULT ROUTE? (IP Address, 'DHCP' or 'None') [199.185.137.128] ENTER
Edit Hosts with Ed? [NO] ENTER
Do you want to do any manual network configuration? [No] enter
Note: It is very simple to configure a single interface in a DHCP mode when installing. If you want to configure multiple interfaces with DHCP, you will have a lot of errors. You must manually configure additional interfaces after installation.
Now let's enter a password T of the root user:
Password for root account? (Will not echo) Password
Password for root account? (Again) Password
Remember to use a security point password. You can also create new passwords with passwd (1) after startup:
The New Password Should Be At Least Six Characters Long and Not Purely
Alphabetic. ITS Total Length Must Be Less Than_password_len (Currently
128 Characters). A MIXTURE OF Both Lower and Uppercase Letters, NumBers,
And meta-characters is encouraged.
4.5.5 - Select Installing Media
After the network is established, the installation script will give you a chance to adjust the configuration. The file you created will be mounted by the root user will also be required to be entered. So your hard drive can prepare the software package set of OpenBSD .
Below, you have to pick up the installation medium. Options are listed.
You will now specify the location and names of the install sets you want to
Load. You Will Be Able To Repeat this Step unsteil all of your sets have been
Success, loaded. if you are not sue what sets to install, Refer to the
Installation Notes for details on the contents of each.
Sets can be located on a (m) OUNTED FILESYSTEM; A (C) DROM, (D) ISK OR (T) APEDEVICE; OR A (F) TP, (N) FS OR (H) TTP Server.
WHERE is the install set? C
AVAILABLE CD-ROMS Are: CD0.
Here we use the CD-ROM installation. There will be a list of devices that are identified as a CD-ROM. Most people only have one. If you have a lot of then choosing you to give you the OpenBSD.
Note: All available source installations will be listed, but not all ways can work on your machine. For example. "(N) fs" is listed, but not all platforms support NFS installation. . If you choose a non-feasible way, you will receive an error message and will be required to reselect the installation method.
AVAILABLE CD-ROMS Are: CD0.
Which One Contains The Install Media? (Or 'DONE') [CD0] ENTER
Pathname to the sets? (Or 'DONE') [3.6 / i386] Enter
Here, you want to set the position of the folder where the file is installed, the location on the official CD-ROM is 3.6 / i386 /.
4.5.6 - Select the installation kit.
It is time to choose the software suite you want to install. You can see a description of these packages in later, the files found by the installer will be displayed on the screen. Your job is to determine which file is you Needless. Non-x package defaults; however, some people need to limit the number of packages to run the basic OpenBSD system, which only choose Base36.tgz, etc36.tgz and bsd. Others may want to install all software package. The following example is completely installed.
The Following Sets Are Available. Enter a filename, 'all' to select
All the sets, or 'done'. You may de-select a set by prepending a '-'
To its name.
[X] BSD
[X] bsd.rd
[] bsd.mp
[X] Base36.tgz
[X] ETC36.tgz
[X] Misc36.tgz
[X] COMP36.TGZ
[X] man36.tgz
[X] Game36.tgz
XBase36.tgz
[] Xetc36.tgz
XShare36.tgz
[] xfont36.tgz
[] XSERV36.TGZ
File Name? (Or 'DONE') [BSD.mp] all
The Following Sets Are Available. Enter a filename, 'all' to select
All the sets, or 'done'. You may de-select a set by prepending a '-'
To its name.
[X] BSD
[X] bsd.rd
[X] bsd.mp
[X] Base36.tgz
[X] ETC36.tgz
[X] Misc36.tgz
[X] COMP36.TGZ
[X] man36.tgz
[X] Game36.tgz
[X] xbase36.tgz
[X] Xetc36.tgz
[X] xshare36.tgz
[X] xfont36.tgz
[XServ36.tgz
You can play your talent - -x * will remove all X components, if you change your mind. In this example, we have to make all the kits. Even if the system will not use all the kits, we It is recommended to open or install all the kits. Here is more choices. Once you have successfully selected the suite you want, you will see the prompt asking you to do not extract and install these kits. I will tell you how to install information and how much time you need to consume. The length of the installation time depends on how you install OpenBSD, how is the installation kit, how to install the source. This process is from more than a few hours.
File name? (Or 'done') [DONE] ENTER
Ready to install sets? [YES] ENTER
Getting BSD ...
100% | ********************************************************* *** | 5232 KB 00:08
Getting bsd.rd ...
100% | ********************************************************* *** | 4614 KB 00:02
Getting bsd.mp ...
100% | ********************************************************* *** | 5285 KB 00:03
Getting base36.tgz ...
100% | ********************************************************* *** | 31396 KB 00:22
Getting etc36.tgz ...
100% | ********************************************************* *** | 1655 KB 00:01
Getting Misc36.tgz ...
100% | ********************************************************* *** | 2193 KB 00:01
Getting comp36.tgz ...
100% | ********************************************************* *** | 18232 KB 00:15
Getting man36.tgz ...
100% | ********************************************************* *** | 6792 KB 00:05
Getting game36.tgz ...
100% | ********************************************************* *** | 2536 KB 00:01
Getting xbase36.tgz ...
100% | ********************************************************* *** | 10121 KB 00:07
Getting Xetc36.tgz ...
100% | ********************************************************* *** | 430 KB 00:00
Getting xshare36.tgz ...
100% | ********************************************************* *** | 1888 KB 00:02
Getting xfont36.tgz ...
100% | ********************************************************* *** | 31742 KB 00:22
Getting XServ36.tgz ...
100% | ********************************************************* *** | 15460 KB 00:11
Sets can be located on a (m) OUNTED FILESYSTEM; A (C) DROM, (D) ISK OR (T) APEDEVICE; OR A (F) TP, (N) FS OR (H) TTP Server.
WHERE is the install set? (Or 'done') [DONE] ENTER
Here you can add a desired additional package from other sources (including custom package kits), or when you have already installed all the package you want, then tap 'DONE'.
4.5.7 - Packing
Below you will ask some questions about setting the system that you just put, first is SSHD (8) Do you want to turn on when the system is started. Usually you want sshd (8) to run, but sometimes you don't I plan to do this. If your application is not dependent on SSHD (8), it is theoretically not running it or a certain security advantage.
Started sshd (8) by default? [Yes] y
You will be asked if you want to run x on this system. If you answer 'Y', /etc/sysctl.conf will be modified Add MachDep.Allowaperture = 1 or MachDep.Allowaperture = 2, which is to join? See what hardware platform you use. This problem will not be asked on some platforms.
Do you expect to run the x window system? [Yes] y
Below you will be asked if you want to use a cascade console, not a standard display and keyboard. If you choose "Yes" and answer other simple questions, /etc/boot.conf and / etc / TTYS will be modified according to your situation. Most people choose the default option - NO.
CHANGE THE DEFAULT Console To COM0? [No] enter
Your last task is to fill in the time zone. This depends on the location of your machine. This may have several equivalent applicable answers. In this example, we choose US / Eastern, and you can also use Est5edt or US / Michigan and Other options. Tap the keyboard? The prompt will guide you to make a choice.
Saving Configuration FILES ... DONE.
Generating Initial Host.random file ... DONE.
What Timezone Are you in? ('?' For list) [US / PACIFIC]?
Africa / Chile / GB-Eire Israel NZ-Chat Turkey
America / cuba gmt jamaica navajo UCT
ANTARCTICA / EET GMT 0 Japan PRC US /
Arctic / EST GMT-0 kwajalein PST8PDT UTC
ASIA / EST5EDT GMT0 Libya Pacific / Universal
Atlantic / Egypt Greenwich Met Poland W-SU
Australia / EIRE HST MST Portugal WET
Brazil / etc / hongkong mst7mdt roc zulu
CET EUROPE / ICELAND MEXICO / ROK POSIX / CST6CDT FACTORY Indian / Mideast / Singapore PosixRules
Canada / GB Iran NZ Systemv / Right /
What timezone is you in? ('?' For list) [US / PACIFIC] US
What sub-timezone of 'us' are you in? ('?' For list)?
Alaska Central Hawaii Mountain Samoa
Aleutian East-Indiana Indiana-Starke Pacific
ARIZONA EASTERN MICHIGAN PACIFIC-New
SELECT A SUB-TIMEZONE OF 'US' ('?' For list): EASTERN
Setting Local Timezone to 'US / Eastern' ... DONE.
If you are not sure about the exact time, you may want to read this.
The final step is to establish a / dev directory for the system (may time consumption on some machines, especially when your RAM is small), and install the start segment.
Making All Device Nodes ... DONE.
Installing boot block ...
Boot: / mnt / boot
Proto: / usr / mdec / biosboot
DEVICE: / DEV / RWD0C
/ usr / mdec / biosboot: entry point 0
Proto bootblock size 512
/ mnt / boot is 3 blocks x 16384 Bytes
FS Block Shift 2; Part Offset 3069360; Inode Block 152, Offset 4136
Using MBR Partition 1: Type 166 (0xA6) Offset 3069360 (0x2ed5b0)
DONE.
CONGRATULATION! YOUR OpenBSD Install Has Been SuccessFully Completed!
To Boot The New System, Enter Halt At The Command Prompt. Once To
System Has Halted, Reset The Machine and Boot from the Disk.
# Halt
SYNCING Disks ... DONE
The Operating System Has Halted.
Please press any key to reboot.
OpenBSD has been installed on your machine and waits for the first time, you only need ...
Before you restart
Now, your system is ready to restart and start configuring the service. However, before this, check the errata to check whether there will be some errors that you have an impact on you or a wise choice.
After you restart
The first thing that you want to read after you have installed the system is Afterboot (8).
You can also find it in a very useful connection below:
* Adding users in openbsd
* Initial Network Setup
* Man Pages of Popular / Useful Commands
* OpenBSD MAN Pages on The Web
* The openbsd ports and packages system for installing Software, as well as here and here last thing ...
OpenBSD development group I hope you send a DMESG. All developers, all users, will thank you.
4.6 - Do you need those files?
A complete OpenBSD installation can be broken down into a certain number of independent software package sets. Not all applications require all package sets. This is a description of each package:
* BSD - this is the kernel, must
* BSD.mp - multiprocessor core (SMP) (only for some platforms)
* BSD.RD - RAM disk kernel
* Base36.tgz - contains the required basic openbsd system
* etc36.tgz - contains files in all required / etc
* Comp36.tgz - contains compilers and its tools, header files and library files. Recommended
* man36.tgz - contains MAN page recommended use
* Misc36.tgz - Contains Misc Info, Setup Documentation
* Game36.tgz - Contains the Games for OpenBSD
* xbase36.tgz - contains basic X11 installation
* Xetc36.tgz - contains / etc / x11 and / etc / fonts configuration files
* XFont36.tgz - Contains X11 font server and font
* xServ36.tgz - X server containing X11
* xshare36.tgz - contains x MAN pages, local settings, etc.
ETC36.TGZ and Xetc36.tgz kits do not act as part of the upgrade installation, which is only used in full installation, so any customization you do will be lost. You must upgrade your / etc, / dev and / var file by manual modification. folder.
4.7 - How much space does it take to install OpenBSD?
The following is the minimum space you want to install a complete system. This size includes a large enough to allow you to run an additional space required to connect to the Home system on the Internet.
* Here are the smallest value.
* If you intend to install a lot of third-party software, set your / usr partition bigger! At least three times!
* If you are to handle a large amount of email or web pages (the amount stored in / var / mail and / var / www) you have to make your / var partition bigger, or put them in a separate partition.
* If it is a multi-use lake system, you will generate a lot of logs, you still have to leave your / var zone (/ var / log).
* If you plan to recompile the kernel or system with the source code, you have to leave the / usr partition bigger, at least 2G below the following.
As you read this, keep in mind this / usr and us / usr / x11r6 are usloadystem, That is, / usr, as there is no big advantage to make the mail..
SYSTEM / / USR / VAR / USR / X11R6
Alpha 80M 250M 25M 140M
HP300 80M 250M 25M 140M
HPPA 100M 200M 25M 120M
I386 60M 250M 25M 140M
Mac68K 80M 250M 25M 100M
MacPPC 80M 250M 25M 140M
MVME68K 80M 250M 25M 100MSPARC 80M 250M 25M 120M
SPARC64 80M 250M 25M 100M
VAX 100M 200M 25M 120M
In addition, it is recommended to use the / TMP partition. / TMP partition is used to compile ports software, so how much space does it take depends on you to send it to how big it is. 50M for answers are enough, but some large application software will take 100M or more Multi-TMP space.
When you edit it with Disklabel, you can only choose a 'a' (residential file system) and 'b' (SWAP), 'a' set by Disklabel will be your root partition, It will contain three major folders (/, / usr, and / var), there will be a certain space to / TMP. The 'B' partition you set will automatically become the exchange partition in the system - We recommend that you want to give it 32MB, if your space is at least to give it 64MB. If your space has a lot, take 256MB, or even 512MB.
The switch partition is used to store system core backups to prevent crash. If you consider this factor, your exchange partition is more than your main memory. Note that Savecore (8) will exchange when restarting The things in the partition are put on / var / crash, if you think this is necessary, your / var should have enough space to store these backup files.
There are many benefits to using a separate file system, compared to only one or two file systems:
* Security: You can mark some file systems as 'Nosuid', 'Nodev', 'NOEXEC', 'Readonly', and so on. In fact, as long as you build the above partition installer automatically do these things for you.
* Stability: A user, or a bad program, when they have written privileges, they will make the file system is garbage. Your dangerous procedure, if you really run another file system, you will not Interfering other file systems.
* Speed: A file system can easily produce debris if frequent read and write. (Fortunately, the FFS file system used by OpenBSD is not easy to generate a lot of debris.)
* Quality: If there is a problem in one area, then other districts will not have problems.
* Size: Many machines have certain restrictions on the magnetic disc of the launch ROM load the kernel. Sometimes, this limit may not be large (504m for the old 486 machine), or can be more large (for example, in i386 The machine will be 2G, 8G, or 128G). As The Kernel Can End Up Anywhere with the root partition, The Entire Root Partition Should Be within this area. For more details, see the chapter here. A good The suggestion may be to control your / partition within 2G, unless you know your machine (very special machine) and can deal with these issues.
Some considerations for partitioning:
* If you first want to do an experimental system, you still don't know how to assign space, it is easy to create a large / partition and swap partition. But do this will lose some OpenBSD default Safety features Because these features require separate /, / TMP, / VAR, / USR, and / HOME partitions.
* A system that is connected to the Internet or to prevent malicious intrusion needs a separate / var (or need a separate / var / log) partition to do records.
* Leave a / home partition is a very good idea. I want to try a new version of the operating system? Other files will be erased and reload, but your / home partition does not need to change. But remember to leave a copy of you. The attachment of the configuration file!
* If there are many files on one of your independent partitions that need to be deleted, then quickly reformat is fast than deleting those files. There is an example in Upgrade-minifaq (/usr/obj). [If you have some original for you To recompile the system with the source code, the T source will be placed / usr / src. If you do not assign a separate partition to / usr / src, you must give / usr enough space.
* A very common but easy to forget the fact: You don't really want to hang all space when you start the machine! Since you have rarely buy a small hard drive than 20G, you may want to stay some space. Not mounted. If you find that a partition is not enough, you can mount the space you have not used, or copy your existing partition, edit / etc / fstab to add your newly built partition, so You can use more spaces.
* If your partition size is too close to the minimum space requirements, then you will regret it when you upgrade the system later.
* If you allow users to have write permissions in / var / www (IE, personal web file), you may want to plan it in an independent partition so you can share the limit of users using space, if they The partition is full, then other partitions of your system will not be affected.
4.8 - Multi-system launch openbsd / i386
Multi-operating system is started to have multiple operating systems on a machine, and some are the meaning of which system that is started. This is a more trouble of work! If you do these work you do, you still don't understand it (installation Using OpenBSD), then you can stop do not to delete the information in your computer. New OpenBSD users generally be suggested starting from a blank hard drive to start using OpenBSD, first on a machine that does not undertake important work Start practice doing a variety of configurations you want, and then configure multiple operating systems on a more important machine. FAQ 14 Reason a lot of information about the OpenBSD startup process.
Here is some options for some multi-operating systems:
Setting Active Partition
Usually this is the first most thought, and many times this is the best solution to the multi-operating system started. Just set the partition you are now using the partition to act as an active partition. The next time you start him. Each operating system will have such a program to do this; OpenBSD is FDISK (8), and the same name as Windows 9x and DOS and other operating systems. This is a long time for a long time. It's not bad to shut down or restart - you can set it then to restart, take a break next to a cup of coffee, you will find the system when you are willing to start - no Waiting for Magic Moment to select which OS enters.
Start with floppy disk
If you want to use something hard to start OpenBSD (or what you don't want to change on other user perceived machines), that is, the floppy disk is just a standard OpenBSD installation flush, and edits a / etc /boot.conf file (of course, you have to build a / etc folder on the floppy disk) Add to the following
Boot HD0A: / BSD
This system is started from the drive 0, and the OpenBSD partition is 'a', the kernel file is / BSD. Note that you can also start from other drives Simply add similar to: "boot hd2a: / bsd" to you third The drive is started. When you want to start openbsd, put the floppy disk into the floppy drive, it will be fine. If you want to start other OS, take the floppy disk and restart it.
The following example is how to start from the floppy disk, look at the /etc/boot.conf. "Boot HD0A: / BSD" row tells the launch program where to guide the kernel - in this example, is the first HD in the BIOS (hard disk ). Remember, only one small file in the floppy is read (/ boot) - the system still loads the entire kernel from the hard disk, so this only increases the time of the startup process for five seconds.
Windows NT / 2000 / XP NTLDR
If you want to start OpenBSD and Windows NT / 2000 / XP, you need to use NTLDR, NT users' launcher. To match NT to multiple boots, you need an accessory of OpenBSD Partition Boot Record (PBR). After running installboot, You can copy it in a file with DD (1): # dd if = / dev / rsd0a of = openbsd.pbr bs = 512 count = 1
Start NT now and let T Openbsd.pbr let C:. Pixabay in C: /Boot.ini:
C: /openbsd.pbr= "openbsd"
After restarting, you can see OpenBSD in the NT startup option. Here is more about NTLDR's modification guide.
On Windows XP, you can also edit the startup information for the GUI; check the boot.ini howto of XP.
There are many programs like this, saying that Bootpart. This program can run in Windows NT / 2000 / XP, which can find OpenBSD PBR, then placed in NT / 2000 / XP partitions, and add to C: /Boot.ini
OpenBSD installation or upgrade program will reinstall the boot loader of OpenBSD, which will write the location code of the system to the PBR, so if you reinstall or upgrade your OpenBSD, you have to do the previous process again and take a copy New openbsd PBR.
Note: The Windows NT / 2000 / XP Boot Loader can only start the operating system installed on the primary hard drive. You can't use it to start the openbsd on the second hard drive.
Other boot loadingers
Other OpenBSD users successfully used initiators include GAG, OS-BS, The Ranish Partition Manager and GRUB.
OpenBSD and Linux (i386)
Please refer to Install.Linux, where you discuss how to make OpenBSD and Linux jun.
4.9 - Send your dmesg to dmesg@openbsd.org after installation
Here you must remind you that this is important for OpenBSD developers to know the hardware.
A reference from /usr/src/etc/root/root.mail
If you want to confirm that your machine is running very well in OpenBSD, please help us a favor (after configuring your mail system!) Enter:
# dmesg | mail -s "Sony VAIO 505R LAPTOP, APM WORKS OK" DMESG@openbsd.org
In this way, we can know what kind of configuration everyone is using. These questions about your machine information can help us.
We will improve the device drivers in our future releases based on this information. (Please use the gener kernel we provide, not users
Custom kernel unless you can't start with generic kernel). These device driver information will help us improve the problem in existing drivers. Thank you very much!
Remember to send mail in an account that can also receive an email like this to contact you, if they can make some tests or modifications to make your machine to run smoothly. If you are the same run OpenBSD machine Don't send DMESG, if this machine can't accept email, then do this:
$ Dmesg | Mail your-account@yourmail.dom
Then forward this information to
Dmesg@openbsd.org
Your-account@yourmail.dom is your usual email account. (or send information via ftp / scp / floppydisk / carrier-pigeon / ...)
Note - Please send a DMESGS based on the generic kernel. Custom kernel may delete a lot of device options, so their DMESG is not very much. It is also necessary to note that the machine to receive Dmasg is using the spamd spam rejection system. This will cause you DMESG will not be received by the mail server for a few times. It is very difficult to issue information for half or one or more hours.
4.10 - Add a software suite after installation
"Rely, no !! I forgot to install a package when I installed the system!"
Sometimes you realize that you do need to install Comp36.tgz (or other system components), but you don't realize that it is when you install the system. Good news: Here have two methods to make you add it after you first installed Software package:
Use an upgrade program
Launch from your installation medium (CD-ROM or floppy disk), select Upgrade (not installed). When you see the list of software to install, select the first set you didn't install, select the installation source, then let It is installed for you.
TAR (1)
The installation package is usually compressed in the Tar package, you can unfained it to the root partition:
# CD /
# tar xzvpf comp36.tgz
Don't forget to use the 'p' option in this command so that you can properly save the license information!
A common error is to use PKG_ADD (1) to make a package. But here is not available. PKG_ADD (1) can only be used for package files, and ordinary Tar packs cannot be used.
4.11 - What is 'bsd.rd'?
BSD.RD is a "Ram Disk" kernel. This file is very useful; most of the time many developers are very careful to put it in the root folder of the system.
It is called "Ram Disk Kernel" as the root partition that describes the kernel - not using a physical drive, and the application software is stored in the kernel from BSD.RD, and runs in a memory-based file system. Bsd.rd also includes some tools that allow you to complete system installation and maintenance.
On some platforms, BSD.RD is a very popular installation path - you put the kernel in an existing file system, start it, start the installer from it. On most platforms, if you already With an old version of OpenBSD, you can download a new version of BSD.rd with FTP, start with it, do not have other mobile media to install the new version of OpenBSD.
This is an example of launching BSD.RD on the i386 machine:
Using drive: 0 Partition: 3
Reading boot .....
PROBING: PC0 COM0 COM1 APM MEM [639K 255M A20 = ON]
Disk: fd0 HD0
>> OpenBSD / I386 Boot 2.02
Boot> Boot HD0A: /BSD.RD
........
It should be pointed out that you will enter the installer, but you can also interrupt it into the console to configure your system.
Starting the rule used by bsd.rd is whether it is a situation on your machine, modifying the kernel start path from / BSD to BSD.RD.
4.12 - Common installation problem
4.12.1 - My Compaq recognizes 16M RAM
Some Compaq machines have a problem: WHERE The full system ram is not detected by the openbsd's second-level Boot Loader cannot detect all memory of the system, only 16M memory can be identified and used by OpenBSD. It can be created / Modify the /etc/boot.conf file to correct, or enter a command command before the "Boot>" prompt before the OpenBSD boot. If your machine has 64M RAM, but OpenBSD can only recognize 16M at the beginning, you want The command is: Machine Mem 0x3000000 @ 0x1000000
Add 48M (0x3000000) to previous 16M (0x1000000). Similarly, if your machine has the same problem, you can enter the above command before installing the floppy disk / cd-rom, enter the system, restart Establish a /etc/boot.conf file and join the statement above such a system to get all the memory when the system is started.
There have also been reports that the upgrade of the ROM can also solve this problem.
4.12.2 - My I386 cannot start after installation
Your installation looks no problem, but when you start it, you didn't see any OpenBSD start prompt. For this question, there are several reasons:
* There is no piece in the partition to be labeled as an active partition. To correct it, use the boot floppy disk or other media to restart the machine, mark a partition as "ACTIVE". Look here (connection)
* There is no valid guide on the disk. If you answer "USE Entire Disk for OpenBSD?" When installing, "Y" or uses FDisk's "reinit" option, then OpenBSD's startup record will be installed The main start record area of the disc; otherwise, the original main start code will not be modified. If there is no boot record, it will be problematic. One solution is to reinterpret the installation medium, enter the console under FDISK Use the command line to upgrade the MBR:
# fdisk -u wd0
Note: The "Update" option matches the FDISK of the interconnection mode ("-e") not written to the identification code that can be activated by the disk.
* In some rare examples, there may be some problems when the starter is installed in the second phase. There are some discussions on the second phase of the initiator.
4.12.3 - My (old, running slow) the machine started, but in SSH-KEYGEN's step
It is very likely that your machine is very good, only don't need some time to complete the generation of SSH Key. A sparcStation2 or Macintosh Quadra may take 45 minutes or longer to complete the three steps of SSH-KEYGEN (1), The machine may have to be long. Just wait for it; this is only running every time.
4.12.4 - I saw such a message when I installed "Failed to Change Directory"
When you run the work cycle of the OpenBSD Development Group to the Beta phase of the release of the new version, you may see:
Do you want to see a list of potential ftp servers? [YES] ENTER
Getting the List from 192.128.5.191 (ftp.openbsd.org) ... failed
Failed to Change Directory.
Server IP Address or Hostname?
This is a very normal case that can be expected during the preparatory release. The installer will go to the main FTP server in the FTP list to query the installation package information, but there will be updated until the new version is officially released. So you will see those information.
Check out the image in the FTP list Select your usual FTP image (you have determined that you have to have a package), manually enter it after the prompt appears. Note: If you are installed from the CD-ROM, you won't have This problem is.
4.12.5 - When I log in, I saw "Login_KRB4-OR-PWD: EXEC FORMAT ERROR"
Kerberos IV has been removed from OpenBSD 3.4, but if you are upgraded, the old Kerberos IV binary package will remain in your system. This is a problem under the i386 platform, because the old Kerberos file is a .out format, cannot run in a standard ELF core (block a.out simulator). If you encounter this problem, then you will cross the KRB4 authentication mode when you log in:
OpenBSD / I386 (Puffy.Openbsd.org) (TTYC0)
Login: Joeuser: Passwd
PASSWORD:
You can also use the "username: passwd" syntax to do SSH connections or use su (1) to control your system. Now edit /tc/login.conf, and delete KRB4 configuration.
4.12.6 - My partition table is ruined or cleared!
Little, a user found that his system was no problem, but after running FDISK WD0, they found that there was nothing in the partition table (sometimes there was only something that didn't use it). This is usually because They left the space of 0 sectors to make partition compensation when using FDISK (8) to establish partitions, not the compensation of one track required (Note: The assumption here is for the I386 OR AMD64 platform. Different platforms have different The compensation requirements, some don't need compensation). The system will be guided by PBR, not MBR.
Even if the system can work so, there is still a legacy problem to be modified. To fix it, the file system on this disk should be rebuilt (now you should know what you have to do, you You may only need to re-establish your DiskLabel and MBR, you will only lose and rebuild the first OpenBSD partition on this disk).
4.13 - Custom installation process
Sitexx.tgz file
OpenBSD installation / upgrade scripts allow users to configure themselves to configure "Sitexx.tgz", XX is the release version number (EG 36). Sitexx.tgz file, like other kits, a gzip (1) compressed tar ( 1) Pack, '/' is unzipped with XZPF like other packages. This package can be installed after all other packages are installed.
This file enables users to add and remove packages from the "general" software package set and can be used from definition or upgrade.
Some SitExx.TGZ applications:
* New Sitexx.tgz contains the modification of the package you first installed after OpenBSD. Then, if you want to reinstall the system, you only have a simple choice of sitexx.tgz that you have done before. It will be customized automatically without customization.
* All Sitexx.tgz files can be made for a variety of different machines, enabling the configuration information of various machines to be saved. Install the system on a type of machine (EG uses a machine using different display cards) As long as the corresponding correspondence SitExx.tgz made by system wounds can complete all work.
* Put some regular profiles into sitexx.tgz - / etc / skel files, /etc/pf.conf, /var/www/conf/httpd.conf, /etc/rc.conf.local, etc.
Install.site/UPGRADE.SITE SCRIPTS
As a final step in the installation or upgrade process, the installation script looks for install.site or upgrade.site in the root directory of the new installation or upgrade system, according to the current installation process, chroot to the newly installed or upgrade root directory, in Chroot Run the script in the environment. Remember, the upgrade is done on a launched file system, so your target file system should be mounted to / mnt. However, if you are running a script in a regular root directory, you Scripts may be modified. Since the script is running after all software is installed, you should optimize your system function in advance when you run this script (when single user mode). Note: Install.site The script must be included in Sitexx.tgz, although the Upgrade.site Script can be placed in the root folder or placed in Sitexx.tgz prior to the upgrade.
T These scripts can do a lot of things:
* You can remove some packages that have been installed or upgraded to the system but you don't want.
* Quickly restore or create a new system.
Slightly a pity that PKG_ADD (1) can be used in the middle of this environment.
Integrate Sitexx.TGZ and Install.site/upgrade.site's purpose is to give users more customization to modify the system's ability, without letting them go hand to handle custom kits.
4.14 - How do I install a batch of the same system?
If you want to install a lot of the same OpenBSD system, there are many tools available.
Sitexx.tgz and Install / Upgrade.site Files
Look at the top section.
Use dump (8) to make backup recovery
On most platforms, the startup medium is included in the backup program, which can be used to restore backup files made by dump (8). You start from Floppy, CD, or BSD.rd, then run FDISK, Disklabel, will be stored Configure backups on a tape drive or other medium to recover, and install the start magnetic area. For more details, please see.
Disk mirror
Unfortunately, there is no known software package that can be used on the FFS file system and can make only the bart partition. Most mainstream mirror software will regard the OpenBSD partition as a "general" partition, and will Make a mirror of the whole hard disk. This can achieve your goal, but this will cause a lot of space waste - an empty, 10G / home partition requires 10G space to store the image file, even if there is anything. Even if you install the mirror file to a larger drive, you can't use more spaces directly, you can't install the mirror into a driver that is smaller than the original drive.
If the condition allows you to do this, you can use DD to implement what you want, allow you to copy the disk from a piece to another, the sector is copied to the sector. This will be able to complete the business software free of charge. thing.
4.15 - How do I send DMESG (8) to report installation issues?
When reporting the problem, send a complete system Dmesg (8) is correct. But when you want to do this, because the system does not work properly or not installed, you don't have a disk network or other you need Resources to send DMESG to mailing list. Some solutions here:
* Floppy disk: A startup disk and CD-ROM have enough tools to allow you to store Dmesg to the MSDOS floppy disk, then put it on another machine that can send mail. Put the MSDOS's formatted floppy disk into the drive and then Execute the following command:
Mount -T MSDOS / DEV / FD0A / MNT
Dmesg> / mnt/dmesg.txt
Umount / MNT
If you have another OpenBSD system, you can write it into an OpenBSD compatible floppy disk - usually there is enough empty storage DMESG. If you use this floppy disk, you will go out "-t msdos" in the above command. parameter.
* Serial Terminal: Using a serial terminal to capture output on another machine is often the best way to capture diagnostic information - especially when the machine is launched, it will immediately have problems. The second computer, you need A suitable serial cable (usually a naked modem cable), and a terminal miter is used to store the screen output to a file. There are some common information about establishing a serial terminal in this FAQ. The following commands are sufficient to capture the installed records.
i386
Enter the startup prompt
Boot> SET TTY COM0
This will tell OpenBSD to use the first serial port (generally referred to in the PC document as a COM1 or COMA) as a serial terminal. The default baud rate is 9600.
SPARC / SPARC64
If this machine is not equipped with a keyboard, this machine will automatically use the serial terminal. If you are equipped with a keyboard and a monitor, you can still force the system to use the serial terminal with the following statement after the OK prompt.
OK STENV Input-Device TTYA
OK STENV OUTPUT-Device TTYA
OK RESET
* FTP: In some cases, you can send DMESG to local FTP servers with the FTP client software on the launch disk or CD, then take it back.
4.16 - Install or upgrade OpenBSD / I386 using BSD.rd-a.out
It is generally used to use the BSD.RD kernel to do a special problem. However, in OpenBSD 3.4, the execution format on the i386 platform is changed from A.out to ELF, so that some old start boot converters (OpenBSD 3.3 or more Early) Unable to guide the new format BSD.RD kernel.
In order to solve this problem, and make the upgrade process can be used in BSD.rd, a A.Out version of BSD.RD is produced and is part of the OpenBSD / I386 V3.5 FTP release. This file, BSD.RD -a.out, you can be guided by OpenBSD 3.3 or older system, but a regular OpenBSD 3.5 kernel contains the latest ELF boot boot, which can guide OpenBSD / i386 3.5 on an old machine.
Just place the downloaded BSD.rd-a.out to your root directory. Use it, not to use BSD or BSD.RD to start the system (of course to modify the startup item, make BSD.rd-a.out as Your launch kernel).
After the minimized 3.5 (base35.tgz, etc35.tgz, bsd), download 3.6 (or-Snapshot) BSD.RD and then install it from it.
