Market space and operability of value-added translation
Gao Wei (W- Gao@263.net)
------------------ Person:
After the "Value-added Translation Series" is open to the Internet, all netizens or questioned or criticized, Houjie teacher's opinion is the most eye-catching, cutting:
For the "value-added translation" of DRCMM, I said that I have no space, there is no market, not operability (between paying and acquisition, is willing to do so big value-added people don't know). Of course, this is just a view of Houjie, more importantly, the authorization of the original author, the trust of the publishing house, and the reader's acceptance.
Netizen Gigix also put forward similar views that especially emphasized the value-added translation from "cost".
The hand of the gentleman, if it is, if you think, if you work. In the views, the sons are guilty, and this is especially gratifying. A person's view is inevitably, and others' suggestions can be supplemented, and if they are difficult to enlighten. There is a particularly good word in English, "Thought-provoking", which is just right here.
Before formal elaboration, I hope to make a self-criticism on the discussion.
Netizen Wangf501 said in the reply, "You criticize Gigix's criticism I think some cases, if other people accuse it, they will be avoided, they are unwinding."
I was deeply influenced by Wang Xiaobo. Due to Wang Xiaobo, I learned that China's best text in translation works. Due to Wang Xiaobo, I started to contact Fu Lei, Wang Daoqi, Zhiangliang and other sides. Of course, I appreciate the attitude of Mr. Wang Xiaobo. I was unhealthy for the criticism of Wangf501 netizens. According to Mr. Wang Xiaobo, someone else can't be based on my subjective awareness, but must be based on the psychological feelings of others. So, although I think it is the normal communication with GIGIX users, I apologize if I objectively causes everyone to "biatrically", I apologize.
In addition, I have to admit that I started at the issue of value-added translation, I have a deliberate new tendency, and I deliberately pursue the selfishness of "self-contained". This is probably the source of "sneak" pointed by netizens Wangf501. In fact, the debate on the noun, everyone is hoping to improve the creation and translation status of domestic technical books.
------------------
1 summary
Realistic difficulties in value-added translation: (1) The reader does not trust. (2) The original author is not willing. (3) The current publishing system determines that the translator's payment does not have the corresponding return.
This paper analyzes the above three aspects, and some solutions have been put forward, pointing out the limitations of these measures.
This article also gives an example of a publishing proposal for value-added translation.
------------------
2 reader
To solve the reader's trust issue, you need to start from four aspects: the translator's credit, readers 'choice rights, readers' right, opinion leaders. 2.1 Translator's credit
I have answered in the article "Answer is difficult":
Translation of Value-added Translation "The 'Yield" of excellent translator', enabling excellent translators such as Mr. Hou, Mr. Pan, Mr. Yu, etc., can be liberated from the cumbersome Routine class. "Because Mr. Hou, Mr. Pan, Mr. Yu Excellent translators, if they perform value-added translation, the readers are relieved to their technical strength, and the publisher may also exceed them. And the general translator, the reader does not understand its technical strength, and the publishing house will never exceed them.
I am in the "Value Translation Series" (02) ", write:
People are easily abuse "freedom" animals, but if they do not trust someone's self-determination, let him exercise their own right to choose, he will never mature. The translation work is also the same. If everyone does not trust the translator, the translator always does not believe that his judgment is not worth trustworthy. This is a malignant cycle. Why do you give your own life to a bus driver, a taxi driver, not trusting the translator?
2.2 Reader's option
The initial solution I envision is that the translation of traditional translation (hereinafter referred to as "正 本") and the translation of the value-added translation (hereinafter referred to as "translated") may be published simultaneously.
This program will be discussed in detail, especially economic cost accounting, especially economic cost.
2.3 Reader's right to know
I think it should make full use of the advantages and strength of the network, the translator is fully communicated, communicated, interacting, and feedback, and the original value-added processing is "open, transparent". In addition, in the preface or post of the book, the reason for the translator change is described. Also, the striking position of the book cover indicates the word "translator".
In this way, the reader can make decisions according to their own judgment when purchasing books.
For details, refer to Part 5 of this article - specific cases.
2.4 opinion leader
According to LiPman's view in "public opinion", most consumers are guided by public opinion during consumption decisions, and for books such as books, opinions leaders The role is particularly large.
When the translator is performing value-added translation, the translator should be fully communicated with the views of the opinion of the field and listen to their opinions.
The opinions leaders include, but are not limited to: (1) the version of the technical forum of the related topics, more posted, actively participating in users; (2) Other translator; (3) Book review author; (4) Experts in this field, Scholars, professors, etc.
Just as Houjie teacher pointed out, "design model" This type of book may not be large, but due to the influence of opinion leaders, the praise of praises is particularly large, and the brand and image of the publishing house are enhanced, which is conducive to the publishing house. Sales of other series of books.
If the transcript is recognized and recognized by the leader, a good public opinion is formed on the network and related professional publications, which can make readers can rest assured.
------------------
3 author
The attitude of the original author is critical. Because, "Yes" is a human condition, and the original author will understand its work as "ban".
I have written in private communication with netizen Kingofark: Many literary works have been adapted into film and television works, the original author and the screenwriter, the director often has contradictions on this issue. Although the original authors are authoritative for a certain topic (such as novel) or a particular cultural background (such as English), the subject is in other genre (such as script), the director and screenwriter is an authority, and the original The author knows the target audience; the subject is the subject is an expert in another cultural background (such as Chinese culture circle) and a specific book market (such as Chinese readers' preferences, the current trend of the mainland book market), the translator is an expert. Of course, the translator should also refer to the original author's opinion.
3.1 Select the original author of the willingness to cooperate
There is no need to talk more.
3.2 Respect the original author, fully communicate
I think people are reasonable. The translator will never have no reasonable changes, there is always a reasonable reason. As long as you respect the original author, ask the original author's opinion on the translation, fully communicate, there should be a win-win ending.
The specific case of the fifth part of this paper gives an exemplary of Email.
----------------------
4 publishing system
This section discusses interest allocation, incentive mechanisms, risk precautions, etc. of the translator.
The pressure of market competition is to promote the most important factors in the changes in the publication system. Teacher Guo Li, a computer book department, is particularly mentioned in an article. The proportion of computer books that have just been published for several months is increasing, and the pressure on the publishing house is getting bigger and bigger. "Change Tong", the success of CITIC Publishing House is obvious. I believe that as long as "value-added translation" has a successful case, domestic publishing houses do not need to be taught in the style of the style.
4.1 Economic issues should be solved by economic means
In the "Future Publishing Home - Publishing House Management" (Business Press, the author refers to an translator in the German publishing world to participate in sales results:
The total rewards agreed by both parties ×× Mark per standard page. The translator has received 60% of the total festival after the date of delivery. One-third of this amount (ie 20% of total) will not be calculated to the translator's secondary (ie, 40% of total) in the future, the translator should be Ruing of royalties. The royalty-based sales are conducted in the translation: some of the sales of sales within 10,000; some of the sales of more than 10001 volumes is 5%.
This approach, the remaining 40% of the rewards is the risk investment of the translator. If the book is out of stock, the translator will not obtain 100% of the rewards specified in the traditional contract model. If the book is selling well, the translator can get a royal payment for a long time. According to this contract, in principle, the above has achieved the same status as the original author.
This model is the benefit of publishing agencies in that the publishing house is only 60% of the author's total tradition, reducing the cash pressure of the publishing house, and reduces the risk of the publishing house.
The author believes that the maturity of the developed countries in the publishing industry will inevitably be adopted by domestic publishing houses.
4.2 Positive translation and translatics
We know that the photocopy version and the Chinese version of the book can be available at the same time, then the publisher must have a mature business practice to compare the cost of the photocopy and the Chinese version.
I think that is a cost-effective way to translate and translate this, it should be similar to the cost of the photocopy and the Chinese version. The author is insufficient in this area, and the familiar friends can advise. Moreover, based on the viewpoint of value-added translation, the proportion of the transduted book relative to the correct translation is about 20%. The translator can avoid duplication of labor, just need to be relatively adjusted in the confession and rewarding billing mode.
---------------------
5 case study
Netizen Kingofark suggests that I must be cautious when I am exempted because netizens may have a considerable degree of unrecognizable examples, then they are psychologically attitude towards the entire article, it is probably "not agree" (this inde It is unavoidable to avoid the psychological effects, people have it, can adjust this psychiatrist, it is highly rational). "
Therefore, I need to declare that the value-added translation is still in the experimental exploration stage. The author may not reasonably, I hope that all friends will participate in the discussion in rationality and constructive attitude. ".
5.1 "Works"
"Code taste" can be used as a sign that it should be reconstructed. The author also draws the cat and puts forward "taste" as a judgment mark that should be translated. Of course, these "taste" is just Frame of Reference, whether it should be translated, and it depends on Chamon Sense (common sense), Professional Judgement, Technical Insight (Technical Insight), Marketing Sensibility ( Market Sensitivity) and EntrePreneurShip (Entrepreneurial). From essentially, the value-added translation belongs to the ingredients of Craft, ART than science. Moreover, I think the translator's Entreneurship (entrepreneurial spirit) is very important, especially the current business society. For example, although many netizens have been quite vocal about the self-propaganda of Houjie, Houjie's most worthy of mainland is to learn about the spirit of entrepreneurs.
Below, I give "taste" in the form of Checklist in the CMMI (integrated ability maturity model). Specifically, how to make a value-added translation, see the Decision Analysis and resolution of the CMMI (Integrated Capability Maturity Model), the relevant content of the Decision Analysis and Resolution process. For example, the answer to each question is allocated, and the experience data is collected and established.
Whether the original work is suitable for the value-added translation checklist (1) Original publication year? Since the original publication, is there a large development in this field? Note: The total annual distance of the publication is now, the works in general 3-5 years should consider value-added translations to absorb some research results reflected in this period, but it is not necessarily the latest research. For example, "××" publishing year is relatively long (from now on more than 5 years), and this area is unlike a C language, it has developed quite mature, perfect, and in this regard, "××" should value-added translation. (2) What is the writing of the original author? Is there any feature of text expression? Description: Some scholars can do culture, whether natural science is still a deep attainment, such as Cartesi, Da Vinci and Russell. But this kind of person is a phoenix river, and there are fewer and fewer authors' specialties are only in terms of technology rather than text.
(3) Does the chapter related to the current technical hotspots and book market trends? Explanation: For example, the part of the refactoring and design pattern relationship is discussed in "Reconstruction", relatively weak. From the research results in this field, it should also be enrich the chapter after absorbing the original publication.
(4) Whether the original narrative logic consistently clear? Is the layout of the layout reasonable? Explanation: For example, the description of the specific implementation mechanisms of each reconfiguration method in "Reconstruction" is very unclear.
(5) Does the example in the original work involve more backgrounds in foreign society? Or too intensible? Explanation: For example, the word "reconstructed" in the example of "Reconstruction" has used a meaning of "cooked words" for Chinese readers, ie "unpaid payment". It can be appropriately changed. Of course, it is necessary to pay attention to the compilation and test, it is best to disclose all the test code of all modified examples. General open source software, such as Test Suites in the GCC source code, after downloading, this approach can learn. In exchange, such as the example in INSIDE C Object Model, what kind of raccoon, Panda is a word that is generally unfamiliar with Chinese readers, as well as three-dimensional points, many book reviews of foreign countries. Objective. For example, in "programing pearls", an example of emphasizing the estimated ability is the flow rate of the Mississippi River, the precipitation of the Mississippi basin, and if they replace the topic of the atmospheric weight in a certain Chinese college entrance examination (atmospheric pressure multiplied by Earth surface area) This example believes that China's science students should have done, they are familiar.
(6) Does the reader have some personal worship?
(7) Do you have original electronic version of the online version? Explanation: Although this is illegal infringement, if there is an electronic version of the circulation, the reader needs to exchange foreign counterparts to directly check the original, and the dependence of Chinese translation is not large. Therefore, the most important target reader group is being translated: Serious readers, the possibility of buying is not large, they are likely to purchase the photocopy.
This list is of course incomplete, welcome friends to give me a letter, pointing out more "taste of work". If you have a view of this list, you also welcome to inform the author.
5.2 reader know
According to the above inspection list, we have decided to translate "Reconstruction" value-added translation, considering the "Reconstruction" book, and the determination is smaller, from the general situation 20% adjusted to 15%. The general book is divided into units in the "Reconstruction" unit in paragraph.
The reason why it is going to change online, which will be changed, and examples of specific modifications. The general principle is that the reader can feedback as soon as possible, and the quality of the change is assured.
For example, the change of "Reconstruction" can open a number of typical examples on the Internet, so that the reader knows why the change, what is the change, the degree of change, whether the change is reasonable, and the reader guarantees enough to know enough to know when purchasing books: ---------------------------- Example 1: The original book Chapter 10 Rename Method MeChanic section · Check to see WHETHER THE Method Signature IS implemented by a superclass or subclass.If it is, perform these steps for each implementation. · Declare a new method with the new name. Copy the old body of code over to the newname and make any alterations to fit. · Compile. · Change the body of the old method so that it calls the new one rarr;.? If you only have a few references, you can reasonably skip this step · Compile and test · Find all references to the old method name and change them to.. . refer to the new one.Compile and test after each change · Remove the old method rarr;.? If the old method is part of the interface and you can not remove it, leave it in place and mark it as deprecated · Compile and. Test.
Analysis: (1) Layout layout is unreasonable: the printed method of the original book is easy to make readers to consider the various steps of the specific implementation of Rename Method in order. (2) Expression Unclear When Rename Method can directly change the name of the method, when is it necessary to create another way? When did I use a proxy practice, when is the original method being changed directly at the call? These problems, although the authors have answered, but the expression is not clear enough.
Value-added translation:
Using the Rename Method Reconstruction Method, in general, the original method is directly changed, but the following special circumstances require additional processing:
1. The original method or is implemented by the same name method in the superclass of the class, or implemented by the same name method in the subclass of the class: "The same name method" referred to herein means the same Signature. The method of signature, including the method name, the parameter list of the method, the return type of method. If the original method is directly inherited by the same name method in the superclass, or the original method is an abstract method, and the same name method in the quilt class is covered. The following steps are performed on the implementation method of the original method: 1.1 New ways to reveal the intent of the method. 1.2 Copy the realization code of the original method to the new method, and makes it necessary to adjust it. 1.3 compiled. 1.4 Replace the original method based on the number of other code references in the program, respectively: 1.4.1 The original method is replaced by the new method only in these references only in these references (1). (2) Each replacement, compile, test once. (3) If the original method is part of the interface, it cannot be removed, then keep it, mark it as a deprecated. Note: According to the principle of Design by Contract, the interface as an agreement between the program and the customer should be kept unchanged. 1.4.2 The original method is resected (1) Change the code of the original method body, making it a new method, that is, the original method becomes a new method. (2) Compile, test. 5.3 Communication with the author
The author gave a virtual Email.
Author, hello!
I am a translator of your masterpiece. Your work .......... (Praise author). This area ......... (narrative development, complimentation, "You recently published the papers on" Software Development "or" IEEE ", undoubtedly developed your view in" Work name "") Chinese readers Very eager to understand ............, ...........
Rift! Translator
The author did not truly tried, but as long as he was treated, and his words, he had a "win-win" ending.
5.4 publication
If the publisher is unwilling to take risks, the translator should have entrepreneurship (entrepreneurship). The author is unfamiliar with the field of publication, and the data obtained from a friend is as follows:
Introducing copyright costs, even a best-selling book is generally no more than $ 3,000.
Cooperation with the Publishing House, cost is 1-1.5 million.
Printing costs, about 20% of the book pricing.
The author's preliminary conclusion is that the risk is not big, and the savings of the person working properly can be a book. Of course, if you have a friend who is familiar with the publishing field, you are very grateful!
-----------------
Conclusion: The above is all sitting, and it is not enough. The future ideas of the author is: (1) Continue to introduce and think of value-added translation. (2) Communicate with the view leaders, reach a consensus in the circle. (3) Contact specific method of translation of value-added translation. (4) Do a good job in the traditional translation of a number of books, accumulating experience. (5) The risk of tens of thousands of money is worth a try. Welcome friends with me! Special welcomes you can do a way to translate a trial of value-added translation, talk about your experience and feel it. Gao Wei (W- Gao@263.net)
