Apache provides a variety of features for network administrators, including directory index, directory alias, content negotiation, configurable HTTP error report, CGI program's setuid execution, child process resource management, server-side image map, rewrite URL, URL spell check and online manual MAN, etc. That is, if you have successfully installed Apache on Linux Server, your computer will also turn around with Apache, becoming a veritable web server, which is indeed exciting.
In the Internet era, the release of the external homepage has become an important means of establishing the company's image, and the internal home page has become the main way of company management. However, if you want to implement these features, you should first configure our Linux Server to become a powerful web server. This chapter will detail how to configure the APACHE server. I hope that all the colleagues can achieve the purpose of reading this film to reach the theoretical practice, and quickly become an excellent network administrator in a short period of time.
1.2 required resources
1.2.1 required package
RedHat6.2 server installation
1.2.2 required configuration files
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf system comes with, administrator configuration
/etc/httpd/conf/access.conf system comes with it, no need to modify
/etc/httpd/conf/srm.conf system comes with it, no need to modify
1.3 configuration plan
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
Description: Apache master configuration file
Source File:
Servertype Standalone
# Define the WebServer's booting method for Standalone to enhance its timely response to large number of access.
Serverroot "/ etc / httpd"
# Specify the directory containing the HTTPD server file
Lockfile /var/lock/httpd.lock
Pidfile /var/run/httpd.pid
ScoreboardFile /var/run/httpd.scoreboard
TIMEOUT 300
# Response timeout, unit is second
Keepalive ON
# Allow users to establish permanent connection
MaxkeepaliveRequests 100
KeepaliveTimeout 15
MinSpareServers 5
# Minimum of idle server processes to be reserved
MaxSpareServers 20
# The maximum value of the idle server process to be retained
STARTSERVERS 8
# The number of daemons when the system starts
MaxClients 150
# The maximum client number that can serve the service, which is greater than its part of its part is put into the request queue
MaxRequestSperChild 100
LOADMODULE vhost_alias_module modules / mod_vhost_alias.so
LOADMODULE ENV_MODULE MODULES / MOD_ENV.SO
LoadModule config_log_module modules / mod_log_config.so
LOADMODULE AGENT_LOG_MODULE MODULES / MOD_LOG_AGENT.SO
LOADMODULE REFERER_LOG_MODULE MODULES / MOD_LOG_REFERER.SO
LOADMODULE MIME_MODULE MODULES / MOD_MIME.SO
LoadModule Negotiation_Module Modules / MOD_NEGOTITION.SO
LoadModule Status_Module Modules / MOD_STATUS.SO
LOADMODULE INFO_MODULE MODULES / MOD_INFO.SOLOADMODULE INCLUDES_MODULE MODULES / MOD_INCLUDE.SO
LoadModule AutoIndex_Module Modules / MOD_AUTOINDEX.SO
LoadModule Dir_Module Modules / MOD_DIR.SO
LoadModule CGI_Module Modules / MOD_CGI.SO
LoadModule Asis_Module Modules / MOD_ASIS.SO
LoadModule IMAP_MODULE MODULES / MOD_IMAP.SO
LoadModule Action_Module Modules / MOD_A / AACTIONS.SO
LoadModule Userdir_Module Modules / MOD_USERDIR.SOSO
LoadModule Alias_Module Modules / MOD_ALIAS.SO
LoadModule Rewrite_Module Modules / MOD_rewrite.so
LoadModule Access_Module Modules / MOD_ACCESS.SO
LoadModule Auth_Module Modules / MOD_AUTH.SO
LOADMODULE Anon_AUTH_MODULE MODULES / MOD_AUTH_ANON.SO
LoadModule DB_AUTH_MODULE MODULES / MOD_AUTH_DB.SO
LoadModule Digest_Module Modules / MOD_Digest.so
LoadModule Proxy_Module Modules / LibProxy.so
LoadModule Expires_Module Modules / MOD_EXPIRES.SO
LoadModule Headers_Module Modules / MOD_HEADERS.SO
LoadModule Usertrack_Module Modules / MOD_USERTRACK.SO
LoadModule SetENVIF_MODULE MODULES / MOD_SETENVIF.SO
LoadModule Perl_Module Modules / Libperl.so
LoadModule PHP3_MODULE MODULES / LIBPHP3.SO
ClearModuleList
AddModule MOD_VHOST_ALIAS.C
AddModule MOD_ENV.C
AddModule MOD_LOG_CONFIG.C
AddModule MOD_LOG_AGENT.C
AddModule MOD_LOG_REFERER.C
AddModule MOD_MIME.C
AddModule MOD_NEGOTIATION.C
AddModule MOD_STATUS.C
AddModule MOD_INFO.C
AddModule MOD_INCLUDE.C
AddModule MOD_AUTOINDEX.C
AddModule MOD_DIR.C
AddModule MOD_CGI.C
AddModule MOD_ASIS.C
Addmodule MOD_IMAP.C
AddModule MOD_ACTIONS.C
#Addmodule mod_speling.c
AddModule MOD_USERDIR.C
AddModule MOD_ALIAS.C
AddModule MOD_REWRITE.C
AddModule MOD_ACCESS.C
AddModule MOD_AUTH.C
AddModule MOD_AUTH_ANON.C
AddModule MOD_AUTH_DB.CADDModule MOD_Digest.c
AddModule MOD_PROXY.C
AddModule MOD_EXPIRES.C
AddModule MOD_HEADERS.C
AddModule MOD_USERTRACK.C
AddModule MOD_SO.C
AddModule MOD_SETENVIF.C
AddModule MOD_PERL.C
AddModule MOD_PHP3.C
Port 80
# Define the port number of the TCP used by the server
User Nobody
Group nobody
# The above two lines are file permissions for new users assigned to httpd, for security considerations.
Their permissions are set to be the lowest.
ServerAdmin root@weboa.com.cn
# Set the mail address of the web administrator
ServerName Weboa
# Defining the client from the host name when reading data from the server, the default value
It is Localhost. When you first install Linux, you will always go wrong here.
Documentroot "/ home / weboa / jakarta-tomcat / webapps / weboa"
# Set the root directory of all Apache documents, for example, user
Http://www.weboa.com.cn/index.html Access request, Apache to it
Response is /Home/weboa/jakarta-tomcat/webapps/weboa/index.html
Options Followsymlinks
ALLOWOVERRIDE NONE
Options INDEXES INCLUDES FOLLOWSYMLINKS
ALLOWOVERRIDE NONE
ORDER ALOW, DENY
Allow from all # Allows everyone to access
Userdir public_html
DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.shtml index.cgi
# Set a variety of ways to successfully access the home page, to improve the fault tolerance of the system
AccessFileName .htaccess
ORDER ALOW, DENY
Deny from all
Usecanonicalname on
TypeSconfig /etc/mime.types
DefaultType Text / Plain
MimeMagicfile Share / Magic
Hostnamelookups off
ErrorLog / USR / httpd / log / error_log
Loglevel Warn
# Define those error types being recorded in the error log
Logformat "% H% L% u% T /"% r / "%> s% b /"% {referer} I / "/"% {user-agent} i / "combined
# All logFormats are used to define entries in the log
Logformat "% H% L% u% T /"% r / "%> s% B" CommON
Logformat "% {referer} i ->% u" Referer
Logformat "% {User-agent} i" Agent
Customlog / usr / httpd / log / access_log common
Serversignature ON
Alias / icons / "/ home / httpd / icons /"
# Define the correspondence between the virtual host directory and the system directory
Options Indexes MultiViews
ALLOWOVERRIDE NONEORDER ALLOW, DENY
ALLOW FROM ALL
Scriptalias / cgi-bin / "/ home / httpd / cgi-bin /"
# Define the CGI directory
ALLOWOVERRIDE NONE
Options Execcgi
ORDER ALOW, DENY
ALLOW FROM ALL
IndexOptions FancyIndexing
AddiconbyEncoding (CMP, / ICONS / Compressed.gif) X-Compress X-Gzip
AddiconByType (txt, / icons / text.gif) text / *
AddiconByType (IMG, / ICONS / Image2.gif) Image / *
AddiconByType (SND, / ICONS / SOUND2.GIF) AUDIO / *
AddiconBytype (VID, / ICONS / MOVIE.GIF) VIDEO / *
Addicon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exe
Addicon /icons/binhex.gif .hqx
Addicon /icons/tar.gif.tar
Addicon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .iv.
Addicon /icons/compressed.gif.z .z .tgz .gz .zip
Addicon /icons/a.gif.ps .ai .eps
Addicon /icons/Layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdf
Addicon /icons/text.gif.txt
Addicon /icons/c.gif .c .c
Addicon /icons/p.gif.pl .py
Addicon /icons/f.gif .for
Addicon /icons/dvi.gif.dvi
Addicon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uu
Addicon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tcl
Addicon /icons/tex.gif .tex
Addicon /icons/bomb.gif core
Addicon /icons/back.gif ..
Addicon /icons/hand.right.gif ready
Addicon /icons/folder.gif ^^ Directory ^^
Addicon /icons/blank.gif ^^ blankicon ^^
Defaulticon /icons/unknown.gif
ReadMename Readme
Headername header
Addencoding X-Compress Z
Addencoding X-Gzip GZ TGZ
Addilaguage en .en
AddLanguage Fr .fr
AddLanguage de .de
AddLanguage da .da
AddLanguage El .l.
AddLanguage It .it
LanguagePriority En fr de
AddType Application / X-httpd-php3 .php3
AddType Application / X-httpd-php3-source .phps
AddType Application / X-httpd-php .phtml
AddType Application / X-tar .tgz
Addtype text / html .shtml
AddHndler Server-Parsed .shtml
AddHandler Imap-File Map
Browsermatch "RealPlayer 4 / .0" Force-Response-1.0Browsermatch "Java / 1 / .0" Force-Response-1.0
Browsermatch "JDK / 1 / .0" Force-Response-1.0
Alias / perl / / home / httpd / perl /
SetHandler Perl-script
Perlhandler Apache :: Registry
Options Execcgi
Alias / Doc / / USR / DOC /
ORDER DENY, ALOW
Deny from all
ALLOW from Localhost
Options Indexes FollowSymlinks
INCLUDE / Etc/httpd/conf/tomcat-apache.conf
Alias / Netcard "/ Home / WebA / Jakarta-Tomcat / WebApps / Weboa / Net_Card"
Options Indexes FollowSymlinks
ALLOW FROM ALL
Cachesize 5
# Define the size of the cache area, in KB. Can be set as needed and hard disk space size
Cachegcinterval 4
# Check the cache every 4 hours, and delete the file more than Cachesize
CacheMaxExpire 24
#Http files are maintained for up to 24 hours
CacheLastModifiedFactor 0.1
# Define the HTTP file failure period, the default is 0.1, meaning that the failure period = time X of the last revision, such as 5 hours from the last revised time, then the expiration date is 5x0.1 = 0.5 hours
CachedefaultExpire 1
# This instruction provides a default time (hour) to destroy the cache file, which is unknown to the last change time of these files. The cachemaxexpire command does not overwrite this setting
## The following is how to log in to the control for a directory ## Add the following in /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:
Alias / WEBOA / "/ home / weboa /"
Options Indexes MultiViews
ALLOWOVERRIDE AUTHCONFIG
ORDER ALOW, DENY
ALLOW FROM ALL
Built .htaccess file in the / home / weboa directory
Authname "Shared Files"
Authtype Basic
Authorfile / etc / httpd / conf / passwd
Require Valid-User
Execute a command to generate an authentication file in the / etc / httpd / conf directory
Htpasswd -c THJ THJ # Create a authentication file and the first name and password
Htpasswd Weboa Weboa # Add other usernames and passwords
### The following is a method of implementing a virtual host ###
Need to add the following in /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:
Alias / WebAdmin / "/ Home / Weboa / WebAdmin / HTML /"
Options Indexes MultiViews
ALLOWOVERRIDE NONE
ORDER ALOW, DENY
ALLOW FROM ALL
NameVirtualHost 192.168.0.1 # DNS server for virtual domain name
ServerAdmin root@weboa.com.cn # NMS email address
DocumentRoot / Home / Weboa / WebAdmin / HTML / # server page directory servername webadmin.weboa.com.cn # server name
Need to add content added to /VAR/NAMED/Name2ip.conf:
WebAdmin in A 192.168.0.1
1.4 Test and Management Measures
1.4.1 test method
Whenever the administrator changes the setting of Apache, the /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd restart should make changes to take effect.
1.4.2 management method
Apache offers a large number of log files. When Apache is wrong, the administrator can diagnose according to the path to the ErrorLog defined in htppd.conf. The specific method is:
Tail -f / var / log / httpd / apache / error_log
