DOS command complete works and detailed explanation

xiaoxiao2021-03-06 14

A) MD - build a subdirectory

XCL

1. Function: Create a new subdirectory

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2. Type: internal command

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3. Format: MD [Drive:] [Path Name]

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4. Instructions for use:

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(1) "Drive": Specifies the disk drive letter to establish a subdirectory, if omitted, is the current drive;

(2) "path name": The superior directory of the subdirectory to be established, if the default is built in the current directory.

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Example: (1) Creating a subdirectory named Fox in the root of the C DC; (2) Create a USER subdirectory in the fox subdirectory.

C:,> MD Fox (creating a subdirectory in the current drive C)

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C:,> MD Fox, User (create a USER subdirectory in the fox subdirectory)

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(2) CD - change the current directory

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1. Function: Show current directory

2. Type: internal command

^ TC

3. Format: CD [Drive:] [Path Name] [subdirectory name]

e / (d] j

4. Instructions for use:

(1) If the path and sub-directory names are omitted, the current directory is displayed;

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(2) If the "CD," format is used, it will be returned to the root directory;

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(3) If the "CD .." format is used to return to the previous directory.

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Example: (1) Go to the User subdirectory; (2) Return to the subdirectory from the USER subdirectory; (3) Return to the root directory.

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C:,> CD Fox, User (enter the user subdirectory under the Fox subdirectory)

C:, fox, user> cd.. (Return to the previous root directory)

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C:, fox> CD, (return to the root directory)

CG *

C:,>

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(3) RD - Delete subdirectory command LVA

1. Function: Deleted the directory from the specified disk.

2. Type: internal command

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3. Format: RD [Path:] [Path Name] [Subnatal Name]

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4. Instructions for use:

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(1) The sub-directory must be empty before deleting, that is to say, first enter the subdirector, use the DEL (command to delete the file) to delete the files in its subdirectory, and return to the top

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First class directory, delete the directory itself with the RD command;

(2) You cannot delete the root directory and the current directory.

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Example: Requirements to delete the user subdirectory under the C disk fox subdirectory, the operation is as follows:

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Step 1: First remove the files in the User subdirectory;

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C,> DEL C:, FOX, User, *. *

Step 2, delete the USER subdirectory.

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C,> RD C:, FOX, User

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(4) DIR - Display Disk Directory Command

Hide

1. Function: Displays the contents of the disk directory.

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2. Type: internal command

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3. Format: DIR [Drive] [Path]

9z *

[/ W]

4. Instructions for use: / p Use; when you want to view too much, you can't get on the screen, you will not be easy to see, add / P, you will be displayed on the screen.

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Show 23 rows of file information, then pause, and prompt; press any key to continue

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/ W Use: Plus / W Only the file name is displayed, so that the file size and the date and time of the establishment are omitted. After adding the parameters, each line can display five file names.

Path - Path Settings Command

1. Function: The search path of the device executable file is only valid for the file.

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2. Type: internal command

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3. Format: PATH [Card Name 1] Directory [Path Name 1] {[Default 2:], ...} h {Wel

4. Instructions for use:

(1) When running an executable file, DOS will first search the file in the current directory. If you find it; if you can't find the file, depending on the path set by the Path command,

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The sequence is searched to the directory;

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(2) The path in the path command. If there are two or more, each path is separated;

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(3) There are three use methods: path command:

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Path [Disk 1:] [Path 1] [Path 2:] [Path 2] ... (Setting the search path of the executable)

PATH: (Cancel all paths)

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PATH: (Show the path set ")

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(6) TREE - Display Disk Directory Structure Command

R-Z

1. Function: Displays all directory paths on the specified drive and all file names in these directories.

Wvyzm

2. Type: External Command

3. Format: Tree [Drive:] [/ f] ["PRN]

4. Instructions for use:

(1) Display all files and directory all files, omitted, and only the directory is displayed, and the files in the directory are displayed;

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(2) When selecting> PRN parameters, print the file name in the listed directory and directory.

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(7) DELTREE - Delete the entire directory command

JE2 /

1. Function: Remove the entire directory and subordinate subdirectories and files.

2. Type: External Command

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3. Format: Deltree [Disk]

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4. Instructions for use: This command can be deleted with all the files, subdirectories, and lower subdirectories, and regardless of the file's properties, and regardless of the file.

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As long as the file is located in the deleted directory, Deltree has taken the colleagues, and the deletion is incorrect. Be careful when using it! ! !

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V. Disk operation class command

(1) Format - disk format command

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1. Function: Format, divide the tracks and sectors of the disk; at the same time check out the tracks with non-defective defects on the disk, marking the bad track; establish a directory area and file allocation table,

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Enable the disk to receive DOS preparation.

2. Type: External Command

GU_S

3. Format: Format [/ s] [/ 4] [/ q]

4. Instructions for use:

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(1) If the command after the command cannot be default, if the hard disk is formatted, it will be as follows: Warning: All Data on Non --Removable Disk

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Drive C: Will Be Lost!

D-

Proceed with format (y / n)?

WYX

(Warning: All data is on the C drive, will it be lost, is it really formatted?)

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(2) If it is formatted to the floppy disk, you will be prompted as follows: INSERT MEW Diskette for Drive A;

And press Enter When Ready ...

(Insert a new disk in a A drive, ready to press Enter).

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(3) Select the [/ S] parameter, copy the DOS system files IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, and Command.com to disk so that the disk can be used as a DOS boot disk. If you do not choose / s parameters,

Then the formatted 磙磙 can only read and write information, and cannot be used as a boot disk;

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(4) Select the [/ 4] parameters, format 360kB low density disk in a 1.2MB high-density software drive;

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(5) Select [/ Q] parameters, quickly format, this parameter does not re-divide the magnetic track lounge and sector, only the disk root directory, file allocation table, and boot sector

Blank, so the formatted speed is faster.

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(6) Select the [/ u] parameters, indicating that there is unconditional format, that is, destroying all the data on the original disk. Do not add / u, it is safely formatted. At this time, create a mirror file to save the original FAT.

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The table and root directory can be used to restore the original data with UNFORRMAT.

PQ- / W

(2) Unformat recovery formatted command

9% 5!

1. Function: Recovery for disk that is lost to malfunction data.

2. Type: External Command

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3. Format: unformat [/ L] [/ u]

[/ Test]

4. Instructions: Used to recover the disk that will be formatted by "non-destructive". The deleted file or subdirectory and disk system sector (including FAT, root directory, boot sector)

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And hard disk partition tables) can also be rescued with unformat.

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(1) Select the / l parameter to list the information found by the sub-directory name, file name, Daxia dates, but not really format work.

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(2) Select / P parameters will be sent to the screen (including / L parameter) at the same time. Running screen will be displayed

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Schedule: "Print Out Will Be Sent To LPT1"

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(3) Selecting the / TEST parameter to do only the simulation test (TEST) does not do a real write action. Use this parameter screen to display: "Simulation Only"

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(4) Selecting the / U parameter Do not use the data of the mirror image file, directly unformat according to the current status of the disk.

(5) Select / PSRTN; repair the hard disk partition table.

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If one of / p, / l, / test after the drive is equivalent to using the / u parameter, unformat will "assume" that the disk does not have the mirror image file.

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Note: Unformat is fully recovered for the FORMAT disk, but if Format has been written in other data, UNFORMAT will not complete the data. Unformat

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Not that is universal, because using unformat will rebuild the FAT and root directory, it also has high hazards, and improper operation may expand loss, if only several files are deleted or

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The subdirectory only needs to take advantage of Undelete.

3) CHKDSK - Check Disk Current Status Commands

(l # .3 |

1. Function: Display disk status, memory status, and discontinuous number of specified files under specified paths.

2. Type: External Command

3. Format: Chkdsk [Disk] [Path] [File Name] [/ f] [/ V]

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4. Instructions for use:

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(1) Select the [File Name] parameter, then display the file occupied by the file; JN}

(2) Select the [/ F] parameters to correct the logic errors found on the specified disk;

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(3) Select the [/ V] parameter, display all the files and paths on the disk.

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(4) DiskCopy - intending to copy command

1. Function: Copy format and floppy disk that is exactly the same.

2. Type: External Command

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3. Format: DiskCopy [Disk 1:] [Disk 2:]

E,? P!

4. Instructions for use:

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(1) If the target floppy disk is not formatted, the system is automatically selected when copying.

(2) If the original file on the target floppy is copied, it will be lost.

(3) If it is a single drive copy, the system will prompt time-replacement source disk and target disk, pay attention to the source disk and target disk when operating.

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(5) Label - build disk volume label command

RX) z /%

1. Function: Establish, change, delete disk scroll.

2. Type: External Command

4AR6D ~

3. Format: Label [Disk] [Volume Label]

'r {zf}

4. Instructions for use:

(1) The volume is named as the volume labeled name to be established. If this parameter is deficient, the system prompts to type the volume name or ask if the original volume labeled name is deleted;

(2) The volume is constructed from 1 to 11 characters.

FZMG

(6) VOL - Display Disk Booster Commands

9LYR

1. Function: View the disk volume mark.

N (C)

2. Type: internal command

3. Format: Vol [Disk]

4. Instructions for use: omitted the disc character, display the current drive scroll.

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(7) ScanDisk - detection, repair disk command

QO (II

1. Function: Detecting a disk's FAT table, directory structure, file system, etc. have problems, and can fix the detected issues.

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3. Format: Scandisk [Disk 1:] {[Disk 2:] ...} [/ all]

T: X

4. Instructions for use:

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(1) CCANDisk is suitable for hard disk and floppy disk, you can specify multiple disks at a time or to specify all disks;

(2) The logical errors such as cross-linking, loss clusters, and directory structures that occur during the disk can be automatically detected, and fix them.

TAF

(8) DEFRAG - Reforming Disk Command

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1. . Function: Monitor disk and eliminate disk scaffold.

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2. Type: External Command

3. Format: DEFRAG [Drive:] [/ f]

C% f | f @

4. Instructions: Select / F parameters to eliminate fragmentation on the file, and adjust the arrangement of disk files to ensure that there is no gap between files. To speed up the speed of the read disc and save disks

D "fs;

space.

BLZCUP

(9) SYS - System Replication Command

1. Function: Transfer the DOS system files IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS, and Command.com on the current drive to the specified drive.

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2. Type: External Command

ET =

3. Format: SYS [Disk]

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* Instructions: If the disk remaining space is not enough to store system files, then prompt: no roomfor on destination disk.

File operation class command

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(1) Copy file copy command

NWM *

1. Function: Copy one or more files to the specified disk.

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2. Type: internal command

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3. Format: COPY [Source Disk] [Path] [Target Path] [Path] [Target File Name]

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4. Instructions for use:

(1) COPY is the file copy data on the file, and the target disk must have been formatted before replication;

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(2) During the copy process, the old file on the same file name on the target disk will be replaced by the source file;? = PU13

(3) When copying the file, you must first determine enough space, otherwise it will appear; InsufFicient's error message, prompting disk space insufficient;

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(4) The file name is allowed to use the generalization "*" "?", And multiple files can be copied at the same time;

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(5) The source file name in the copy command must be pointed out that it is not omitted.

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(6) When copying, the target file name can be the same as the source file name, called "the same name copy", and the target file name may be omitted;

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(7) When copying, the target file name can also be different from the source name, referred to as "a copy copy", at this time, the target file name cannot be omitted;

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(8) When copying, you can also merge several files into a file, called "merge copy", the format is as follows: Copy; [source disk] [Path] ... [ Objective

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Board] [Path]

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(9) Using the COPY command, you can also enter the data to establish files from the keyboard, the format is as follows: Copy Con [Disk:] [Path] ;

(10) Note: The usage format of the copy command, the source file name and the target file name must have space!

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(2) XCOPY - Directory copy command

QX [

1. Function: Copy all files in the specified directory and directory together with the directory structure.

4T6 / 1L

2. Type: External Command

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3. Format: xcopy [source disk:] [Target Drive:] [Target path name] [/ s] [/ v] [/ e]

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4. Instructions for use:

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(1) Xcopy is the expansion of COPY, can copy the specified directory and directory structure, but cannot copy hidden files and system files;

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(2) Use the time source disk, source target path name, and source file names at least one;

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(3) Use / s to copy all the files under the source directory and its subdirectory. Unless specified / e parameters, / s does not copy the empty directory, if the / s parameter is not specified, Xcopy only copies CMWP3_

The file of the source directory itself does not involve the subdirectories under which;

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(4) When the / v parameter is selected, the sector of the pair is checked, but the speed will be reduced.

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(3) TYPE - display file content command

P4RS

1. Function: Displays the contents of the ASCII code file.

MOD

2. Type: Internal Command.

_XS

3. Format: Type [Disk] [Path]

4. Instructions for use:

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(1) Display text files consisting of ASCII code, right. EXE.COM, etc., the content of its display is unread, there is no practical meaning 2;

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(2) This command can only display the content of a file at a time, and the wildcard cannot be used;

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(3) If the file has an extension, the extension must be written;

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(4) When the file is longer, when the screen is displayed, you can display it in the following format; type [Display:] [Path] | more, more is the split screen display command, use some parameters

CZR

The full screen will be paused, pressing any key to continue displaying.

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(5) If you need to print the contents, you can use the following format:

SQP8

TYPE [Drive:] [Path] ,> PRN

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At this point, the printer should be in a online state.

(4) REN - file rename command

6T-J

1. Function: Change the file name

WT> AR

2. Type: internal command

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3. Format: REN [Disk] [Path]

B & / - @

4. Instructions for use:

(1) You cannot add the disk and path before the new file name, because the command can only replace the file name on the file on the same plate;

(2) Allows a set of file names or extensions using wildcard.

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(5) FC - file comparison commands E *; J:

1. Function: Compare the difference in the file, and lists the differences.

2. Type: External Command

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3. Format: FC [Drive:] [Path Name] [Distribution:] [Path Name] [File Name] [/ A] [/ C] [/ n]

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4. Instructions for use:

(1) Select / a parameter to compare the ASCII code;

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(2) Select / b parameter to compare the binary comparison mode;

(3) Select / c parameters to see the case as the same character.

(4) Select / n parameters, in the ASCII code comparison mode, display the line number of the difference.

(6) Attrib - Modify the file attribute command

H # s

1. Function: Modify the properties of the specified file. (See 2.5.4 (2) File Properties section) section)

2. Type: External Command.

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3. Format: Attrib [File Name] [R] [- R] [A] [- A] [H] [- H]

[--S]

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4. Instructions for use:

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(1) Select the R parameter, set the specified file to read-only properties, so that this file can only be read, cannot write data or delete; select -R parameters, remove read-only properties;

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(2) Select a parameter to set the file to file properties; select -A parameters to remove file properties;

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(3) Select the H parameters, adjust the file to impide the implied attribute; choose -h parameters to hidden attributes;

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(4) Select the S parameters to set the file as the system properties; select -S parameters to remove system properties;

(5) Select / s parameters to set all the subdirectories and settings to the current directory.

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7) DEL - delete file commands

1. Function: Delete the specified file.

7LB F0

2. Type: internal command

3. Format: DEL [Disk] [Path]

4. Instructions for use:

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(1) Select / P parameters, the system is inquiry before deleting whether the file is really deleted, if this parameter is not used, then automatically delete;

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(2) This command cannot delete the attribute as an implicit or read-only file;

(3) The wildcard can be used in the file name;

(4) To delete all files on the disk (del *. * Or DEL.), Will prompt: (Are you sure?) If you answer Y, then delete, answer n, then take

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Remove the job.

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(8) Undelete - Restore Delete Commands

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1. Function: Restore missed command

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2. Type: External Command.

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3. Format: Undelete [Disk] [Path Name] [/ dos] / list] [/ all]

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4. Instructions: Use Undelete to use "*" and "?" Wildcard.

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(1) Select the / dos parameter to recover the files according to the records remaining in the directory. Since the file is deleted, the first character recorded in the directory will be changed to E5, and DOS is based on the file.

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The E5 and its subsequent characters are found to find files to recover, so Undelete will require the user to enter a character to make the file name. But this character does not have to be the same as the original.

Simply in line with DOS file name rules.

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(2) Selecting / List only "List" Files that meet the specified criteria without performing recovery, so there will be no impact on disk content.

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(3) Select / ALL to automatically recover fully recovered files, and inform the user in order to use this parameter, if Undelte uses the records in the directory to recover files,

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It will automatically select a character to replenish the file name and make it the same as the existing file name, and the preferred order of selecting characters is: #% - 0000123456789a ~ z.

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Undelete also has the function of establishing the protection measures of the document, which has exceeded the scope of the course, and readers should check the DOS manual when using some functions. D0

Seven, other orders

(1) CLS - clear screen command

DB0

1 Function: Clear all the display on the screen, the cursor is placed on the upper left corner of the screen.

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2 Type: Internal Command

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3 format: CLS

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(2) VER View System Version Number Command

V {? 8

1 Function: Display the current system version number

2 Type: Internal Command

BBG

3 format: Ver

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(3) DATA date setting command

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1 Function: Set or display the system date.

2 Type: Internal Command

8Q_

3 Format: Date [mm - DD - YY]

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4 Instructions for use:

(1) omission [mm - dd - y] Display the system date and prompts to enter a new date, do not modify, you can press the Enter key directly, [mm - dd - y] "month-day-day - Year "

format;

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(2) When the machine starts start, there is an automatic processing file (Autoexec.bat) is executed, the system does not prompt the system date. Otherwise, prompt to enter the new date and time.

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(4) TIME system clock setting command

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1 Function: Set or display the system period.

2 Type: Internal Command

% l / r%.

3 Format: Time [hh: mm: ss: xx]

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4 Instructions for use:

(1) omissions [HH: MM: SS: XX], display the system time and prompt to enter a new time, you can press the Enter key directly, [hh: mm: ss: xx] "Hours: Minute: Second :percentage

A few seconds "format;

(2) When the machine starts start, there is an automatic processing file (Autoexec.bat) is executed, the system does not prompt the system date. Otherwise, prompt to enter the new date and time.

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(5) MEM View the current memory status command

Nayz

1 Function: Show the current memory usage

2 Type: External Command

Tu; ^

3 Format: MEM [/ C] [/ f] [/ m]

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4 Instructions for use:

Q & E Z7

(1) The selection / c parameter lists the length of each file loaded into regular memory and CMB, and also shows the usage status of memory space and the maximum available space;

(2) Select / F parameters list the current regular memory remaining bytes and the area and size of UMB available;

(3) Select / M parameter Display the module uses memory address, size and module nature;

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(4) Select / P parameter Specify that when the output exceeds a screen, the user is paused for users to view.

(6) MSD display system information command

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1 Features: Display the situation of the hardware and operating system of the system.

2 Type: External Command

E ^ is

3 format: MSD [/ s]

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4 Instructions for use:

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(1) When selecting / i parameter, no hardware is detected;

(2) When the / b parameter is used, the MSD is started in black and white;

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(3) When selecting / s parameters, a concise system report is displayed.

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