1. Chinese medicine bone injury is one of the earliest countries in the world. Traditional Chinese Medicine is one of the important disciplines in the traditional medicine in the motherland. In my country has a long history of thousands of years, Chinese medicine treatment of bone damage, experienced medical practices, has formed a set of unique Chinese medical features Systems and treatment methods, there are many of the world's earliest invention creation, representing the world's advanced level. As early as the Oracle in the Yin Shang period in the first 16th century BC, it is about the description of the fracture. In the future, "Internal Classics" records the basic theory of human anatomy, physiology, pathology, diagnosis and treatment. The kidney main bone, liver, spleen, spleen, etc., and discourse, etc. The Theoretical Basis of TCM Positive Orthopedics. In 739 AD, Chen Tibet was written in "Picking the Red Abbreviated Waste):" The red abbot was buffer, can solder bone, and the six livestock, and the wine clothes, direct bones, six livestock , Taking sight, especially copper, can be proven. Thereafter, copper drugs are widely adopted in the osteogenic prescription, and become an essential drug in the bone tablets. This is more than 1,000 years old more than 1000 years in Belltro, which is more than 1000 years. The rich character is one of the most distinctive features of the Chinese medicine. In the 13th century, the dangerous forest created a suspension reset method for the treatment of spinal fractures, hanging reset than the British doctor Davis (Davis). The lumbar fracture method was at least 580 years later. Today's China, scientific development, social progress, use scientific imaging methods, laboratory advanced instrument equipment, plus traditional syndrome differentiation, more comprehensive and profound in understanding diseases. In the treatment, with rich techniques and traditional Chinese medicine treatment have achieved satisfactory results. In the case of science, China's bone injury will contribute to human health. China's bone injury will also be recognized and accepted by the world. . 2. Normal structure of bone: The bone is composed of three components of cells, fibers and matrices, and cellular mass has a large amount of calcium salt deposition, which has become a hard tissue, constitutes a bone system of the body. 3. Blood supply of bone: Blood supply from the elder bone from three aspects: 1 bone end, bone and dry stems of blood vessels; 2 into the backbone of nutrient artery (usually 1 ~ 2); 3 bone film blood vessels. 4. Bone biomechanics: Any activity of the human body will have a complex force for bone of the bone system. If the bone system suffers from severe trauma, it will cause severe deformation, and bone breaks may occur. 5. The role of calcium in bone metabolism: calcium is an indispensable substance of the human body, the calcium content in the body is about 1 kg, plasma and extracellular fluid is about 1 g, the rest are in the form of phosphate, carbonate and hydroxide. Existing in bone tissue. Milk and dairy products are the main source of calcium diet. 6. Fracture principle: From the viewpoint of biomechanics, the fracture is caused by uneven distribution of stress and function. When the bone system suffers from severe trauma, the bone will take a lot of stress. When the stress of a certain region of the bone exceeds the limit intensity of the bone material, it will fracture. Certain surgery or pathological bone defects cause normal bone geometrics change, which significantly affects the break resistance of the complete bone. 7. Biomechanical perspective of fracture treatment: All of the spads must comply with the principles of biology and mechanics, and basic biological principles include - 1 preserving bone blood supply; 2-dimensional bone physiological and mechanical environments. The blood supply to the normal plastic shape of the bone, preventing the bone damage is essential, and the bone is damaging the strength of the bone tissue. 8. Fracture healing: Fracture healing is the tissue repair reaction between the fracture internet, which is a healing process; the final ending is the normal structure and function of recovery bones.
9. Whether the fracture needs to be reset: the ultimate goal of treatment fractures is to make the affected limb function to maximize recovery, and unfair in appearance. Functional recovery depends on three aspects, namely, the healing of fractures, the recovery of joints and muscle normal motion, and no sequelae. There is a problem in any one side, affecting the extent of functional recovery. In addition to the conditions of the wound itself, the ideal of fracture reset is closely related to the above three aspects. It can be seen that the fracture is not only reset, but also the ideal reset should be achieved. However, it must be pointed out that not all fractures need to be reset. 10. Why is the fracture to fix: from the fracture to healing, it is a considerable process, how to make this process successfully completed? Fixed is one of the important measures. It can reach the following purposes. 1 Maintain a replenished position; 2 guaranteed the normal bone healing process; 3 for the early muscle joint activity; 4 except for the main purposes of the above, fixed can also be analgesic, relieve muscle spasm, and prevent fracture Causes relay injury. 11. Time for fracture healing: fracture of different conditions, even in the same part, the healing time can also have a big difference. Common fracture healing time fracture site healing time (week) fracture site healing time (week) point bone (ocular bone) 4 ~ 8 pelvic 6 ~ 10 toe bone (hut) 6 ~ 8 femoral neck 12 ~ 24 wrist boat> 10 femur coarse 6 ~ 10 Emmeter 8 ~ 12 stock bone 8 ~ 14 hunet distal 3 ~ 4 children 3 ~ 5 humerus condyle 3 ~ 4 tibia upper end 6 ~ 8 humeral 5 ~ 8 tibia dry 8 ~ 12 humerus Chinese medicine neck 4 ~ 6 bone 6 clavicle 5 ~ 7 spine 10 ~ 12
12. Factors affecting fracture healing: First, the whole body factor, this is an indirect secondary factor. Mainly old age, malnutrition, systemic failure, and certain diseases (such as adult disease, bad blood, syphilis, osteoporosis, etc.) can inhibit bone generation. The lack of vitamin C can inhibit collagen and bone formation. The lack of vitamin D can affect the calcification process of the new bone. Excessive vitamin A, the absorption of osteoblasts will be absorbed, so that the backbone is thinned, the corticular cortex is thin, and the brittle of the bone is increased. Second, local factors, the most fundamental factors affecting fracture healing are local blood supply. When the fracture causes bone outer membrane to enter the bone, the Harvard tube break, the broken end is poor, but not only affect the fracture end repair tissue growth And causing the broken end bone, directly affecting the healing process of the bone; the serious fracture of local injury, the surrounding soft tissue damage is also heavy, the surrounding tissue and fractures are more affected, and the degree of necrosis of the bone end is added, so that the fracture The healing process slows down; the tight contact and contact area of the fracture have a significant effect on the healing of fractures. If there is a soft tissue embedding, separation, defect, etc., the healing is difficult, and it is not healing; The location is incorrect and the intramedullary is too fine and the fixed is loose, the fixed time is too short, the premature activities and incorrect function exercise can cause the fracture end to rotate, angle and scissor stress, damage break repair tissue, It causes the fracture of the fracture of the fracture, and the fracture of the fracture, the formation of fracture and cartilage is caused by the formation of fracture-free tissue and cartilage; the infection is another factor affecting fracture healing; in addition, repeated multiple times The rude method is reset, unnecessary or rough cut reset, resulting in local blood damage, excessive peeling of bone membrane, and excessive rendering of extract of the fracture and causes bone defects, can affect the healing process of fractures .
13. Drugs affecting fractures: anti-inflammatory pain and salicylate, tetracycline, corticone, anticoagulant, cyclophosphamide
14. The reason for the non-latency connection: The various reasons described above can cause fracture and delayed connection, but in general, "human factors are greater than the role of osteoblast defects". 15. Clinical judgment of bone healing: With the progress of fracture healing, the swelling of the limbs disappear, the local edema dispersion, the fracture end activity is getting disappeared, the ability of the bone is reduced, the ability of limb autonomous exercise is increasing. 16. Clinical judgment of delay healing: partial edema has a long-lasting existence, and the tenderness does not disappear, even in a period of time. Due to the lack of blood, it can be seen on the X-ray on the X-ray film, and there is less than a long time, and the end of the fracture is more obvious. The gap is increased, and the edge is also blurred due to absorption. Fluff. 17. Clinical judgment of osteogenesis: Abnormal activity between fracture ends, the expression of X-ray sheets is bone-end hardening, medullary closure or bone restriction, and there is a large gap or bone hardening in the middle. Pretty false joints. No matter which form, the boundary between its bone end is clear, no bone beam passes. 18. Dysfunction caused by fracture deformity: the joint activity is limited, the body of the limbs is not coordinated, the balance disorder and the weakening of muscle effects.
Fracture site healing time (week) fracture site healing time (week) finger bone (ocular bone) 4 ~ 8 pelvis 6 ~ 10 toe bone (hut) 6 ~ 8 femoral neck 12 ~ 24 wrist boat> 10 femur coarse 3 ~ 10 square Intermediate 8 ~ 12 femoral bone 8 ~ 14 distal radius distal 3 ~ 4 children 3 ~ 5 humerus condyle 3 ~ 4 tibia upper end 6 ~ 8 humeral dry 5 ~ 8 tibia dry 8 ~ 12 humerus Chinese medicine cervical neck 4 ~ 6 bone bone 6 clavicle 5 ~ 7 spine 10 ~ 12
12. Factors affecting fracture healing: First, the whole body factor, this is an indirect secondary factor. Mainly old age, malnutrition, systemic failure, and certain diseases (such as adult disease, bad blood, syphilis, osteoporosis, etc.) can inhibit bone generation. The lack of vitamin C can inhibit collagen and bone formation. The lack of vitamin D can affect the calcification process of the new bone. Excessive vitamin A, the absorption of osteoblasts will be absorbed, so that the backbone is thinned, the corticular cortex is thin, and the brittle of the bone is increased. Second, local factors, the most fundamental factors affecting fracture healing are local blood supply. When the fracture causes bone outer membrane to enter the bone, the Harvard tube break, the broken end is poor, but not only affect the fracture end repair tissue growth And causing the broken end bone, directly affecting the healing process of the bone; the serious fracture of local injury, the surrounding soft tissue damage is also heavy, the surrounding tissue and fractures are more affected, and the degree of necrosis of the bone end is added, so that the fracture The healing process slows down; the tight contact and contact area of the fracture have a significant effect on the healing of fractures. If there is a soft tissue embedding, separation, defect, etc., the healing is difficult, and it is not healing; The location is incorrect and the intramedullary is too fine and the fixed is loose, the fixed time is too short, the premature activities and incorrect function exercise can cause the fracture end to rotate, angle and scissor stress, damage break repair tissue, It causes the fracture of the fracture of the fracture, and the fracture of the fracture, the formation of fracture and cartilage is caused by the formation of fracture-free tissue and cartilage; the infection is another factor affecting fracture healing; in addition, repeated multiple times The rude method is reset, unnecessary or rough cut reset, resulting in local blood damage, excessive peeling of bone membrane, and excessive rendering of extract of the fracture and causes bone defects, can affect the healing process of fractures .
13. Drugs affecting fractures: anti-inflammatory pain and salicylate, tetracycline group, corticone, anticoagulant, cyclophosphamide 14. Reasons for bone non-delay connection: Many reasons described above can be caused The fracture is not connected to the delay, but in general, "human factors are greater than the role of osteoblast defects". 15. Clinical judgment of bone healing: With the progress of fracture healing, the swelling of the limbs disappear, the local edema dispersion, the fracture end activity is getting disappeared, the ability of the bone is reduced, the ability of limb autonomous exercise is increasing. 16. Clinical judgment of delay healing: partial edema has a long-lasting existence, and the tenderness does not disappear, even in a period of time. Due to the lack of blood, it can be seen on the X-ray on the X-ray film, and there is less than a long time, and the end of the fracture is more obvious. The gap is increased, and the edge is also blurred due to absorption. Fluff.
17. Clinical judgment of osteogenesis: Abnormal activity between fracture ends, the expression of X-ray sheets is bone-end hardening, medullary closure or bone restriction, and there is a large gap or bone hardening in the middle. Pretty false joints. No matter which form, the boundary between its bone end is clear, no bone beam passes. 18. Dysfunction caused by fracture deformity: the joint activity is limited, the body of the limbs is not coordinated, the balance disorder and the weakening of muscle effects.
