Use the Rational Test Idea
Successfully built test team
Author: Golden Ning Source: DeveloperWorks
1. Problems during traditional software testing
Test is the most important part during all software development. In the software development process, on the one hand, we require the software developed through the test activity to meet each of the features described in the software requirements, and the performance of the customer requirements and the corresponding response time, throughput requirements; On the one hand, the market and customers will also meet the requirements of issuing software as soon as possible within the budget.
Traditional software test flows are generally a small number of unit tests in software development, and then concentrate a large number of tests, including functionality and performance integration tests and system testing throughout the software development. With the development of software items, the traditional software test processes inevitably bring the following questions:
Question 1: Project progress is difficult to control, the difficulty of project management is increased
As shown in Figure 1, a large number of software errors often can only be discovered when the project later system test is found, and it is difficult to solve problems. It is often difficult to prevent project progress, while the entire software development process, project management Personnel lack understanding and control of software quality conditions, increasing the difficulty of project management.
Figure 1. Problems in the traditional test process
Question 2: Ability to the control of project risks
Project risks can really decrease during project development. Once the system test is used, it is really determined whether the design can meet the needs of system functions, performance, and reliability.
Question 3: Software project development costs beyond budget
In the entire software development cycle, the later the error discovers, the higher the unit error repair cost, as shown in Figure 2, the error delay solving will inevitably lead to a sharp increase in the cost of the entire project.
Figure 2, problems in the traditional test process
2. Using IBM Rational Software Automation Test Best Successful Experience to Solve Traditional Test
The three best successful experience of IBM Rational Software Automation Testing Technology is: Test, continuous testing, automated testing as soon as possible, and provide a complete software test process and a complete set of software automation test tools, so that we can ultimately Do: a test team, based on a complete software test process, use a complete automation software test tool to complete the full range of software quality verification.
2.1 Successful experience 1: Test as early as possible
The so-called early test refers to the idea of completing a variety of software test tasks through various software engineering technologies throughout the software development life cycle. IBM Rational is mainly tested by the software engineering technology for us as early as possible in the following three aspects:
First, the entire test life cycle of the software is the process of substantially parallel with the development of the software, as shown in Figure 3, that is, when the demand analysis is basically clear, we should make software based on the results of the demand analysis and the entire project plan. Test plan; accompanying the analysis design process should also complete the design of the test case; when the software is released, the tester should immediately perform the implementation of the test script immediately, and perform test cases in the test plan, Evaluate the test results. In this way, we can monitor the quality status of the project in real time through various test indicators, and improve the control and management capabilities of the entire project.
Figure 3, software test life cycle
Secondly, through iteration is software development, divide the original entire software development life cycle into multiple iterative cycles, and testing at each iterative cycle, which is largely advanced, the software system test occurred, this can be large Degree reduce project risk and project development costs.
Finally, IBM Rational's test successful experience is also reflected in it extends the traditional software testing phase from unit testing, integration testing to system testing, acceptance testing, and the testing of the entire software is divided into developer test and system test. Stage, as shown in Figure 4, it expands the software's tests to the entire developer's work process. Improve the software quality and reduce software test costs as soon as possible to improve the cost of software testing. Figure 4, IBM Rational Test Method Division of Test Phase
2.2 Successful Experience 2: Continuous Test
The test successful experience continuous test is from iterative software development mode. In an iterative method, we divide the development goals of the entire project becomes some of the more susceptible to completion and reach, which have a definition of clear phase-of-stage assessment criteria. Iterative is a series of development activities engaged in a certain stage of stage goals. Before the start of each iteration, it is necessary to establish an iterative plan according to the current state of the project and the phased target to be achieved, and each iteration includes demand. A series of development activities such as design, coding, integration, testing, will integrate some new system features. Through each iteration, we produce a running system that evaluates this iteration if there is no predetermined iterative target for this running system, and is based on the basis of the next iteration. It can be seen that we will perform software test activities in each iterative cycle developed in iterative software, and the completion of the entire software test is achieved through each iterative cycle to increment test and regression test implementation.
As shown in Figure 5, software successful test experience using continuous testing can not only continue to improve software quality, monitor quality, but also make system testing as soon as possible. Thus, effective control development risks, reduce test costs and ensure project progress.
Figure 5. IBM Rational Test Successful Experience: Continuous Test
2.3 Successful experience 3: Automation test
In the test of the entire software, you can test the early testing, continuous testing, which can be said that the test process is premise that the automated test tool is guaranteed. IBM Rational's automated test Successful experience is mainly to provide a complete software testing process support and automation implementation of various tests using software test tools.
In order to make a variety of software test teams better test, IBM Rational is outside the test successful experience, and provides us with a complete set of software testing processes and automated test tools, making the software test team to accomplish the entire test. task.
3. IBM Rational Software Automation Test Tools
In IBM Rational's software automation test solution, we have been committed to the pursuit of testing tools and test successful experiences, unity of testing process, each test successful experience and test process, we can test through Rational Test Tools and perfect integrated aids between tools.
The software automation test tool for IBM Rational is shown in Figure 7. The biggest feature is to achieve the automated test requirements for functional testing, performance testing and reliability testing through a complete software test tool. Through the integration of integration between tools, the integration of test resources is completed, and the test team has achieved successful experience in IBM Rational's test.
Figure 7, IBM Rational Automation Test Tool
4. IBM Rational Software Test Process
IBM Rational's software testing process, not only contains a complete software test process framework, but also provides support for the test management tool for embedded software testing processes.
4.1 IBM Rational Software Test Process Framework
IBM Rational Unified Process (hereinafter referred to as RUP) provides a complete test process framework, software test team can customize the software test process that meets the team based on its actual requirements based on business development. The software test flow in RUP is shown in Figure 8:
Figure 8. IBM Rational Software Test Process
The specific explanation of each test link is as follows:
The purpose of the development test plan is to determine and describe the test to be implemented and executed. This is done by generating test plans containing test requirements and test strategies. A separate test plan can be developed for describing all different test types to be implemented and executed, or a test plan can be developed for each test type. The purpose of design test is to determine, describe and generate test procedures and test cases.
The purpose of the implementation test is to implement the test process defined in the design test (recording, generating or writing). The output workpiece is a computer readable version of the test process, called a test script.
The purpose of the execution test is to ensure that the entire system runs with both intended maps. System set members compile and link systems in each iteration. Each iteration requires an increased feature and repeats all test cases (regression test) tested in previous versions.
The purpose of the evaluation test is to generate and deliver the test evaluation summary. This is done by reviewing and evaluating test results, identifying and recording a change request, and calculating the main test evaluation method. Test Assessment Abstract Provides test results and main test evaluation methods in organizational ordered formats to assess the quality of test objects and test processes.
4.2 Using the IBM Rational Software Test Management Platform to implement software automation test flow
IBM Rational The Software Automation Test Management Platform Tool TestManager, through and test demand management tool RequisitePro, the perfect integration of the defect tracking tool ClearQuest, implements the management of the life cycle of the entire software test, can help software testing The team quickly establishes software test platforms and test management processes, so that software test teams quickly have the following capabilities:
TestManager provides a core platform for test management, integrating management activities such as testing life cycle from test results, test results, test reports, test reports from test results, test results, test reports. At the same time, the unified organization of various Test Suite, Test Case, Test Script, easy to return to regression test
TestManager follows the RUP standard test process, allowing testers to follow the unified test management platform to complete all-round quality testing, including functionality, reliability, and performance of the product.
As an integrated solution, Rational TestManager is tested from test requirements, to the entire software test process management, defect tracking, test results evaluation, which is convenient for test managers to monitor software testing process monitoring and related software. Collection and analysis of various quantization indicators of quality.
4.3 Using the Rational Software Test Tool to implement the function and performance test of software automation
Another feature of IBM Rational's automation software test tool is: through TestManager Robot, while implementing the test management process, functional testing and performance testing can greatly shorten the test team's learning process, improve tool Use.
4.3.1 Software automation function test
Functional tests are mainly tested around the Windows graphical interface, the character terminal and the Browser interface. The client can be a software prepared by VC, VB, PB, Delphi, etc., various character terminal software, or running browser Microsoft Explorer and NetScape, and automated function / regression tests for automated recording test scripts.
IBM Rational's functional test solution is to make functional testing easier, valid, and repeatable to quickly enhance the functional testing capability of software test teams. It mainly has the following features:
It is possible to easily develop applications, character terminal software developed in various environments (IDEs), and complete all test processes including test plan, test design, test implementation, test implementation and test results analysis.
It is convenient to record or write a variety of functional test scripts to achieve automated function / regression testing.
Use the data pool to easily solve the functional test of large quantities of data drivers;
It can easily complete the distributed function test, and can test a variety of test platforms at a time;
Be able to automate functional test requirements override, ensure that the application meets each business needs of the product specification and test plan; in order to improve the support of Java and Web development, IBM Rational's functional test solution is also available. IBM Rational Xde Tester, which is mainly used to test the functional test of Java and Web-developed applications on the Windows and Linux platforms, especially for software development, using IBM WebSphere Studio, Eclipse, and Rational Xde Developer. Its three most important automation tests are:
Professional automation test script creation environment: Test platform extensions embedded in IBM WebSphere Studio, Eclipse, and Rational Xde Developer development platform, unified testing and development environment;
Test scripts have strong flexibility and maintainability in regression tests: Scriptssure is a set of advanced capabilities provided by IBM for Java and web applications, which help create flexible, reusable test scripts, greatly improved The maintenanceability of the script. The object map (Object maping) provides a core object library, and testers can modify and verify the modifications and verification of objects in the verbated program, and automatically update all relevant test scripts based on modification. You can set it yourself to indicate that the object of the object used to indicate the object of the subject, which makes changes in a small amount of object properties do not affect the normal playback of the test script. At the same time, you can create verification points for dynamic data. Dynamic data is easier to verify through regular expressions;
Powerful test scripting language: Using standard test scripting language Java, you can take advantage of the advantages of industrial standard languages.
4.3.2 Software Automation Pressure Test
The main goal of IBM Rational Pressure Test Tools is to quickly improve the performance test capability of the software test team, including load testing, pressure testing, and more. Rational Performance Test Solutions can easily and flexibly simulate a variety of load models to find performance tests for various requirements for response time bottlenecks, system throughput, maximum concurrent virtual users. include:
Using TestStudio to complete the management of test life, test plan, test design, test implementation, test implementation, test results analysis, etc.
With Test Suite in TestStudio, it is convenient to complete the various requirements for the load model, including:
Establish complex Scenario models; accurately simulate timing control of complex loads;
Load Analysis Based on Transaction;
Establish a target-oriented transaction load model, for example: 100 transactions / sec
The response time is accurate to 1/100 seconds;
Supports different IP addresses simulations for different virtual users;
Accurate baud rate simulation;
With TestStudio, it is convenient to complete the observation of various indicators during the pressure test;
With TestStudio, it is convenient to complete the pressure test results and the generation of various results reports;
4.4 Using IBM Rational Software Test Tool to implement the reliability test and unit test of software automation
IBM Rational Software Test Tools PURIFYPLUS is mainly used to help software test teams rapidly enhance unit testing capabilities and reliability testing capabilities in the short term. The main features are: quick effect, convenient use, low threshold, short training time, developer 2 The software can be fully understood during the hour. PurifyPlus includes three products of Rational Purify, Quantify, and Purecoverage, the main functions as follows:
Rational Purify mainly for memory errors that are difficult to discover during software development, runtime errors. During the software development process: automatically discovers errors;
Accurate positioning errors;
Provide complete error message;
Thus, the debugging time is reduced, helping the development team to find defects and ultimately form high-quality products, so that you can truly publish better software.
Rational Quantify mainly solves performance issues during software development. In the software development process:
Easily identify and display the performance bottleneck of your application, ensuring the quality and performance of the entire application.
Rational Quantify provides a global graphical view of performance data to the development team, enabling you to pay attention to performance issues from the beginning of the development process, truly publish better software.
Rational Purecoverage provides test coverage information for applications. In the software development process:
Can automatically find out the code in the code, guarantee the code test coverage;
Help developers ensure the quality of development and enable quality assurance personnel to evaluate the test work.
A comprehensive coverage report can be generated for each test, you can run the generated override data multiple times, and automatically compare the test results to evaluate the test progress.
4.5 Using the Rational Software Test Tool to realize the automation test of real-time system software
IBM Rational Test RealTime is mainly suitable for developing real-time systems and software development with high-demand non-real-time systems, which can help test teams quickly build unit testing, integration testing, system testing and other test capabilities. It provides an automatic test (including unit testing, integrated testing, system testing), code coverage, memory leak check, performance analysis, and UML tracking, help software test teams found and repair software defects before the system crashes. Its main functional characteristics are as follows:
Automatically generate test script templates and test programs (including drive modules and pile modules): Automatically generate the test scripts and test programs that run on the target via source code analysis. In addition to using the test script specifies the test data, it is not necessary to manually encode. And in the test report, the test results and source code are associated, and the code modification is simplified;
Code coverage, memory leakage, and performance bottlenecks are analyzed by code automatic pinning, and associated with test cases;
By associating test results and observations and subject code, the test is used as an important part of the development, it is really realized that the development side test is realized, and the test is observed while watching the integration of this integration;
GM, low-cost and easy-to-transplantable target adaptation technology (TDP): Using TDP technology, the test is independent of the compiler, the connector, the debugger, and the target structure, realizing the development environment, multi-objective structure;
Model observation and code coverage integration: Observe the application running status using the UML Trace function, and override the implementation of test cases and models through the state machine model, and take advantage of the strengths of models and code levels;
Integrate with ClearCase, ClearQuest, and RUP: Complete version control for test files in the same integration environment, submit, and modifying more requests;
5. Small knot
Figure 9. IBM Rational Software Automation Test Solution
IBM Rational mainly provides software test teams to provide successful experience, automated test tools, and all-round consulting services. As shown in Figure 8, final implementation: a test team, based on a complete software test process, use one Set of complete automation software test tools, complete the full range of software quality verification, which is the essence of the IBM Rational test solution.
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