Grid: chance is knocking on the door
Global grid R & D boom, indicating an emerging information infrastructure being appearing. Grid will bring a revolution to the acquisition, transmission, sharing and utilization of information resources, but will also bring huge changes to human production and lifestyle. The third wave of the Internet has been taking the embankment of the information age, can we catch this tide? On April 5th, the Ministry of Science and Technology held the "Grid Strategy" on Beijing, issued a signal bomb that my country government and enterprises entered the new field of megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload megadownload in.
What is the grid?
At the seminar, experts from IBM, Microsoft, the National Science Foundation of my country and experts in China introduced the research and development of grids in the international academic and commercial sector, as well as the application needs of grid technology in our industries. Through expert introduction and discussion, the reporter understands that the grid is an emerging technology, which is constantly developing and changing, so the grid has not had precise definition and content location. However, it can be simply that the grid is an information society's network infrastructure, which will implement interconnection of all resources on the Internet, including computing resources, storage resources, communication resources, software resources, information resources, knowledge resources, etc. Grid will connect an information and resource is island, making people's work and life more convenient.
Dr. Xu Zhiwei, deputy director of the Calculation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that there are many research on the academic and commercial community around the grid. The content and name of its research are not the same, such as foreign media commonly used "next-generation Internet", "internet2". , "Next Generation Web", etc. to call grid related technologies. But "Next Generation Internet (NGI)" and "Internet2" are the name of the two specific research projects in the United States, and they cross the grid research targets, the research content and focus are very different. There are also many names in the corporate community, content distribution (Service Delivery), E-Service, Real-Time Enterprise Computing, Real-Time Enterprise Computing, Real-Time Enterprise Computing, Recurrent Calculation PEER- To-Peer Computing (WEB Services), Web Services (WEB SERVICES).
For what is grid, Li Guojie, director of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that the grid is actually the third wave of the third-generation Internet after the web, the third generation of Internet applications.
Grid competition is a compelling control
As the Minister of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Minister of Science and Technology is pointed out, looking at thousands of years of human civilization, especially nearly a hundred years of development history, from steam engines, generators, calls to computers, each triggering the source of change is technological innovation However, fundamental changes are always accompanied by grids (GRID) that rely on related products. According to the US "Forbes" magazine forecast, mesh technology will have a peak in 2004-2005, and promote the continued rapid development of the information industry market, which will produce a large-output value of $ 20 trillion in 2020. The key is who will be "power company" with this big grid? Who is "Power Control Center"? What rule is used to use "electricity"? This is the real competition center. Because of this, today's grid boom, the business opportunities indicating that the governments and enterprises are active for competition, and the intensity of competition is absolutely not as competition in the supercomputer.
The government's investment of huge investment is a major focus of competition. Developing countries such as developed countries such as the United States and Japan to India have launched a large grid research program and have received strong support from the industry. The British government has invested 100 million pounds to develop "NK National Grid". The basic research funding for US government for network technology has reached $ 500 million. The US military is planning a grand grid plan, called "Global Information Grid", which is expected to be completed in 2020. As part of this plan, the US Navy Marine Team has launched a project that spends $ 16 billion and last 8 years. For competition in the business sector, it has already begun. The main IT vendors have already set up competition for the control of the grid computing. Sun, Microsoft, HP, Compaq, IBM, etc., you have to make a difference in this new field. Only last year, IBM announced $ 4 billion in the field of grid computing, 40 data centers in the world, and their investment and business plans were very amazing.
How far is grid?
There is a view that the grid enters practical applications are far away from us, and this process may take 10 to 20 years. Through the discussion, experts believe that this view is incorrect. Experts from domestic biomedicine, aerospace manufacturing, labor and social security, land resources, railways, governments, etc. Experts to engage in grid technology research, discussing the direction of my country's grid research, thinking that some of our country The application department is doing the noun used, but the idea of grid technology is consistent. Grid applications can be started from some specific applications, some of which have better application base applications, and it is possible to achieve results within two or three years.
Where did we start?
Saying the grid is a large computer, it is the third generation of the Internet. It is important that Chinese people should play in the grid construction should have a business opportunity.
Dr. Xu Zhiwei said that the development of the Internet has been 32 years since the development, and there have been 3180 technical standard documents (RFC). my country's science and technology community only participated in a technical standard document. That is, March 1996 (after the first standard invention of the Internet, the TCP / IP protocol was invented after 22 years later. "The Chinese character encoding standard (RFC 1922) taught by Professor Hu Daolong (RFC 1922). The development of Web has also been in recent years. There have been 46 technical standards, and there is no other technical standard in my country's science and technology community. Xu Zhiwei called for: "We don't want historical replay. We don't want to see that in 2005, in 2010, the international science and technology community developed, there is no participation in my country's science and technology community."
The academician of Li Guojie believes: "In the research and development of the first generation and the second-generation Internet protocol, China lost opportunities. In the development of the third-generation Internet protocol, we should play a role. China has identified the development of industrialization with information technology. Strategy. When implementing informationization, it is necessary to leap in the development. Don't follow the foreigners. On the one hand, the centralized world should vigorously promote the second-generation Internet technology, especially e-government, e-commerce, distance education, etc. The world wants to innovate, actively develop third-generation Internet technology, and strive to achieve technical leaps in the early days, so that China can stand in the forest of information technology. "The standard is the foundation of competition. In the mesh field, we should not only participate in the standard competition and should also develop your own application and industries. The Ministry of Science and Technology will support the research and application of "High Performance Calculation" for "863" program, and the special expert group will be established in the near future.
From 2001 to 2005, the grid will set off a new tide around the world. The opportunity it brings will be an excellent opportunity to achieve leapfrog development. (For more introduction to the grid, please see "Computer World" 2001 report, Website: www.ccw.com.cn) IT giants
SUN is a step in the mesh field, and the open source strategy based on grid engine (Grid Engine) distributed resource management software is launched in 2000. To this end, Sun has released the "Grid Engine" version 5.3 test version, which makes the internal grid calculation of the enterprise more easily.
IBM announced $ 4 billion in the field of grid computing in the world to build 40 data centers around the world, thereby formal entry into the field of grid computing. At the same time, IBM is selected by the British government, responsible for providing key technologies for the British National Grid project, the budget of $ 25 million, will connect 8 university computers. In addition, IBM also announced a project called North Carolina's Biological Information Science Grid, involving 60 companies, universities and biomedical research companies, and its significance is that this is the world's first main industry participation. Grid project.
Microsoft decides to support Globus Projects. The organization's Globus Toolkit software enables companies to build and manage grids. Microsoft's research sector also participated in various distributed computing research projects, including fault-tolerant remote file system Farsite, and Millenium for building a distributed system.
HP also means that CoolBase software will be provided, allowing users to share various computing devices over Internet.
Compaq has a complete, integrated, open network solution to Canada to provide users with complete, integrated, open network solutions. Compaq announced in November last year that Platform Grid Suite will be sold.
Japan NTT announced that it will carry out six month mesh calculation tests in the mid-2002, and participants include Intel, SGI, etc. The test will connect to 1 million PCs from Japanese families, enterprises and academic institutions. It is expected that the testing capacity of the test will reach 65 trillion floating point operations per second, and it is 6 times more of the existing fastest supercomputer.
Grid Q & A
Q: What is the technical characteristics of the grid?
A: Realize shared resources, working in different places, support open standards, function dynamic changes.
Q: What are the key technologies of the grid?
A: If you think the entire Internet is a computer, there will be the following questions:
(1) What is a grid hardware, processor, memory, and external device? What kind of architecture should it be?
(2) What is grid operating system, process and thread? What is its address space? How to manage its resources?
(3) What is a grid programming environment and use environment? What is a grid user interface? What is a grid programming language?
(4) What is grid application? What kind of model and character are they?
(5) From the user's point of view, what is the difference between the grid and the current Internet / Web? What kind of unique is it available?
Q: What is the relationship between networks and people?
A: The impact of the grid is the whole society, involving all aspects of work and life. For example, a one-stop office in e-government, manufacturing enterprises, manufacturing, manufacturing, massive data management and resource sharing, social security system pension anti-lower, cross-regional medical insurance payment, etc. Need to solve it with grid technology.
Q: Can the grid integrate existing business applications and systems? Is it necessary to develop a new system and application from head?
A: Grid can integrate existing business applications and systems, no need to develop new systems and applications from headers. There are already some available grid technology products that can be integrated into an existing application system. Q: How should China join international grid research development activities? How to participate in international standards?
A: The important technical standards for grids will appear in 2004-2005, which will bring new opportunities to my country. my country should actively participate in the development of international grid research and development and international standards. At the same time, we must follow international standards, and develop our own grid technology and its application systems in conjunction with national conditions.
