For motherboard manufacturers, the savings of the material can only effectively reduce costs around the more expensive components, and the electrolytic capacitance of the CPU power supply portion on the motherboard is relatively high, so it has become a motherboard manufacturer. A streamlined primary object on the material. How do vendors save it? What hidden dangers will be left after capacitor How do consumers tell if the product is provoked? These freshly known "industrial secrets" or ask the industry experts to reveal and analyze it one by one! Capacitor is also known as capacitors. It plays an important role in cross-flow and communication in the circuit. Capacitance is divided into coupling capacitance, filter capacitance, resonant capacitance, bypass capacitance, etc. according to its different functions in the circuit. In addition, the capacitance can also be classified according to the filler material (dielectric), such as organic media capacitance, inorganic medium capacitance, electrolytic capacitance, gas medium capacitance, and the like. The circuit diagram generally uses a larger English alphabet "C" to represent the capacitor, and the box selection portion in the following figure is a symbol in the circuit, and C1 refers to the non-polar ordinary capacitance, and two of the two indicates a polar electrolytic capacitor. The CPU power supply portion of the capacitance symbol motherboard in the circuit diagram performs filtering, and the CPU power supply portion uses a multi-phase power supply, and the electrical energy is stored in the coil and then released. At this time, the high harmonics in the electrolytic capacitor eliminates the circuit, the action of stabilizing the CPU voltage is conveyed. Since the current CPU has continuously improved, the huge power consumption has brought unprecedented challenges to the CPU power supply of the motherboard. In addition to the power supply regulation to be in design, it is more stringent in electrolytic capacitance. If the capacitance capacity is insufficient, it will affect the supply quality, resulting in an increase in the heat of CPU, thereby crashing and other reliability issues. Even if the capacitance is so important, a few vendors will get more profits in low-cost competition, and will always find some provincial methods that make products do not expose defects in the short term. Many small capacity patch capacitors on the motherboard, because the price is low, so the province is mainly concentrated on a large-capacity electrolytic capacitor with high prices. Provincial Method 1: Reduce the amount of capacitance ● Reduce the large capacity filter capacitance on the number of capacitance quantities, concentrated in the input end of the 12V voltage and the power supply output portion. Among them, the focus of manufacturers in the province is the power supply output section. The output circuit is generally a capacitance having a voltage about 6.3V and a capacity of 2200 μF. According to the formula "C = I / (ΔV / ΔT)", it is assumed that the average current of a model CPU is 60a, ΔV = 50mV, Δt = 10 μs, and the total capacity of the capacitance can be calculated as 12000μF. . If a 2200μF capacitor is used, up to 6. If a motherboard is only 5 or 4 capacitors in this part, and the total capacity is less than 12,000 μF, it means that the product is "a small two" in the number of capacitors. After reducing the number of capacitors, the motherboard does not have problems in the short term, but after long-term use, because the capacitive filter effect is not good, it is easy to shorten the life of the CPU, the computer is unstable, often automatically restarted or the motherboard capacitor burst or the main board capacitor bursting. Large capacity, high-quality capacitance is an effective guarantee for motherboard life. ● Related important indicators - Capacity size often said in capacity is the capacity of capacitance, and the capacity size is made of formula "C = εs / 4πd (where ε is a dielectric constant; S is the area between the two poles relative overlaps; D is the distance between the two poles) "," calculates, the larger the value, the more charges that the capacitor can accommodate. The capacitance capacity is set in Faraday and is expressed in uppercase English subtitles "F". However, since the Farase unit is too large, it is generally based on microfi (μF) and peel method (PF) in the ordinary electronic circuit. The conversion relationship between the three units is: 1F = 10 ^ 6μF = 10 ^ 12PF.
In the circuit diagram, the μF is typically omitted, is μ, as μ, such as 2200μF is disconnected to 2200 μ; and the PF is usually all saved, such as 3300 pF. 3300. ● Related important indicators - The rated voltage of the rated voltage capacitor refers to the highest voltage at both ends of the capacitor within a predetermined temperature range. With this rated voltage, the capacitance can work normally, so in the design, the size of the capacitor is usually considered in the design, and the capacitance of the capacitance of the capacitor can ensure that the stability of the circuit can be guaranteed. If there is a problem in some positions of the circuit, the voltage between the capacitors exceeds the rated voltage value, then this capacitor is easily broken. If the polarity is reversed, the electrolytic capacitance will also be broken. The rated voltage has a fixed specifications, common 6.3V, 10V, 16V, etc. The capacitance usually used in the CPU power supply portion is divided into 6.3V and 16V, the former is used for filter circuits for VCORE (CPU core voltage), because the voltage of the general CPU is between 1.4V to 1.75V, so 6.3V capacitance It is completely competent. At the 12V power input, due to the special requirements of the 12V voltage, the rated voltage value is higher than the 12V standard value, so the industry is generally used in the 12V power input capacitance of 16V. Provincial Method 2: Reducing Capacitance Temperature Specifications ● Reduce capacitance temperature specification manufacturers reduce the use of capacitive specifications, where the most common is aimed at a temperature resistant value. Certain capacitors are high, even if the overall temperature of the circuit cannot be controlled, the capacitance will not work without work. However, some of the motherboard itself has various problems. In the case of high temperature, there is still a low temperature-resistant capacitor, or a miscellaneous capacitor that does not have a temperature-labeled label on the housing, then the stability of the motherboard is affirmative. Will be a big discount. The temperature resistance value of the capacitor usually has different specifications such as 85 ° C, 105 ° C. From the perspective of stability, the higher the temperature resistance value. Temperature Tolerance Identification on Capacitor Housing ● Related Important Indicators - Warm-resistant Warm Resistance This indicator is very important for the CPU power supply of the motherboard. In the circuit, the CPU power supply portion of the motherboard is generally close to the CPU of the temperature. If the ventilation design is not good, the electrolytic capacitance is baked, and the electrolyte will evaporate, which ultimately leads to breakdown or capacitance to break the slurry, and lose electrolyte The capacitance will also completely fail. Provincial method three: Use inferior capacitance ● Use inferior capacitors currently have quite good, such as Sanyo, Rubycon, Nichcon et al. (Fig. 4), Taicon, OST, EverCon, etc. On the choice of the main board capacitance, most of the first-line largest manufacturers choose Japanese products, and second-wire manufacturers choose a set of sets of capacitors. When the consumer is purchasing the motherboard, you should pay more attention to the brand used by the motherboard. The first-line motherboard manufacturer has selected Sanyo, Rubycon, Nichcon and other brand capacitances, the brand capacitors such as the second-line motherboard manufacturer, such as the second-line main board, and the price is low, but the quality is uneven. Although there are many quality products, the overall quality has a larger distance compared to the Japanese Taiwan capacitors. For some non-knowledgeable brands, it is relatively complex to determine the method of high quality and consract, because the capacitor must be disassembled. First, you need to find a capacitor of the same brand and specifications (slightly large-scale electronic city can usually be bought), and then use the acupuncture stripped capacitor housing to see if its internal aluminum foil is consistent with the outer casing. If the outer casing is large, the size of the internal aluminum foil is very small, then this capacitor has problems in quality. Second, it is necessary to see if the aluminum foil and the electrolyte paper are tight. Finally, the state of the electrolyte should also be carefully viewed, the electrolyte should be a colorless and transparent oil at normal state, but if the electrolyte is black or contains impurities, such capacitance must belong to an inferior capacitor.
