Enhance UNIXLinux website features with PHP

zhaozj2021-02-08 417

If you are a network development and maintenance person, it should be quite familiar with the ASP. Since Microsoft launches ASP technology, due to its

In establishing a powerful function of a dynamic website, soon it has been widely used. But because of well known reasons, ASP can only be used for

Microsoft's own operating system and server system. Unix-based network system still occupies most;

The system is very popular because of its free and open source code, its market share has risen rapidly, and it has been said to be around 17%;

The Apache server is always the mainstream server software of the network site. The emergence and gradual improvement of PHP is based on

Network developers of UNIX / Linux system are undoubtedly good news: we can only envy ASP

Easy to use, regretted Perl / C complex!

PHP Features Overview

PHP is all called Personal Home Page, starting from 1995, and becomes a mature soft in 1998.

Piece product. The latest version is 4.0, and the common version is 3.0. PHP is written in C language, can be operated

Unix / Linux and Win9X / NT.

PHP is a cross-platform server-side embedded scripting technology. PHP page is a text file,

Is embedded in a PHP scripting statement in a normal HTML page file, interpreted and translated by the server into ordinary HTML text

Parts, then transfer to the client browser, which is the same as ASP.

PHP has borrowed the syntax of C, Java, and Perl language, and joined various PHPs.

The characteristics make the web developer to write a fast dynamic page.

The PHP script segment begins with "". "" Scripts

The statement is replaced with a normal HTML script after the server software calls the PHP script interpretation engine. The author believes that PHP is the most powerful and most representative characteristic lies in its database layer, which has a lot of built-in

The database is supported without special expansion, making it very simple to write a database-based web page. Currently supported database

There are Oracle, Adabas D, Sybase, FilePro, MSQL, Velocis, MySQL, Informix, Solid, DBASE,

ODBC, UNIX, DBM, PostgreSQL, MS SQL Server, etc. There are a set of functions for each database for database access and operation.

For example, if there is DBASE_create, dbase_open, dbase_close, dbase_pack, dbase_add_record,

DBASE_DELETE_RECORD, DBASE_GET_RECORD, DBASE_NUMFIELDS, DBASE_NUMRECORDS, etc.

Mysql_close, mysql_connect, mysql_create_db, mysql_data_seek, mysql_dbname, mysql_db_query

Waques.

At the same time, PHP also provides a set of image functions, which can dynamically generate image data streams in GIF format and output to

Client.

In addition, PHP also offers Socket, Email, PDF file, HIS (Hyperwave Information

Server, IMAP, LIGHTWEIGHT DIRECTORY ACCESS protocol, file upload, NIS and other functions.

Two built PHP application platform

PHP can run in a UNIX / Linux Apache server system or Win9X PWS server system or Winnt IIS server system.

Below PWIN98 PWS4.0 as an example, a PHP learning and development environment is built.

(1) Download php3 for Win9X / NT

To http://www.php.net, select Downloads, then select Download The PHP Source Code and Windows

Distribution, select a download site, then select 3.0.11 Win32 Binary. If you feel trouble, just

Use http://www.php.net/distributions/php-3.0.11-win32.zip. Download file name is PHP-3.0.11-win32.zip,

The size is 1.68m.

(2) Installing PHP3 for Win9X / NT

Installing PHP3 for Win9x / NT is simple, just decompress php-3.0.11-win32.zip into a directory. Below

In the discussion, it is assumed that the PHP3 is installed in the C: / Program files / php3 directory.

(3) Configuring php3 for Win9X / NT

Configuring php3 for Win9x / NT, that is to modify system settings, so that PWS4.0 can use the php3 script interpretation engine to explain the PHP page.

1. Copy the file php3-dist.ini in the C: / Program Files / PHP3 directory to the Windows98 installation directory (such as C: / PWIN98) and renamed it is php3.ini.

2, edit the php3.ini file

Edit the php3.ini file, change the "EXTENSION_DIR" item under "Paths and Directories" to "extension_dir

= C: / Program Files / PHP3 "; change the" browscap "item under" browscap "to" browscap = c: /pwin98/systeminetsrv/browscap.ini "(files in the PWS4.0 installation directory); in the registry HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE / SystemCurrentControlSet / Services / W3SVC / Parameters / ScriptMap's primary key, add a string value, its name

".Php3" (PHP3 file extension), its value is "c: / program files / php3 / php.exe% s% s".

Thus, after restarting the PWS server software, PWS4.0 can explain the PHP page with the PHP3 script interpretation engine.

Three PHP script syntax

In the PHP3 file, the PHP script segment begins with "" Is ended, with "".

Is a PHP block.

PHP grammar and C, Perl syntax is similar, mainly from C language, such as controlling flow statements and C almost exactly the same, variables

The operator is similar to C, the function definition, and the call to C is similar.

The PHP variable name must have a $$, such as $ VAR1, $ VAR2. PHP variable scope regulations are similar to C, that is, the default consider

The variable in the number is global variable, and the variables in the function are part variables.

In PHP, the ECHO and PRINTF functions are used to output HTML content to the HTML page, where echo outputs unformatted strings, PrintF

Formulated string. Such as echo ("
A PHP page

) and Printf ("% s,% d ", str1, int1).

If you are familiar with C language syntax, you should not be too difficult to learn a PHP script syntax.

Founded its own simple PHP page

The so-called PHP page is inserted into some special scripting languages in a normal HTML page file and defensing PHP.

Subsequent page files, so you can easily create a simple PHP page.

Below is a simple PHP page file (TEST01.php3), it should not be difficult to understand.

A simple PHP3 page </ title> </ hEAD> <body> <h1> <? echo ("PHP script interpretation engine has started working for you! <HR>");?> <h1> The following should appear, the font size is from 4 to 7 </ h1> <? for ($ I = 4; $ I <= 7; $ i ) {?> > The font size of this line of statements is <? Printf ("% D", $ i);}?> </ body> </ html> Where, statement <? Printf ("% D", $ i);?> Is output to the value of the variable i to the HTML file. As can be seen, you can make a normal HTML page file first, then insert the PHP scripting language in the need. The key is to skilled application php scripting statements. Although this page is simple, it can help familiarize and understand PHP syntax. You can view the running effect by browser, and then view the source The function of the code looks at the source code, you can see the HTML file after the PHP page is explained. Note that the PHP page must be accessed in HTTP. You cannot double-click the file name as a file manner as an HTML page file. If the access method on the author's computer is http://wangfajun/test01.php3, because the PHP page requires PWS and other server software to explain. Four access to user request information To make a dynamic site page, getting user request information is essential. PHP pages can take advantage of this information as some applications (If commercial order information) is based on the application requirements of the applicant. In the ASP page, its built-in object Request can be utilized to obtain the accessor's application information. And in the PHP page, you can read The array is obtained to obtain the accesser's application information such as form field, query information, and the like. Request page The request information sent by the POST method can be obtained by $ http_post_vars ["itemname"], please send it in a GET method Information can be obtained by $ http_get_vars ["itemname"], cookies information can be $ http_cookie_vars [ "ItemName"] is obtained. The general form information is sent in a POST method, which can be $ http_post_vars ["itemname"] Way acquisition; query information is sent in a GET method, which can be obtained by $ http_get_vars ["itemname"]. (1) Request another PHP3 page processing by an HTML or PHP3 page In the following example, the Reader Membership Registration Application page requires the applicant to fill in the full name, ID number, Email address. The registration is notified after receiving the reader application. Before doing a Reader Membership Registration Application page, you can be an HTML page or a PHP page. This should not be a problem. <! - apply.htm -> <html> <HEAD> <Title> Reader Member Qualification Registration Application </ Title> </ hEAD> <body> <H2> Reader Member Qualification Registration Application </ h2> <form method = "post" action = "test02.php3"> Name full name: <input name = "fullname" size = "20" value = "Name"> ID number: <input name = "universalid" size = "15" value = "888888888888888"> Email: <input name = "email" value = "mailbox@yourcompany.com"> <input type = submit value = "Submit Application"> <input type = reset value = "Re-filled"> </ form> </ body> </ html> In the application page, all application data is filled in the FORM element and specifies the processing in the action of the form. The application page is TEST02.PHP3. When an application is received, the data of the corresponding item can be from $ http_post_vars ["project name"] Come, where "project name" is the name of the Form element, such as "full name", "fullname", such as "ID number" Should be "universalid". Now use this information to make a registered notification page TEST02.PHP3. <! - TEST02.PHP3 -> <html> <HEAD> <title> Reader member qualification registration application successfully </ Title> </ hEAD> <body> <h2> Reader member qualification registration application successfully </ h2> Dear <? Printf ("% s", $ http_post_vars ["fullname"])?> Reader: We have received your application and accept your application. You have become our official reader member. Your reader number is CN <? Printf ("% s", $ http_post_vars ["universalid"])?>. We will pass your email <? Printf ("% s", $ http_post_vars ["email"])?> Formally inform you. Since then, our department holds a reader's salon activity. And location will also inform you through the mailbox. </ body> </ html> Now open the application page Apply.htm with the browser, submit the application after filling the corresponding data, check the feedback effect, then use the browser View the function of the source code Look at the source code, you can see the HTML files explained to the PHP page. (2) request the same php3 page processing by a PHP3 page In another example of the following, login.php3 provides a user login page that requires the user to enter the login account and password. Then send the table to yourself by forming the form attribute. In login.php3, will be based on account and password Is it empty to judge whether it is an input page or a feedback page, and gives a different prompt, if the account number or password is not entered prompts "users Login, please enter the user account and password, otherwise the user account and password are displayed. <! - login.php3 -> <html> <HEAD> <Title> User Login </ Title> </ hEAD> <body> <? file: // account or password is empty, prompt the user to log in to enter the user account and password IF (Empty ($ http_post_vars ["customerid"]) || EMPTY ($ http_post_vars ["password"]))) { ?> <h2> User login, please enter the user account and password </ h2> <hr> <form method = "pos" action = "login.php3"> User account: <input name = "CustomerID" value = ">"> User Password: <Input Name = "Password" Value = ">> <input type = Submit value = "Start Login"> <input type = reset value = "Registration"> </ form> <? } Else File: // Enter the user account and password, display the user account and password { Printf (" <h2> User% S is successful, the password is% s. </ h2> ", $ http_post_vars ["Customerid"], $ Http_post_vars ["password"]); } ?> </ body> </ html> (3) Get the query parameter information in the PHP3 page When the user issues query requests in XXXX.PHP3? ParaName = Paravalue, xxxxx.php3 can Get the information Paravalue submitted by the query parameter paraname submitted from $ http_get_vars ["paraNGet_vars [" PARANAME ". The number of users request parameters is known from COUNT ($ HTTP_GET_VARS) and the corresponding processing is performed. When the user issues query requests in the way in query.php3? Customerid = 7777, Query.php3 can $ Http_get_vars ["Customerid"] The value of the query parameter Customerid is 7777, COUNT ($ http_get_vars) is 1. When the user issues query requests in the way in query.php3? Customerid = 7777 & password = dogisdog Query.php3 can get the value of the query parameter Customerid from $ http_get_vars ["customerid"] 7777, from $ http_get_vars ["password"] to get the value of the query parameter Password is Dogisdog, COUNT ($ http_get_vars) is 2. The following example (query.php3) is used to obtain the query parameters specified by the user and display it feedback to the user. Be Query.php3? Customerid = 1111 & StartDate = 1999.01.01 & Enddate = 1999.06.30 When requesting, the result is: You specify that three query parameters are as follows: The value of the first parameter Customerid is: 1111 The value of the second parameter startdate is: 1999.01.01 The value of the third parameter Enddate is: 1999.06.30 <! - query.php3 -> <html> <HEAD> <title> Query Parameter Processing </ Title> </ hEAD> <body> <? $ Querycount = count ($ http_get_vars); // Query parameter number Printf (" <h2> You specify the% D query parameters as follows: </ h2>", $ querycount); // Display the number of query parameters File: / / list each query parameter and its value For ($ INTINDEX = 0; List ($ key, $ val) = Each ($ http_get_vars); $ INTINDEX ) { Printf (" <h2> the value of D parameter% s:% s </ h2>", $ INTINDEX 1, $ KEY, $ VAL); } ?> </ body> </ html> (4) Get user cookies information Cookies can be passed between servers and clients, which records some information about a particular user. In PHP Take the user's cookies information in $ http_cookie_vars ["cookieItemName"]. The following statement can be used Demonstrate all cookies information: <? $ Querycount = count ($ http_cookie_vars); // cookie number Printf (" <h2> You have% D cookies information as follows: </ h2>", $ querycount); // Display cookie number File: / / list each cookie and its value For ($ intIndex = 0; List ($ key, $ val) = Each ($ http_cookie_vars); $ INTINDEX ) { Printf (" <h2> the value of Cookie (% s) is:% s </ h2>, $ INTINDEX 1, $ Key, $ VAL); } ?> (5) Get server environment information In PHP, server environment information is given in the form of a set of global variables for PHP script access. Common server environment variable information is: $ GATEWAY_INTERFA CE: gateway interface such as CGI / 1.1 $ Http_accept: Client Acceptable MIME Type List such as * / * $ Http_accept_language: The language used by the server, "en" represents English, "en-cn" means Simplified Chinese $ Http_host: HTTP server name $ Http_user_agent: Send a request for customer browser type, identify according to user request information and browscap.ini, such as Mozilla / 4.0 (Compatible; Msie 4.01; Windows 98) $ Local_addr: Name server name $ PATH_TRANSLATED: The file full name of the script file (including the actual path), such as C: /inetpub/wwroot/php3/query.php3 $ Transote_addr: IP address of the requesting client machine $ Transote_host: Name of the requesting client machine $ Request_Method: Method for issuing a request (post / get / head) $ Script_name: The path and file name of the script file called, such as / php3/query.php3 $ Server_name: The name or IP address of the server $ Server_Port: HTTP service port number, generally 80. $ Http_referer: The client issued the URL of the CGI program request $ Server_Protocol: The protocol used by the server software such as HTTP / 1.1 $ Server_software: The name and version of the server software, such as Microsoft-IIS / 4.0 Five to send information to users You can use the function provided by the PHP to flexibly control the contents and methods of the information sent to the client. For example, you can dynamically set feedback Information, set the customer's cookie, page repositioning, and more. (1), using the information content sent by the PHP function such as ECHO, PRINTF Functions echo, Printf can directly output content directly to the HTML file sent to the client browser. In the following example, selecolr.php3 requires the user to enter a color name, and the user will apply after confirmation. Take the same page Selecolr.php3, then display the color name with the colors specified by the user. <! - selectr.php3!>> <html> <HEAD> <title> Select Color </ Title> </ hEAD> <body> <? IF (Empty ($ http_post_vars ["colorname"])) {// No color name, prompt to enter the color name Echo ("<h4> You just need to choose the color name, I will display </ h4>"); ?> <form method = "post" Action = "selecolr.php3"> Color Name: <Input Name = "ColorName" Value = "RED"> <input type = Submit value = "display"> <input type = reset value = "Want to reset"> </ form> <? } ELSE // Enter color name, display color name with specified color Printf ("<h2> The color you selected is % s </ h2>", $ Http_post_vars ["colorname"], $ http_post_vars ["colorname"]);?>> </ body> </ html> (2), use the Header function to reposition the URL page If the domain name or IP address of your site has changed, it is like Borland. Like Inprise, the old customers can use the header function to direct it directly to the new use of the Header function when using the original domain name. Site goes up; if users must be visited to access another page before accessing this page, you can also use the Header function Direct it directly to the page that should go, not the information that the user does not have to access the page. It is worth noting that it is necessary to use the header function before sending any information to the client, otherwise an error can be caused. You should generally guide the user to another URL on the first statement of the page. In the following example, if the user calls this page, boot it to another page Selecolr.php3. <? FILE: // Reacture to Selecolr.php3, you must use the EXIT End Page Process Header ("Location: SELECOLR.PHP3"); EXIT; ?> <! - redirect.php3!>> <html> <HEAD> <title> Direction </ Title> </ hEAD> <body> You can't enter this page, otherwise I fail. </ body> </ html> (3), use the Header function to change the page content interpretation method In the HTML page code, you often see one sentence below. <meta http-equiv = "content-type" content = "text / html"> It is used to specify how the HTML page is interpreted by the browser. When Content = "text / html", the browser Interpret the code as a normal HTML page and display it to the user; when Content = "Text / Plain", the browser does not add the code. What is explained to the user; when Content = "image / jpeg" is a pass graphic file; when not specified, ContentType The default is "text / html". In the PHP page, you can change the type of ContentType with the Header function, you can control The browser explains how HTML text, such as Header ("ContentType: Image / GIF") indicates that the page return result is one GIF type graphic. (4) Setting the client cookies using the SetCookie function You can increase, modify or delete the client's cookies by setting the SetCookie function. When the cookie to be set does not exist, A new cookie will be created, its value is the value to be set; when the cookie exists, replaces the original value with a new value. It is worth noting that cookies should be set before the header of the page should be sent. In the following example, cookie.php3 is used to set a value of a cookie named WFJ. Will display when calling The value of the Cookie (WFJ) set last time. <? File: //cookie.php3 $ OldCookieValue = $ http_cookie_vars ["wfj"]; // The value of the Cookie (WFJ) set up IF (! ($ http_post_vars ["cookievalue"]))))))) {// Enter the value of the cookie (WFJ), make a cookie setting, display setup success message SetCookie ("WFJ", $ HTTP_POST_VARS ["CookieValue"]); ?> <html> <HEAD> <title> cookie Set success </ title> </ hEAD> <body> <? Printf (" cookie (wfj) has been set by% s S ", $ OldCookieValue, $ http_post_vars [" cookievalue "]); Printf (" you will see when calling"); } ELSE // No value of cookie (wfj), prompt to enter a cookie value { ?> <html> <HEAD> <title> cookie Set </ TITLE> </ hEAD> <body> <? Printf (" cookie (wfj) =% s", $ OLDCOOKIEVALUE); Printf (" <hr> <h4> You only need to set up cookies, I will display </ h4>"); ?> <form method = "post" action = "cookie.php3"> Cookie Settings: <Input Name = "CookieValue" Value = "Wangfajun"> <input type = Submit value = "set"> <input type = reset value = "Want to reset"> </ form> <?}?> </ body> </ html> Six server-side scripts and client scripts mixed programming When using the <script> </ script> to write a script program, if you do not specify the language = PHP, it is considered The script is executed on the client, at which time the server-side main script and client script can be mixed in the program. You can flexibly control the execution of the client script based on the client's request, making feedback to the customer more personalized. When mixing, the server-side script is embedded in "<??>", in order to distinguish. Below is an example of a server-side script and a client script hybrid programming (CSScript.php3). In this example, 10 records will be output, and different functions are customized for each record, so that each function can display different in the status bar of the browser. Content, and occurs when the mouse is recorded. <! - csscript.php3 -> <html> <HEAD> <title> server-side script and client script hybrid program </ Title> </ head> <body> <H1> When the mouse is moved to the [Project Name] on each record, please pay attention to the change of the status strip </ h1> <Table Border = "1"> <TR> <TD> Project Name </ TD> <TD> Status should appear </ td> </ tr> <? for ($ INTIndex = 1; $ INTINDEX <= 10; $ INTINDEX ) {?> <tr> <td onmouseover = "status <? echo ($ INTINDEX)?> ()"> <? echo ($ INTINDEX)?> </ td> <TD> The mouse is now pointing to the project <? echo ($ intIndex)?> </ td> </ TR> <script language = javaScript> <! - Function Status <? echo ($ INTINDEX)?> () { WINDOW.STATUS = "The mouse is now pointing to the project <? echo ($ intindex)?>"; } -> </ script> <?}?> </ table> </ body> </ html> Seven increased notes Adding a comment is a good habit when programming. PHP allows you to add comments in the page code, specific annotation methods and C Language annotation syntax is the same, as used as a double slash "//" as an comment. Eight use of include to implement function modularization You can save a common function function to a PHP file. When you use the functions in other PHP pages, you will contain functions. The PHP file is included in the PHP file in the call function. You can use the include function at this time. The specific syntax is: INCLUDE ($ filename); Be careful when using: 1. Avoid self-inclusion, that is, file1 contains file1; if there is a statement in multiple files, it should be avoided. That is, the loop is included, such as file1 contains file2, file2 contains file3, file3 contains File1. 2. The type of scripting language that is included must be a PHP language type or <script> </ script> scripting segment. The above is some entry knowledge of learning and use PHP to create dynamics, interactive sites, with these basic knowledge, you can play Previously, you have accumulated programming experience, you can learn and explore the dynamic, interactive, interactive, interactive, interactive, interactive, based on the Unix / Linux website system with PHP. 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