Sina is exclusively reprinted by Sun Wei's speech at the Chinese Indian Software Summit. 2005-3-2 February 27, the Sino-Indian Software Summit was held in Beijing. At the meeting, the core issues of China Software and the core issues to which to development have caused the intense discussion of industry scholars. After the commentary article was written in Ni Guangnan, Sun Wei, the Dean of the Beihang Software, delivered his own point of view. In the text, Sun Wei made a detailed analysis of the shortcomings of China's software industry in development and across obstacles, and exclusively provided Sina Technology. The following is the full text of the article: According to the US E5 company forecast, the 2006 global software outsourcing market will reach $ 100 billion, and the US customers take 65%, and the proportion of customers in Europe will rise to 85%. The English software outsournely in the United States will continue to occupy most of the markets in the global software outsourcing. The outsourcing is so prosperous, and the reason is nothing more than the following: It is difficult to find talented talents with a technology; the price of local human resources is too expensive. However, whether the European and American software outsourcing industry can succeed in addition to the market demand depends on the global (mainly United States), and more importantly, we compete with opponents (mainly India). As the hardware production big country, the global three-hardware export is ranked globally based on the IT hardware of China, and the software industry is quite limited in the world market: the sales of Package Software only accounts for only global sales. 0.7%, software service output value only accounts for 0.2% of the world; India, which is the World Software Outsourcing Production Center, and nearly four years of software exports are several times in China (see tables), accounting for 20% of the global market, 62% of the US imports are expected to read the industry's export revenue of 12 billion US dollars in 2003-2004, an increase of 26% -28%. The gap does not only stay on the number. In software outsourcing, the author has a deep sense of competition in China's software industry, from language and cultural social system, education talent structure, enterprise and market maturity, etc. to limit China's software outsourcing market in the European and American software outsourcing market. A short-term irresistible barrier 1, the innate language of the language: outsourcing, documents, information processing, and meeting must be deal with language text. Indians' language advantages are unquestionable. A little better school in India is teaching in English, although their English has a strong accent, but they can fluently say fluently, write quickly, and communicate with customers. At present, India's English-speaking technology talent reserves are second only to the United States, ranking second in the world. In this regard, Chinese people are inevitably seeing, after all, English is not our mother tongue. Our technical manager has told me that he takes 2 hours a day to read the US E-mail to accurately understand the meaning; during the implementation of the project, our developers and American customers have more Question, if the customer does not accurately understand the programmers written in English in English. Domestic software companies are difficult to send technologists, and they are often complained by customers, even lost those who are not easy to customers; and those who send those small languages, technical qualified programmers, usually immigrants in the short term. Or transfer to other companies to get higher salary, eventually leading to customers' loss. 2. Different political systems and psychological barriers brought by the legal system: due to historical origins, it is deeply related to countries that have affected British political tradition, especially with the Federal countries, and their international dialogue is very straightforward. The full understanding of international politics and legal systems has made it an important guarantee in the international economic interaction, and this is an important guarantee for entrepreneurship and entering the mainstream social society. Plus similar legal systems and social systems with similar European and American countries, India has gained greater cooperation space and trust in the United States, and more inclined to India in some large orders such as US high-tech and national defense military.
The mainstream political force in the United States has always regarded China as the most likely competitor. Even under the same competition conditions, they will also give priority to the Indian company, and China Software companies have to face only some ordinary small orders. Surface. 3, the talent difference between the education system and the cultural psychology in India, the education department is less restrictive and managing the bureaucratic department, is relatively independent, diverse, constructed a very complete and multi-educational system, can take him High-level, middle-level and low-level people do a good combination. In history, Indians show extremely high talents in mathematics, and 340 million geographies have graduated from universities and spoken schools to IT industry, about 300,000 people have become a strict sense of engineers. Most of the software managers in India are not coding experts, many or even MBA, or areas (industrial design, geographic experts, etc.), but can lead to a large group of programs to do work well. A domestic software company recruits Indian employees, giving the candidates a test paper that is almost in China, has a foundation concept and programming topic. The programming topic they do is simply like a unified answer, from the program structure, note, and variables are very similar! You can want to see how their overall documentation is. Indians can grasp the software overall, able to complete the software, and organize the pretty design documentation. It is discovered that college students from China's so-called Cob, and the high-handed high-handed is almost a common problem, dissatisfied with existing programming work, and the procedures that have been handed over will not use the big man. Software science is a practical science and art. Senior "software white collar" is at least more than 5 years of exercise, they have a strong market awareness, know how to connect technology research and product development, and these Senior Software Talent Personal Success must depends on the team spirit, coordination skills and management level. In the domestic education environment, students are comparable to each other. It is a personal academic performance, and the concept of conceptual cognition of teamwork is poor, and I don't pay much attention to the important link of hands-on practices. After entering the company, since the tools used for team development are very expensive, our software companies are unwilling to get these tools, making Chinese programmers lacking the experience of development tools, resulting in non-lacking in the international development model, most people may It is only repeatedly pondered the data structure, algorithm, ponder details, and I have not yet coded and think that it is an Outlook or a Visualstudio interface. The development of the software industry has long gone through the era of coding the hero. The programmer has been a blue collar that is sitting in the office. It is possible to act as a screw. Code is a low level of work, the workshop test field Development mode will only restrict the sustainable development of software companies. 4, China's foreign personnel is difficult to get a visa US visa review system in recent years, and the Chinese is hard to obtain the fact that the US visa is made, and the domestic programmers who need to work to foreign customers cannot arrive in time. Make our software companies often cannot serve the US companies as scheduled, and the loss has been fixed. Second can span obstacles 1. IT enterprise competitiveness low India has a large number of management system specifications such as Tata, Infosys and WiPro, and has large internationally renowned modern private software companies and internationally renowned brands. Infosys, a rapid development of Indian IT, as an example, currently 8 billion US dollars, employees have increased more than 3,000 people in 1999 to more than 23,000 people. The company implements employee shareholding systems, and mobilizes employee's creativity and work efficiency with a campus work environment, which has been rated as the best employers in India. Confused most of China's most IT companies, still universally formed a large scale in the workshop, facing the promotion of the domestic market and lacking, in the software outsourcing area, is more frequently affected.
Due to the well-known China Financial System Problem, the general domestic enterprises are difficult to pay for the high margin (BOND) required by the United States in outsourcing business (Bond), and the company's size is not allowed to be all in the United States. Regional office and market sales agencies have been established in medium or more. China's largest software company only has established a group of parties in the United States. The opportunity of several people in the United States, which has a minimum of orders to obtain orders. Like other industries, software outsourcing companies have only to publicly compete (bidding), and can build a complete sales network can be developed. 2. The lack of software development systemization management The US government and large companies are often the largest software outsourcing order provider, and they need an outsourcing company with CMM (software capability maturity) 3 or higher qualification qualification. Global software companies can get only 7% of CMM's highest level, 52 CMM5 companies in 2003, India account for 42, and China only has 5 software companies in it. CMM2 Chinese companies are not 50, most of which only ISO9002 level certification, small software companies usually do the lowest standards of companies involved in bidding, and get a big order? 3, the lack of commercial reputation: the United States is an extremely payment of reputable countries, and their philosophy is very simple and effective: you can serve me a good service is that you have a group of customers in the United States. Therefore, tenders for obtaining software outsourcing orders in the United States must provide a successful case of several related services to customers. Due to limited customer resources, most of our software companies' outsourcing business is "Case By Case" (can only connect to fixed customers to package orders in a certain period of time). It is difficult to form a batch of convincing business reputation, high cost, long-term cost of outsourcing, non-standard, non-standard, difficult to manage, and difficult to form a batch of persuasive business reputation. Even in the existing for European and American software outsourcing business, my country's enterprises also have a disease in intellectual property protection. The recent cover story of the US "E-Week" is sharply pointed out that Chinese companies have seriously affected their expansion in software outsourcing fields. Many US companies are worried that Chinese IT companies will lead to the loss of core technology. In India, I didn't have a intellectual property dispute in more than ten years of outsourcing of US software. 4, can levere overseas personnel: From a certain extent, China-Indian countries have a few professional technicians in the United States, especially at the high-level distribution of IT, will decide each other to win in the software outsourcing field in macro. negative. In the high level of the international software industry, half of the people are Indians. There are stories that in some high-level meetings of Microsoft, the language of this meeting will become Indian in English after a few minutes. Because everyone realizes that they can speak India, you can see that India's professional technicians and managers are approximately 2-4 times in China. It is reported that in 1999/2000, the US H-1 labor visa China is 15% of the total quota, and India is approximately 60%. 5. The advantage of human cost is eaten that many people are talking about China's competitiveness, they will always mention domestic labor. I want to remind some people who have this point of view: The software industry is not equivalent to the general manufacturing industry. "Forbes", "Commercial Week" once reported this: "India has endless talent reserves", "When China is becoming the source of low-cost labor in the industrial country, India has developed into a technical talent library." The continuous development of software outsourcing has a quantity, and the speed is far from enough. Our neighboring software outsource software is 60% of the software purchased by US customers. It is manufactured in India, depending on the quality, depth, is its more than 300,000 advanced software engineer. Software talents at this level, China has no obvious advantages, no matter whether it is quality or price.
