Project Management Software Application Analysis Wang Qingsheng (this article reprinted from Software Engineering Expert Network www.21cmm.com) Project Management is the purpose of the project manager under certain constraints, with the purpose of the project manager with the project manager under certain constraints. Based on the basis of the project as an independent entity, it is economical to be economical, and a valid plan, organization, coordination, and control system management activities are performed in accordance with the internal logic laws in the project. The core technology of project management is network planning technology. Network planning technology is a scientific plan management technology developed in the mid-1950s, mainly two origins: 1. In 1956, DuPont first uses a CPM (Key Path Law) in the chemical industry. Second, the US Navy uses the PERT (plan review method) proposed by Buzz Allen when establishing the Arctic Star missile. These two methods have gradually penetrated into many fields, and more and more people have become the mainstream of network planning technology. Since the mid-1960s, my country has begun to apply the network plan in various departments in all departments of the famous mathematician Hua Lugeng professor, and naming this approach is named in accordance with the guiding ideology of "co-ordination, comprehensive arrangement". Coordinate method. Network planning technology has been promoted in the domestic production and construction. I. The development of project management software and the development of current status project management technology are inseparable. When the project management technology occurs, it is the birth of the computer, so the early development of network plan software is running on the mainframe, mainly for national defense and civil construction projects. The cost of project management software during this period is also very high. It is often sold to more than $ 100,000. In the 1980s, with the rapid increase in the emergence of microcomputers and the speed of operation, project management technology also showed the trend of prosperity, and a large number of project management software, the price of software fell sharply. At the same time, many domestic colleges and research units have also developed many project management software. However, due to the impact of the planned economic system, many domestic software have been developed as a topic. It has no commercialization after the results, and has not maintained upgraded work, leading to the development of domestic project management software very slow. After nearly 20 years of development, project management software that cannot survive in the market economy is ruthlessly eliminated by the market. The current project management software is divided into two grades according to the function and price level: a high-end project management software is software for professional project managers. This type of software is powerful, and the price is generally more than $ 2,000, such as Primavera. The P3, GORES technology company's Artemis, ABT's OpenPLAN, etc. Workbench, Welcom's OpenPLAN, etc. Another type is the low-end project management software, which is applied to some small and medium-sized projects, although the functions are not very complete, but the price is cheaper, such as Timeline's Timeline, Primavera's SureTrak, Microsoft's Project98 Wait. 1. The high-end project management software here takes the current state of the high-end project management software as an example with the Leading Sheep Primavera Project Management Series software of the project management software. US Primavera is a company specializing in project management software development and services, founded in 1983. That is, in 1983, the company has launched the Primavera Project Planner (referred to as P3) 1.0 for DOS, which has become a project management software leading sheep. The current latest version is P3 3.0 for Windows. P3 is first is a project management software based on the theory of generalized network planning technology. We know that traditional network planning technology research is progressive, and the analysis is also mainly analyzed. Actually resource and investment constrain the progress, a reasonable construction period must consider the factors of resources and investment.
The maximum number of steps in P3 processing a single project reaches 100,000, the number of resources is unrestricted, and the number of resources available on each process is not limited. P3 also provides a function of resource equilibrium, which can automatically solve the problem of insufficient resources. The node number in P3 can be arbitrarily prepared. The node number of the traditional network technology can only be a number, and the back node must be greater than the front node. There is no such limit for general network technology. In P3, the node number can be a number, or a letter, the node number of the subsequent job is not necessarily larger than the node number of the front job. In addition, P3 can also use calendars to set different holidays and working hours, use restrictions to represent special requirements, such as an outdoor job requirement to complete before winter, this requirement only needs to increase a completion of life. Conditions. P3 uses the mode of object management to control the project. It saves the optimized plan as a target plan, which is adjustable to compare with current progress and resource consumption, which can easily find which job exceeds, which work is backward, and there is no impact on the entire year. In this way, it is very helpful for the completion of the project. P3 can decompose the project's working decomposition structure (WBS) from the project, until the operable work unit can also decompose (OBS) step by step, forming the tissue unit of the most basic layer, And each working unit is implemented to the corresponding organizational unit to complete. P3 then performs statistical and summary at any level of the working decomposition structure or tissue decomposition structure according to the requirements of different management. In addition, P3 can be screened, packet, sort, summarize according to the attributes of the project. For example, we can divide a project into a 3-level network and set the network level of all level 1 network jobs to 1. When we need to see a level 1 network, just choose the job equal to 1. This helps the project manager to adjust the data they need in the shortest time. As the commercial software, the P3 data interface is complete. You can also output DBASE databases, Lotus files, and ASCII format files, or data in DBASE, Lotus format, can also be exchanged with Windows programs through ODBC. Most of P3 can be performed using P3 batch programs for simple programming. In addition, P3 also provides development engine RA, programmers use other programming tools such as Visual Basic, Visual C , and PowerBuilder read and write P3 data via RA. Primavera also offers two-way interface DataStore with an Oracle database. P3 also provides Primavera PostOffice Post Office software, project construction staff can use the post office software to open the headquarters work schedule and feed back the actual progress to the headquarters. Primavera also provides Webster for primwarea, and individuals and individuals using this software can access and update project data through browsers. 2. The low-end project management software currently has a large number of simple project management software on the market, and there are many "public source code" project management software. These software generally only complete the project management of a certain stage and a certain aspect such as plan arrangements, personnel management, risk analysis. Project Scheduler 7 is a popular project event arrangement and manager, which provides a unique style, saving money, and is convenient. You can do basic work on your desktop or to process large, complex programs with SQL databases. It includes wizards, on the day, domain leading, etc., which also has very good flexibility, suitable for organization, merge, and view project. It also provides an HTML web publishing program that enables you to quickly and professional exchange projects. Microsoft Project 98 is an easy-to-use, complete, award-winning project management package. It is a powerful planning, analysis and management tool that allows you to create a project management solution that requires a higher specific task.
The program can perform visualization analysis of the most complex plan by breaking a project into easy management, allowing you to see how the task is interrelated, which is very important for you to make a comprehensive plan. At the same time, you can find your bottleneck, and future overhead of the entire project. You can also merge several items to make a reasonable evaluation of a shared resource, team workload, and multiple items you are planning. You can even automatically exchange the status of the project. A link to MicrosoftExchange enables the program to easily publish the properties selected by the project and can be connected to Microsoft Mail, Schedule , Microsoft Back Office (TM) or hundreds of additional programs. Second, the domestic application status project management software started early in my country, and there were many units in the early 1980s. At this stage, there have been many project management software in China, and each of the projects, if the project is intended to use the computer for project management, then a family of people will develop a set of project management software. There are also some projects to try to introduce foreign project management software, my country's first project introduced P3 project is Shanxi Fu'an Coal Mine. In these projects, our project managers are basically passive, lack of understanding of foreign project management, and do not understand foreign project management models. In the 1990s, with the needs of internationally, many units have received the idea of foreign project management. Many units have also introduced international advanced project management software, and some experience and data have been accumulated. There are currently thousands of projects and companies that currently use project management software in China. Comprehensive domestic application, divided into the following: (1) Application of project management software arranging schedules, can use these software before project bidding and engineering start construction. Some companies are still passive, because the project management software is required to use the project management software to use the corresponding software. (2) Whether the intensity of resources and the use of resources is satisfied by using the progress and resource combination. Many companies and projects taste the sweetness by using the project management software, hoping through the resource analysis and cost management of the project management software, making the progress plan more reasonable. (3) According to the construction organization measures to prepare progress and resource programs, the production is arranged according to the plan, and the progress is controlled by plans. Some projects have a very beautiful plan, and the resource allocation is also reasonable, but the on-site construction does not perform in accordance with the plan. This requires planned staff to prepare plans in accordance with the construction plan, and on-site construction staff will arrange production in accordance with the plan, and promptly feedback upwards, implement dynamic tracking. It can basically reflect the function of the project management software. At present, some projects in China are dynamically controlled in accordance with this mode. (4) The data management of the project is integrated with the Enterprise Management Information System (MIS), and the reproduction input is reduced by data sharing. The interface function of the project management software is connected to the management information system of the enterprise. It is necessary for the enterprise project management system to do this, and this requirement is not necessary for non-long working-type projects. (5) Controlling the remote project via Internet and intranet. The engineering data dispersed in branch or project sites around the world is passed to the part by Internet and intranet, summarizing and unifying the headquarters, and sending instructions to branch or construction sites through email. Projects that have long-lived in business and front can be promoted. Third, prospects use project management software assisted project management has become the consensus of project managers. How to get started as soon as possible, exhausted the effect of management in the limited life cycle of the project? This is a problem that is intended to be solved in front of each project and each project. The following respects projects and companies to explore how to use project management software.
