About learning
I am a returned student, but I have never stopped the pursuit of knowledge. Whether in the school or in the current job, I am very clear about the importance of a person. And learning, efforts, is the only way to get knowledge.
Learn vs. Education
So, what is learning? Is it in class, listening, reading, and writing homework? not completely. "Go to school" knowledge of knowledge learning knowledge, and "go to school", in addition to "learning", more "education". "Learning" and "education" are not equivalent, even sometimes it is completely contrary. The army is a tool for the country to rule its territory, and education is a tool for the country to rule their citizen's thoughts. As a citizen of a country, we have an obligation to accept education. Therefore, a paper is unable to prove your knowledge level, can only prove how you accept education. Unfortunately, I am sorry for the country, I am sorry for the party, and I am sorry for my parents. I have failed to complete the task of education.
Learning "definition"
Back to the topic, what is learning. Just mentioned that learning is the only way to get knowledge. Of course, the knowledge here is broad knowledge, including both basic theories, inference, and practical work and practical experience. Further, learning is a thinking activity, the main content of this thinking activity is to process knowledge, including the following stages:
Collection of knowledge is also a narrow learning, memory and master existing theories (such as axiom, definition, theorem and presentation, etc.); the processing of knowledge is also part of the narrow learning, such as derived according to the existing theory, etc. Work, new theory; conversion to knowledge, it can also be a "processing of knowledge", more representative is the use of theory to guide practice, which is equivalent to collecting knowledge and processing The resulting knowledge is transformed into practice techniques and experience of experience; the above three phases are not advanced, but an iteration process.
(Note: The above-mentioned "definition" is just that I personally understand the understanding of learning, and there is no in-depth thinking about "what is knowledge", so please don't use this so-called definition as reasoning in any discussion article. in accordance with.)
It can be seen that in the process of education, we only completed the collection of knowledge, and of course, it also includes the knowledge of "How to Processing Knowledge" and "How to Translate Knowledge". Therefore, it can be said that the learning of the above pathway is a one-sided - this is also one of the limitations of our education. At the same time, this study is often (most) is passive. The three stages of the above learning are different for active requirements. The process of collecting knowledge often requires guidance, students (people who learn) can be accepted by passive or active, this phase does not have special requirements for initiative. The process of processing knowledge requires some guidance, but its effect is more dependent on the initiative of the learner (that is, what is the "real"), this stage requires learners to have strong initiative, and it is therefore The effect of learning varies from person to person (of course, intelligence factors is also an important reason). Finally, the transformation process of knowledge is completely autonomous process, and learners fully actively convert the knowledge that has been mastered into another form (usually practical), although this phase also needs to be guided, but this guidance is just collective "How to translate knowledge", if there is no higher initiative, it is impossible to complete this phase of learning tasks.
The association of these three phases of learning is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Three stages of learning
The fourth provisions described above indicates that the three phases of learning are not completed in the time order, that is, first collect knowledge, process knowledge, and finally transform knowledge; but an iterative process, such as processing knowledge, simultaneously collecting new Knowledge, and the transformation knowledge is actually just a special case of processing knowledge. However, individuals in the three-dimensional space are unable to break through the time limit, and learning must have a time step by time. So how should we learn? Or should we learn activities in a kind of order? How to learn
First we come to a division of knowledge, please see Figure 2.
Figure 2 Division of knowledge points
First, all knowledge is composed of several knowledge points (Note: "knowledge points" here are different from "knowledge points" to be grasped by school, they are only the minimum unit of knowledge.)
The bottom is purely basic knowledge, learners can master anything else (processing), often get what you get when you collect knowledge. This part is not much, and the system is extremely strong. The intermediate layer is mainly composed of processed knowledge, this part of the knowledge point is quite, and there is an intricate relationship between the relationship, but the chapter can follow - this "chapter" is actually a knowledge, but more intensive, these knowledge points Distributed in all three levels. Finally, the top level in knowledge hierarchical is the knowledge of practice, that is, solving the problem, this level of knowledge points, almost any subtle or significant problem solving contains one or a group of knowledge points, and these The knowledge point is almost "no chance to follow", that is, each problem has its special solution. (Of course, there may be the same solution for a class of issues, so that these knowledge will be divided into the middle level.)
Of course, this hierarchy is actually a dynamic level. When a problem is found, the result is located at the top; when a class of problem is found, this knowledge will drop to the intermediate level; And when I finally found a root principle of a class of theory, it became the bottom level.
Obviously, learning these knowledge is an iterative process, but there should be a major order in general. There is no two kinds of order: from bottom to bottom.
Since the top-down process, that is, to solve a problem as the starting point, collect the knowledge required until the most basic knowledge is collected. This is a spontaneous learning process, which is also the most principled method of knowledge. For example, in the stone age (or even more long), people have produced numbers and most basic, digital-based operations in order to solve the counting of food.
Since the process, the process is a reason to learn. After mastering the underlying knowledge, in order to solve the problem that is currently not found in the future, people have derived, processing, forming new theories, afterwards. Improve existing practices to form new practices. The most representative character here is Einstein. Einstein is a purely knowledge processor. The work in his life is to continue to study and derive the existing theory, form new theory, and finally discover relativistic and famous E = MC2. Then, according to this equation and the existing theory, ΔE = ΔMC2 is obtained, indicating that the tiny quality change will produce huge energy when the atomic nuclear changes. There is an atomic bomb used in war and nuclear power generation technologies for peaceful development.
However, how do you learn for ordinary modern people? The answer is desirable - combined with two processes, iterates. First, we should strive to master the underlying knowledge, and of course, it also includes learning "how to process knowledge". At the same time, we should work hard to solve existing problems and discover the commonality between problems, and have a targeted manner for existing knowledge, form new knowledge. Modern (China) education has existed the drawbacks
Unfortunately, modern (China) education is not aware of the importance of "iteration" for the learning process, using a completely downward process. Students passively accept a variety of basic knowledge in schools, from primary schools to the university, nothing more than accepting basic knowledge; and so-called "experimental classes" and "practical links" are not unresolved Some practice knowledge is infused. Once the students become staff (or workers), all the practical problems have turned to the shoulders, and the knowledge mastered is simply in the first time, so the students often need a quite long when they just take the job. In the adaptation, this adension is actually used to complete the deconstruction of the top-down learning and the bottom-up learning route.
what should we do?
I am very sorry, I didn't think of a good way to present ... Since birth in this society, the first thing to do is to accept it, and then it will change it. Therefore, for students, first, first, according to the class, the "basics" knowledge should be first grasped, and then the actual problem is discovered by consciousness and solve it in this process, it is summarized in this process. For friends who have already taken work, I can only strive to hold the pressure in the industry, and strengthen the mastery of the basic knowledge in my spare time, and strive for flexibility to work.
Finally, again declare that I have never learned the so-called "artificial intelligence", which is not interested in it, any knowledge I mentioned is in the process of learning (how do I know about how I know The problem of learning should appear in the artificial intelligence area? This is because I still stand the pressure, I have a few lessons), if I have similar, I am honored. At the same time, my so-called "discussion" is just a pile of pixels on the screen, I can't afford any reference value, and the Bowen Jun smiled.
