What is a hard disk partition, what is the partition used? The partition is the "paragraph" of the hard disk. Windows partitions have their own disk (C:, D:, etc.), which look like a separate hard drive.
The easiest case is to use the entire hard disk as a unique partition. If you have purchased a machine that already preloaded Window, it is basically this.
If you want to install more operating systems on your machine, you will need more partitions. You can't even install Linux in this separate partition. If you want to install Windows Me and Windows2000 at the same time, you will need two partitions. The reason is that different file systems are used in principle. If several operating systems support the same file system, in order to avoid the same system directory in a partition, they are also installed on different disk partitions.
Under Linux is different, it itself has more partitions - such as the root partition "/" and swap partition "swap".
Tip: Say more clearly: How many spaces do you consider when you consider when you installed Linux, because the space under the Windows partition cannot be used. You need to establish a new partition outside the Windows partition. The partition type hard disk partition has three: primary partitions, extended partitions, and logical partitions.
Only four primary partitions on a hard drive. You can also establish an extension partition instead of one of the four primary partitions and then you can create more logical partitions under extended partitions.
Extended partitions is just the "container" of the logical partition. In fact, only the primary partition and logical partitions are stored. Tip: The partition program FDISK from Windows9x / ME can only define a primary partition. That is, you can only define up to one primary partition, an extension partition and extended partitions under Windows9x / ME. If you want to use more primary partitions, you must partition under Linux. Partitioning and formatting each operating system has its own WINDOWS9X / M under the working system, which is very famous FDISK, with a very convenient graphics interface in Windows NT / 2000 / XP, he The location is also slightly different under different Windows versions (such as control panels in 2000 - Management Tool - Computer Management - Disk Management). The partition under Linux can use fdisk, or a graphical interface program of the same function.
Each primary partition and logical partition are back to the additional information of an identification file system. Operating system (Windows or Linux, etc.) can be very easy to identify and confirm through this information, which partition should be used. The operating system partition that cannot be identified will be ignored.
No file system cannot be generated by partitioning. After the partition, only the disk space on the hard disk is reserved, and it cannot be used directly. After this, the partition must be formatted. Under Windows, you can execute the file menu or FOMATE program under Explorer, most of the case under Linux, is completed by MKE2FS.
Tip: Linux supports different file systems. The most extensive application is EXT2. EXT2 is established with the MKE2FS program mentioned above. Linux, of course, also supports the Reiserfs file system
Note: Working for any disk partition or size will lose the previous data. One time you must back up the data in the partition. The partition name under DOS / Windows is represented by the partition used by the operating system under Windows. A: and B: For the floppy drive, the primary partitions and logical partitions on other stabs will be arranged in sequence from C:. (There is no disk letter of the extension partition, but can't see. I can't see the Linux partition under my indowsx).
If a machine has a lot of hard drives, optical drives, flops, etc., the name of the disk partition will be confusing. In this case, the primary partition and logical partition on the first block will first get a named disk; then the second block, the third block, and the like. For example, you have three hard drives, and there is a primary partition and two logical partitions on each fast hard disk. Then the first hard disk will be C:, f:, g:, the second block is D: H: , I:, third blocks for E:, J:, K: These systems can be changed automatically naming in WindowsNT / 2000 / XP. For example, you can name a CD-ROM to X, which is not changed when the new partition is added.
The partition of a strange file system will not be named, in most programs (such as the resource manager) can't be seen. These partitions will only display only on disk partition tools (FDISK, WIN2000 under Windows9X / ME, computer management - command interpreter). The partition name under Linux LINUX is more clear and detailed below Windows, but the name will not be easily remembered. Unlike Windows, Linux usually uses the device-name. A general hard disk (such as an IDE hard drive) will be named / dev / hdxy. X Represents the hard disk (A is the first hard disk, B is the second hard disk, push it according to the secondary), Y is the number of partitions (starting from 0, 1, 2, 3, etc.). The SCSI hard drive will be named / dev / sdxy. CD-ROM (regardless of IDE type or SCSI) will be named after the hard disk.
Tip: Ide (integrated circuitry) and SCSI (small computer system interface) are two systems currently most popular connected to computer hard drives, optical drives, or floppy drives. SCSI is faster than IDE, but it is also expensive than the same price. SCSI is usually available for file servers and database servers. Linux supports these two systems (of course, you can have IDE and SCSI devices on one machine)
The IDE hard disk and optical drive devices will be partitioned by internal connections. / DEV / HDA represents the first device of the first IDE channel (MASTER), / dev / hdb represents the second device of the first IDE channel (SLAVE). According to this principle, / dev / hdc and / dev / hdd is the Master and SLAVE devices of the second IDE channel. Two devices named / dev / had and / dev / hdc are theoretically also available here, not using / dev / hdb. (In this case, the device is connected as a master on the first and second IDE channels)
SCSI hard drives or optical drive devices depends on the device ID number, regardless of the missing ID number. For example, the ID number of three SCSI devices is 0, 2, 5, respectively, and the device name is / DEV / SDA, / DEV / SDB, / DEV / SDC. If you add an ID number of 3 to 3, the device will be named in / dev / sdc, and the device of the ID number is 5 will be referred to as / dev / sdd.
The number of the partition does not rely on the IDE or SCSI device naming, number 1 to 4 primary partitions or extension partitions, starting from 5 to naming the logical partition. For this reason, there is often a number vulnerability. (For example, 1, 2, 5, 6, 3 and 4 are numbers vulnerability), such as: the first part of the hard disk is HDA1, the extended partition is HDA2, and one logical partition under the extended partition is HDA5. There are still some examples to help everyone understand
/ dev / hda Represents the entire IDE hard disk / dev / hda1 Represents the first primary partition of the first IDE hard disk / dev / hda2 represents the first Ide hard disk expansion partition / dev / hda5 represents the first IDE hard disk A logical partition / dev / hda8 represents the fourth logical partition / dev / hdb of the first IDE hard disk indicates the second IDE hard disk / dev / hdb1 represents the first primary partition / dev / sda of the second IDE hard disk. The first SCSI hard disk / dev / sda1 represents the first main partition / dev / sdd3 of the first SCSI hard disk indicates the third primary partition of the fourth SCSI hard disk.
