A widely circular explanation of project management
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Quote from http://www.way2sec.com/archives/2005/03/000958.html
I want to ask everyone a question: Do you think the Chinese is smart or the Americans? I have seen the best answer is the American Chinese. We said that Americans are very stupid, why? You have taken T or G, they often have such questions 1/3 1/2 =? 50% of people answered 2/5, this is the test of the American graduate entrance examination! I usually have 1 1/2 1/2 = before this issue. why? They are afraid that it is too difficult to give a warm-up. I have seen a lot of PHD in the United States. For Americans, IF ... Else ... is logical, and if ... if ... Else ... is a philosophy, it is also a more philosophy in the United States. Dr. :) We said that Americans are stupid, then why should we learn them? This problem will wait later. Another question: If you just bought a luxurious house, you can write all the walls on the wall "I love the Great Wall never, I love Beijing Tiananmen", what should you do? Some girls say that they are fighting, huh, huh, this answer is relatively rare from the girl's mouth. What is American?
They will say to the child: "Your old man is really painting talents, it is Picasso's Picasso. You can sell at least 1 million US dollars." You know that Americans like money, quantification with money must be obvious. But obvious, your old man can't save the painting on the wall, so I will buy a canvas tomorrow, you will have a picture. Otherwise, how many Picasso we have to lose! So we can see our little baby rolls on the canvas. The wall is also clean.
The Chinese are very smart. From everyone, it can be seen, but Chinese people have smart practices, they are often doing every project is made in accordance with their opinions. And how Americans are working, they are like taking a shower, they will hang a piece of paper in front of it, and write first, then wash the ears, then the face, and then do things have a certain process, gradually A set of systems is formed. So this is also our purpose of our discussion today.
Project management is divided into nine knowledge fields, which are cost management, quality management, time management, range management, human resource management, communication management, risk management, procurement management and overall management. The time, quality and cost management constitutes a triangular, a triangle, a triangle, a triangle, quality, cost (equilateral triangle), must drive other deformation, if time is shortened, how? It is the "gift project" that we often say, and it will definitely affect quality and cost. Ask everyone a question, what is the stuff in this triangle? Yes, it is a range management, which is the scope of the project we said. This is what we often say "project management triangles"
Here is the cost of project management's "project management triangle" project triangle, mainly from the cost of the resources required, and naturally include the cost of human resources. This is very good to understand. In order to shorten the project time, you need to increase project cost (resources) or reduce project scope; in order to save project costs (resources), you can reduce project range or extend project time; if demand changes result in increased project range, you need to increase project costs (resources) ) Or extended project time through "Project Management Triangle" we understand the company's cost, time, quality and scope of simple definition. How much time we say that a project manager is used to communicate? It should be not less than 75% of the time to communicate, so project management will columnize the project communication management. All of these areas have a main line is the overall management of the project to be unified. Due to time limitations, we don't discuss other fields of knowledge in detail, because today is entry, haha
In addition to the nine knowledge fields, project management should also understand that 5 process groups are: start, plan, execute, control, and end. These 5 process groups run through every intellectual field, do you understand? For example, a person (metaphor) is hard to find a girlfriend, in order to enhance further distance, he wants to come to the Eurasia 8th, so he put his own savings - 30,000 yuan, one-time input . But in the process of travel, his MM looks at another handsome guy, so people wealth, what is wrong? It has a problem when his project is started, and there is no market research. There is no way to control the results. According to the explanation of PMI, after the order, the project naturally turned into the start-up stage, and finally, she finally saved 30,000. This time he didn't travel with the beauty, considering his own fees, he invited this girl to watch the movie . So he took this girl to see - "The first drop of blood" is called cool, the girl looks very cool, after reading, she feels that this guy has violent tendency, so I break again. What is wrong? Yes, there is no effective demand survey, which is not a clear demand definition when planning. So he knew that the girl loves to see the song and dance, so he asked a woman to see "Swan Lake", but there was a happened. After entering, I found that the seat is not together, waiting for the seat to change together. The dance drama is over, what is this explanation? Yes, there is no good implementation, and the at least do not have effective supervision during the execution. The other processes are not explained, I emphasized here is the importance of the end. We tend to pay attention to contractual finishes, but always ignore management of management. What is management? Someone learned all the lessons, finally got a marriage certificate, what should I do? Yes, you should also summarize all the lessons, report it to your mother in writing, and post it behind the door. Then in the middle of the Chinese hall, it is necessary to talk to the love person. After reading the door - "Love Guide", all the brothers and sisters will talk about love, they must first refer to the love guide behind the door. This can play an effect, yes, after their love project operation can stay at this level. How is this process guarantees, yes, there is also our QA personnel, which is his mother responsible for quality control. Family regulations, do not participate in the person or not this operator is not allowed to fall in love! Big company generally has a quality management department (QA), and QA members are basically the old fox who transformed from very experienced PM. It is a powerful compete for the boss's successor :) This is also what we say a failure project will cultivate a The reason for the outstanding project manager.
Which door, "Love Guide", we call it documentation, is the documentation important? We said that comrades in Telecom Science and Technology are important, why is it because they manage this, but what about us? Everyone picks up a pen around you, tell me how long he? Some say 10 cm, some say 10.0987 cm. We say that his estimation is very accurate, but not accurate! ! This is what I told you just 10 cm before taking a pen, then compare you with your pen. Is it easier to calculate? This shows that the document is very important. Some people think that the document is the most boring. After the project is over, it is not a summary. Wrong, the finishing of the document should be used throughout the project management. The management of documents is a means of good tracking and monitoring of the project. Simple talk is to conduct your documentation based on your project plan. The general file classification main line is: standby, plan, execute, and end 4 categories; then in every class, according to the task or group classification management, based on which requirement according to your project complexity and management habits, the principle is convenient for you Tracking the progress of the entire project. We talked about the nine knowledge fields of project management, five process groups, as well as "project management triangles", let us speak PMBOK. PMBOK is a project management Bible, that is, Project Management Body Of Knowledge, Project Management Knowledge System Guide It is the core guidance publication of the US Project Management Association (PMI) but it is like a dictionary, often you see the third page will fall asleep :) In this brief introduction to the US Project Management Association (PMI) and International Project Management Association (IPMA) US Project Management Association only has a certificate, and IPMA has four levels, you can take a test, this will be detailed .
Let's take a few nouns, if you have mastered, one and people say that the project management you will be thrown out, and no one dares to look at you. They are WBS, Gantt, Baseline, Project Conditions and Key Paths
WBS is Work Breakdown Structre, the definition of Work Decomposition Structure WBS is still very troublesome, and PM should be held to discuss, provide members with all the details related to the project, and decompose the WBS to the third layer. Then take a while to let the members think about brainning storm, formulate work production and corresponding person's responsibilities, and record the completion of each work package. For example, we have to get married, how to decompose it, nothing more than a catering, shooting a marriage photo, and so on, this has made detailed decomposition in the forum, everyone can find it. We said why WBS is important, and most of the project management consulting is aimed at WBS because WBS is done well. If you have a reference, you will know what you should do, what progress is completed in different stages. In fact, the division of WBS is no rules. The main consideration is convenient for you to do all kinds of statistics, for management services. The same project has different focus, and the division of the WBS structure may also be completely different. Measuring the standard or bad standard should be to see if it satisfies your management needs.
Gantt Chart is also called cross tracks, etc., many names, we say that it is Gantt to start using the first World War, which is based on WBS, and controls the elderly
For the benchmark, I am like an example. Before we didn't get married, do you step on a few boats? We said that the law allows but morals are not allowed, but you can step on the N boat :) But when you have entered a small black room with your friends, then bring two stamps, you can Is it a boat on the feet? We are not allowed at this time, because you have passed a baseline (Baseline) If you still want to step back, you need to return to the small black room to cover two chapters. What if our project is going to do, it is the project change? We said that such project changes will affect each of the elements such as time, cost, quality, etc. We should be controlled by the Project Management Office. If you want to change the benchmark, you must strictly limit. When the customer proposes a change request, the change application registration form and the change application table are set, and the customer is signed. Sometimes some module PMs that are not very critical are not to talk about blisters. When the face is still selling, especially when the opposite is leading, it is necessary to sell face, but don't sell too simply, don't Let them get too easy. PM needs to do in the change management, the analysis change request, evaluate the risk and modify the criterion file that may be caused. If a project is in the process, for example, the current dessert 3G project, you find that if you spend more time, you can write a very useful program, but this program is not within the scope of this project, do you want to do it? Yes, we can't do it, you can reach a project to do it, but you can't do this in this project, this will be exceeding our project cost, risk increase, and other projects lack comparison and reference value.
This is also the reason why we say about more than 80% of the project failed. We said that the project failure is not the project, completely bankrupt, there is a clear definition in PMI, all the costs of the project exceed the budget, quality is not guaranteed, Time exceeds expect to wait within the range of failure.
This is very good in Huawei, Huawei has a famous incremental development. Use only 20% of the function first to meet your 80% of the needs, and other features I can develop upgraded versions, so they add numbers after the decimal point, that is, V1, V1.1, v1.11 .... Waiting for all versions, it has never met all your needs, we think about it, no thing to take out your own mobile phone to try all the PING code, we say no, most of our needs are called, send Message, play games, right? This is very important in project management, please study the information.
What is the program of the project, who gives me an example? Yes, including the project staff, the right we say that there is a time we need to have time, if your project is successful, but the programmers of the project become a bachelor, the project is still very failed, at least not a heart-sick PM I think so. Rational Solving the conflict of the project officer is a very tired problem, including you can only manage, your chairman, your customers, etc., wait, some say useless? Ok, if your project is progressing, what should you do? Yes, sitting, find your high-level, sitting in the conference room, don't talk to him, only let him look at everyone, everyone will think that this guy must have a relationship with the leadership, we still do this project, A project will give him a mixed child :) So in order not to get tired, analyze your project, let's last talk about some basic knowledge, including what is project management, what is project management? Do you say that there are several knowledge fields in project management? How many process groups do you say? Let us think of the example of the MM? There is also a metaphor for the old mother to do QA a few days, we have emphasized
What is the project? People often use "time", "resource (or lack of resources)", "some kind of work effort", "payment or product", "integrated work", "lack of powers of other teams", and budget "Come to it under definition. In fact, the project is a unique work effort to import or produce a new product or a new service in accordance with some specification and application standards. This work is done in project parameters such as limited time, cost fees, human resources and funding. First give you a definition of a project, what is the project? Based on the definition of PMPBOK, the project is a process for completing a unique product or providing a unique service in a period of time. This process is subject to time, human, resource, cost, and quality restriction items: 1. Temporary 2. Uniqueness 3. One of you told me what is the item below: A HP and Kangbia organism restructuring HP Recombinant with Kangbia. B Built a new factory C to rebuild road D Engineering material procurement E development software package F wedding ceremony g Seeking Laden Some people say that it is looking for Baden, everyone says that Laden has a clear end time? Of course, we can assume that it is not found for 50 years. If the project is not found? So, we don't discuss which project today is the project, all problems need to be placed in a specific environment, otherwise there is no meaning.
Let's start with you.
What is WBS? WBS is a work decomposition structure, just like a road traffic map, it can guide you how you want to go from the current location. Without it, you may be lost. How to do a good WBS? Sometimes there is no example when accepting a new project, there is no need to learn from the feeling of decomposition, because everyone's solving problem is different, there are many categories of people with different projects, because they can decompose according to the process of work, or according to the system The method is structurally decomposed, but I think there is a very important principle that it is the essence of McKinsey. They are very emphasized when they break down the work is MECE, MUTURALLY EXCLUSIVE, Collective Exhaustive, which is independent of each other. The principle, that is, now, "horizontal, longitudinal to the side", if the decomposition adheres to this principle, I want to have Perfect's WBS, in fact, the WBS is not "true biography", just by PMI. Named WBS, sometimes we also solve problems in a similar way, nothing to improve, but WBS is indeed a core step of doing things. Do you need a WBS to pay attention to something? ? The first level is usually the same as the project life cycle (such as demand analysis, design, purchase, construction ...)? The first level should be completed before the project is further decomposed? The WBS's part is the first level (segment " )? One work unit is related to one upper unit. The work content of the upper unit should be equal to the sum of all of its direct lower working units? One work unit is responsible for one person? Using the same definition throughout the WBS, the entire organization Often? Through the people including the WBS to motivate him to complete the plan? What is the Gantt chart? 1. Display activities in the form of graphics or forms. 2. It is now a general way to display progress. 3. The actual calendar day and duration should be included during construction. Don't calculate what weekends and holidays within the progress?
First ask a question, you say that in a project, which time the initial stage and the end stage are the risk of the project? Yes, when you start, I have countless uncontrollable factors at the beginning. What stage is big? Yes, at the end, it is said that the two is the opposite /, so that the probability of success in the initiation phase of the project is the highest, the probability of risk is the highest, but once the expected risk is, the loss is the smallest. . Think about Guangzhou and Shenzhen's bad buildings? How much is lost? ? ? ! ! ! ! !
In addition, we have to clarify several definitions: 1 is certain. It has obvious possibilities, such as China and South Korea against competition, and the winning losers are obvious :) 2 is risk. The Korean team can win a few balls of the Chinese team are a risk prediction. 3 is an unknown. China and the US game door ball is unknown :)
