Science and belief
Zhang Shou
About the author: This article comes from Shanghai, first acquiring bachelor and master's degree in Berlin's Free University (198000 ~ 1983), then in Stonybrook, New York State University, Nanyang, NYSTROOK (198 Three ~ 1987). He is currently a deputy professor of the theoretical physics of Stanford University. Former editor according to: The contemporary outstanding young physicist Zhang Shouxi, led us to the temple of modern physics: On the one hand, the simple and beautiful, and Einstein, and the other hand, from "Improving principle" and "brother"尔 定 」」 」入 入 解 因...............,..,,..... 并 并 并 并The science has an eternal limit. If there is a limitation of the future, science and beliefs not only have contradictions today, but will never have contradictions in the future. Human development has developed from the ages, the problems of science and belief have been a major topic. The existence of religious beliefs is supernatural, and scientific research is an objective law of nature. What is the relationship between the two is a matter of believer concerns, and many of many scientists have walked into the door of beliefs. The current rapid development of science and technology, which makes it necessary to think about the relationship between modern science and belief. Modern science starts with Renaissance to Renaissance. At that time, a major case of scientific and religious conflicts occurred, and this case will often be filed at the time of science and belief. Scientist Galileo passed many scientific experiments to rotate the globe. But the Roman Pope claims that the Earth is the center of the universe, there is a constant position. The pope abuses his power and accesses Galileo. However, Galileo has been unyielding after reading his trial in the Holy See: "It (the earth) is still turning." Today, four hundred years, history has undoubtedly confirmed that Galileo is correct. The Roman Holy See also officially apologized to Galileo. But this case led an alert problem. The Pope is invisible to Galileo. Of course, it is important reason that Galile is threatened to the Pope's personal authority, but any belief will inevitably form a worldview, a point of view from beliefs for nature. Although the belief itself is subjective abstraction, it comes from the worldview of faith, but there is a common problem with scientific research. At that time, the Roman Holy See did recognize that the earth is the center of the universe, forming a conflict with the scientific at the time. Therefore, when we deeply think about the relationship between science and belief, we must answer a few important questions: What is the worldview of Christian? Is this world view conflict with scientific knowledge, is there conflicted with future scientific knowledge? What is the difference between the worldview of Christianity and other religions? Galileo's relationship with the wrong understanding of the belief and modern science, we must first understand the knowledge brought by modern science. Galilea's most significant contribution is not to find the rotation of the earth, but laid the method of modern scientific research. Galileo believes that all knowledge comes from experiments, not from human subjective ideas. As long as there is enough time, there is a sufficiently accurate experimental instrument, we can measure everything and understand everything in nature. Galileo's view brings scientific rapid development. But it also deeply brought a "belief crisis". If we can use the experimental means to understand everything in nature, why do we need to believe? Galileo's rotation is indeed correct, but he believes that experiments can measure everything in nature, this belief has been mistaken by the physics of the twentieth century. If we have to understand the location of an object, we must use the experimental means to measure it. However, the measurement process must have an error, so that we cannot understand the true position of the object. Galileo's point of view believes that our experimental means will continue, and the experimental error will get smaller and smaller, so we can gradually enter the true position of the object. This view seems to be correct in the macro world, but research on the atomic world has proven to be wrong. Because our measurement process will change the substance itself.
This change is slightly in the macro world, but it is obvious in the micro world. For example, we have to measure the location of the object, we can use a microscope; but the microscope must use the light source. When the light source acts on the object, although the position of the object can be seen, it has changed, and it is not allowed. Quantum mechanics in atomic physics discovery: regardless of how accurate experimental instruments, measuring the error of the position and speed of the substance, always greater than one constant. In other words, we can never understand the location and speed of the matter, not today, it is impossible tomorrow, but it is never possible. In physics, the location and speed is the most basic nature of the material. So this "measurement principle" is very shocking. Great physicist Einstein is deeply painful. This principle fundamentally limits the belief that Galileo's "experiment can understand everything". The position and speed of the measurement substance are a scientific problem, but it cannot be answered by experiments. The hairdresser's mathematical propague physics has such incomingities, and there is such incomingity in mathematics. Mathematics is built in some axioms. From these axiom, many theorems can be derived to constitute a mathematical structure. Judging the correctness of mathematics does not require experiment, but it is necessary to prove that the structure of mathematics does not have a contradictory theorem. Mathematics believe that the proposition of any axiom system can eventually prove that it is correct or wrong. However, the belief in more than two thousand years is also wrong. In the 1930s, Mathematician Cream proved that in any mathematical axiom system, there are some mathematical propositions that cannot be judged. Corge proven is very deep, but his principle can be used to explain with a simple example: a homeman in a village, he said: "I want to give all the person who ignorable in this village." When this sentence When used in others, there is a very simple answer, but it is contradictory. If we assume that the hairdresser gives yourself, the conclusion is: He should not give himself haircut. If we assume that the hairdresser doesn't give yourself, the conclusion is: He should give himself haircut. Therefore, whether the hairdresser wants to give yourself a haircut is a contradictory proposition. Perhaps the reader will feel that this is just a text game, which comes from the inaccuracies of human language. However, it is surprising that there is also a contradictory problem in the most stringent and accurate mathematical language. What did the above two examples show? These two major foundations have changed their worldview. In the past, we believed that science knowledge, the experiment's technique has always been infinitely developed, and today's ignorance can be aware of tomorrow. As such, although on the one hand, we can prove that today's faith is in science, it is non-contradiction with today's science; however, when scientific development, today's faith will become a superstition tomorrow, will form faith and science. Contradictions, making Rome Holy See and Galileo's tragedy. But the two examples have changed all our ideas of science. Improving the principle tells us: Measuring the position and speed of the substance, the error is always greater than one constant. It is not that today's instrument is not accurate enough, but will never be accurate. The same Corge's theorem tells us: some propositions in mathematics cannot prove or pass. Not the math knowledge we have today is not enough, but never prove or pass. These two principles tell us that science has eternal limitations, and there is a limitation that cannot be changed in the future. Is there any meaning? These two principles have told us to have eternal limitations. Because they are scientific principles, they certainly can't tell us what is outside this limit. Many scientists believe that the problem other than this limit is meaningless. However, humans always pursue a unity and completeness of high levels.
These two principles itself can't tell us what the principle of this high level is, but can tell us that the principle of this high level will not conflict with today's science, and will not conflict with future science, because this The principle of the high layer is outside the scientific period. What is the principle of this high layer? We can see that scientific success is due to subjective and objective separation. But the biggest limitations of science are due to subjective and objective separation. The income principle is due to the impact of the observer (subjective) on the observer (objective). Also, when you use your proposition to others (objective), there is no contradiction. Contradictions when he uses the proposition of others (objective) for ourselves (subjective). So we can understand that in the limitation of science, we must be subjective and objective unity. Scientific development, pursuit of unity is the highest goal, in the past, people believe that material and energy are two different amounts, while Einstein E = MC2 formulas are unified. The lifelong dream of Einstein is to unite all the roles of the universe. So pursue subjective and objective unity, although not a scientific problem, is an ideal extension of scientific pursuit of uniform. What is subjective and objective unity? Of course, the answer to this question has certain subjectivity. The following is the feeling of myself. The highest pursuit of human beings, is the three words "true and good". Science can answer the true or not, and only subjective ideas can judge good and beauty. Pursuing the unity of these three, is the pursuit of subjective and objective unity. Einstein E = MC2 This formula is the truth of science, which can use experiments to decide. However, scientists saw the unity of energy and matter, seeing the magnificent universe, but can be described in such a simple formula, can't help but take the case, seeing this truth. Beautiful. This feeling is subjective and cannot be confirmed by experiments. But it comes from science, it is a unity of subjective and objective, and is also a unity of true and beauty. The unity of true and goodness If the universe is unordered, it is difficult to imagine that there will be such a simple formula to describe the law of the universe. If there is no purpose, the objective truth will cause such a wonderful subjective beauty. Christian Bible tells us: "There is a way in the past, the road and the god are the same, the road is God." The law of the existence and sports of the universe is the way of God, this is both an objective truth, but also the beauty of the US subjective experience It is because God is a unity of true and beauty. It is subjective and objective unity, because the Tao is God. True to bring it out, beautiful, love, love. The simplicity of God's way, encompassing us, so that we deeply believe that God will love his universe, the human being created, and we are also convinced that the Dragonse of God, but also as simple as his creation , The same inconstancy, Christian Bible tells us that the Division of God is the word "because of the letter". People's salvation is not to rely on behavior, but what is simple, what is the simple, what is incorporated! God loves the world, to save all the world, not such a way to the residence! Because behavior has a time-standard standard, this standard is non-eternal, non-per person, but the standard of confidence is individual, eternal, is people can. Looking at the Salvation of the Salvation, just like God's creation, it is simple and inconvenient. In the Treatment of the Creative Road, we have seen the unity of the United States. In the Salvation, we can see the unity of goodness and beauty. It can be seen that God's way is that the subjective and objective high-level unity of our pursuit is true and good, and it is a natural extension of scientific pursuit.
