ERP first step (2): ERP concept and journey
(BY AMT ERP Research Group)
ERP - Eternalprise Resource Planning Enterprise Resource Planning System refers to the management platform for the establishment of systematic management ideas based on information technology, providing business decision-making methods and employees. ERP system centralized information technology and advanced management thinking, becoming the operating model of modern enterprises, reflecting the reasonable deployment of resources to enterprises, maximizing the requirements of social wealth, and has become the cornerstone of enterprises in the information age.
Further, we can give its definition from three levels of management ideas, software products, and management systems:
1. It is a complete set of enterprise management system standards based on the famous computer technology consultation and assessment group Garter Group Inc., which is a further development of MRP II (Manufacturing Resources Planning, "Manufacturing Resources Program"). Supply Chain's Management Thoughts;
2. It is integrated application of client / server system, relational database structure, object-oriented technology, graphical user interface, fourth generation language (4GL), network communication and other information industry achievements, with ERP management ideas for the soul software products;
3. It is an enterprise resource management system integrating corporate management philosophy, business processes, basic data, human materials, computer hardware and software.
Specifically, the relationship between ERP and the enterprise resource, the role of ERP and the relationship with the development of information technology, etc. may be expressed as follows:
Enterprise resources and ERP
Plants, production lines, processing equipment, testing equipment, transportation tools, etc. are all kinds of hardware resources, manpower, management, reputation, financing capabilities, organizational structure, and employee's labor enthusiasm. In the development of enterprises, these resources interact, forming a company for production activities, complete customer orders, creating social wealth, realizing corporate value, reflecting the status of enterprises in developing.
The management object of the ERP system is the above various resources and production factors. Through the use of ERP, enabling the company's production process to complete customer orders, maximize the role of these resources, and produced according to customer orders and production Status makes decisions for adjusting resources.
2. Adjust the use of corporate resources
The important sign of enterprise development is reasonable to adjust and use the above resources. When there is no modern management tool without ERP, the corporate resource status and adjustment direction are unclear. To make adjustment arrangements are quite difficult, the adjustment process will be quite long, enterprise The organizational structure can only be a pyramidal shape, and the collaboration between the department is relatively weak, and the operation of resources is difficult to compare and make adjustments. The development of information technology, especially the ERP system designed for corporate resources, which is designed for these issues, and the result of successful implementation must make companies use resources.
3. Information technology development process of resource management role
The development of computer technology, especially database technology, establishes management information systems, and even acts as an unatrisable role in changing management, and the development of management ideas and the development of information technology are loops that are caused. Practice has proven that information technology has played an increasingly important role in the management level of the company.
The initial management of information technology is also very simple, mainly to record some data, easy to query and summarize, and now develop to establish cross-state, cross-enterprises, cross-enterprises, on the global Internet, The following stage:
A. The information management system of the MIS system phase is mainly to record a large number of raw data, support inquiries, summary.
B. The information management system of the MRP phase (MATERIAL REQIRE Planning) is managed on the product composition, and the management capabilities of the computer operates and the management capabilities of the client, the management capabilities constitute the product, the product is implemented, according to the product structure list. Expand and calculate the material demand plan. Realize the management goals of reducing inventory, optimization inventory. C. MANUFACTURE RESOURCE Planning Based on the MRP management system, the system adds the management of enterprise production centers, processing workers, production capacity, etc. to realize the function of computer production, and will also finance Function contains a closed-loop management system that has been used in a computer-as a core-based closed-loop management system.
D. ENTERPRISE Resource Planning After entering the ERP phase, the computer-based enterprise management system is more mature, and the system adds functions including financial forecasting, production capacity, adjusting resource scheduling. Compatible with Enterprise Realization of JIT Management Comprehensive, Quality Management and Production Resource Scheduling Management and Auxiliary Decisions. Become a platform tool for enterprises for production management and decision-making.
E. The maturity of ERP Internet technology in e-commerce era has increasing the ability of enterprise information management systems to achieve information sharing and direct data exchange between customers or suppliers, thus strengthening the link between enterprises, forming a joint development chain, reflecting enterprises In order to achieve the ideal of the supply chain tube that lives. The ERP system implements this function accordingly, enabling decision makers and business units to achieve cross-enterprise joint operations.
It can be seen that the application of ERP can indeed effectively promote the modernization, scientific and intensive market requirements of existing enterprise management, and it has become a general trend.
