Since the Southern Song Dynasty, China's education can be said to be the most most affected by Zhu Zi's brief. He inherited the Avenue of Confucius, as a result, and taught people "Geology to know, practice." He is not only a very tired of the Song Dynasty, not tired, and he has contributed to Confucianism in his life. It is reasonable to say that the first person after Confucius.
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Zhu Zi named the famous, the words, the word Zhong Gu; "also self-proclaimed Yumi, Yungu elderly, Conghua. Song Gaozong Jian Yan four years (AD 1,300) Zhu Xi was born in Yuxi, died of Ning Zongqingyuan six years (120%), and enjoy the seventy year old. After he died, he was "Wen", the world called "Zhu Wengong", and has been chased, from the Feng Kong Temple, the scholars. Zhu Xi was born in Juxi County, Fujian Province, and has spent his childhood and enlightenment here. According to legend, his father Zhu Song once asked for a fortune. The divider said: "Rich is only the case, you are only like this, you have a child, it is a loff." The fear is a surcharge, Zhu Xi learned into the Confucianism. After the father moved to Jiayang, his life was spent in Fujian, so he later creating a school, also known as 闽 学. The grandfather is now in Jiangxi, Yuanyuan (Ziyuan is originally in Anhui, and the administrative in the Republic of China). His father is famous, the word Joe Year, the number of Jianzhai is straightforward. It is quite research on the philosophy of Zhou Dunyi, Zhang, Zhang, Zhang, the second-run, and the second-enthalpy, because the Qin Qin is humiliated. The mission policy was hooked to Fujian Yuxi County, and Zhu Zi was born in Youxi. Zhu Zi is smart and smart. One day, his father pointed to the sky, said to him "Day", he will then ask "What God is on"? His father listened, felt extraordinary; taught him to read the filial piety. After Zhu Zi read, he wrote on the book: "Not if it is not, no one is also." His young man developed under the guidance of his father, and influence the father's kind of thought to surrender and settle down. Volunteer of patriotism. At the age of fourteen, the father died. He was in accordance with the father's will, and Liu Zhen (Zhenzhong), Liu Zi (Yanchong), Liu Zi (Yanchong), and compliance with the legacy, and worship them. Three people are teachers. They regard Zhu Xi as the son; especially Liu Wei, to give him with his daughter. When he was 18 years old, he got a hometown, and he was 19 years old. After the Zhu Zi took the marty, he still diligently read. He said in the middle-aged memories: "Scholars are not willing to study, and they want to study after Shunduo, and they are cross-sectional, and the bruises are only self-study." At that time, the Confucianism was used as a means of reading. After the purpose of reaching the purpose, the average person put down the book and did not read it, went to drill the official position, but Zhu Zi did not want to go through the same fluid, no matter the mocking of others, I have been studying "Analects", "Mencius" and other scribes. " Strive to integrate through, and lay the foundation for future comment books. Especially the "four books" edited by him, it can be said that it is the most authorized textbook in my country. Its influence is rare in the history of Chinese and foreign education. He was twenty-two years of participation in choosing the exam. After the examination, he was sent to Quanzhou Tongan County as "main book", and his achievements were outstanding, and he did a large number of county students. He often led. He asked him to cut, at the age of 24, from the same peace, hundreds of miles, to Yanping County, worshiped to the teacher (willing). Li Wei is a four-way disciple of Cheng Hao, which is also a student of Zhu Zi's father. At that time, Li Wei was a sixty-six-year-old old man. It is a thinner who is in fame and fortune. He is in astishing for forty years. He put Lu Luxue and found it through the experience.
Therefore, after Zhu Zi saw Li Wei, she sighed: "Since the self-met, since the teacher, I have to do the understanding of the school, I know that the study of the old studies before." Li Wei is very heavy, and the study experience of their own life Torked him. Since this, he not only inherited the second-way Luo Xue, and integrated the idea of various philosophy in the Northern Song Dynasty, laid the foundation of his life. Zhu Zi is thirty-three years old, he promoted to a Ph.D. in Literature. Song Gaozong died, Xiao Zong succeeded (one and six), the new emperor's official doctor's opinion made national politics. Zhu Zi gave a book to Xiaozong, advised him to pay attention to the Confucian "Emperor", abandon the thoughts of Buddha's family and Taoist, start from "Great, and Zhizhi", "Sincere, Heart" to learn the ancient saints, you can " Governing the country, flatness, "; at the same time, try to oppose the same gold. He said: "Today's meter, but cultivation of Wu Di. However, it will not be in time, the saying goes. Today, the enemy does not share the hatred, and it is impossible to do." He is a hurt Instead, it is the same as the father of his father is not full in Qin. However, at the time, the power of Tang Siyuan and other laws and proclamings were excluded from Zhu Xi's claim. As a result, Xiao Zong fails to reuse him, only to ask him to serve as a martialth school, actually no real job. After more than a year, Zhu Zi appked to go home to study and study. In this regard, he said, on the one hand, he said that he said, a professor; on the one hand, I met many scholars, discuss the learning, and there was a famous "Goose Lake" in China's academic history. The Goose Lake Mountain is famous, and there is a Goose Lake Temple in the north of Lead Mountain County, Jiangxi. (The latter man is in the Goose Lake Temple, Dangdang, (ie, a year, two four ││125 I. After the death of Zhu Zi, it is called the literary college) "The Session of the Goose Lake" is here. When Zhu Zi is forty-six (AD 275), his friend Lu Zuqian came to visit him, lectured in the cold house. Two people combined closely. When Lu Zuqian went, Zhu Zi sent him a trip. On the way, they talked about Lu Jiuyuan's academic insights. Zhu Zi believes that his opinion is the "intensive and then" the "thinking and then" the "intensive" that is "interested in". In contrast, it means that it is not approved. Lu Zuqian proposed to invite Lu Jiubi, Lu Jiuyuan two brothers came to the Goose Lake Temple to discuss. After the commendation, I will discuss many problems, but the most important thing is an education method, Zhu Zi's insights I believe that guiding students must first have "extensive views, and then the following is the following", it means that the basic knowledge of Guangbo will be able to conduct specialized research. Lu Jiuyuan disagree, think should "first inventors, Then, the blond "means that the human mind has the original wisdom, so he should first inspire his inspiration. Waiting for his congenital wisdom to launch, teach him to read all aspects of work, and analyze Study. The two parties have different claims, so they criticize each other during the discussion process, Zhu Zi believes that Lu Jiuyuan looks too simple to treat teaching, as long as the development of spiritual sense, I don't learn the basic knowledge, I am afraid the results I can't do anything. Get the knowledge of knowledge, misunderstanding; Lu Jiuyuan criticizes Zhu Zi's teaching method to be crushed, and the east is reading a little copy, there is not much value. He also puts forward a reason to refute Zhu Zi: "People who have before, There is no book to read, why can you understand a lot of affairs? Obviously, you can rely on your own heart wisdom. "No one can convince anyone, the result is not happy, but the Zhu Zi pays attention to research The spirit makes Zhu's academic sounds.
When Zhu Zi was fifty-year-old, the second time I was a formal local official. The court sent him to Jiangxi South Kangjun (military, the name of the administrative region of the Song Dynasty, and the "government" scale of the Qing Dynasty). He is around for four years, in politics, has implemented policies to alleviate the activities of the people, and he handles flat relief, on the one hand, in work over, we will continue to do something seriously. And rebuild the Bailu Cave Academy of the Lushan (the four colleges of the Song Dynasty, namely Bai Lu, Suyang, Ying Tian, Yuelu 4th Column) (Note), have a big impact on education. In the third year of Nankang, Zhu Zi's first book │ 即 有,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 进 进 进 进 进,,,,, "People's Junzheng Hetrokes" is said to be the discussion of the discipline, and Xiao Zong looked at it. He believed that this is equal to his heart, and the discipline is not easy. At that time, the minister said to Xiao Zong: "These nerd have no non-captural fondance. If the emperor is blaming him, his name is more and more, with him, but fuel his distinctive, it is better to take him with him, and then come back to pack him again. Xia Zong listened to Zhao Xiong, and sent Zhu Zi to the mainship of the tea salt in Xiangdong. After Xiao Zong's transmission and Guangzong, Zhu Zi was sent to Zhangzhou Zhenzhou, Fujian, for about two years. At the age of sixty, he served as a Zhuzhou (now Changsha), and it was another two years. Guangzong Damn, Ning Zong's continued position, Zhu Zi is in the age of sixty-six years old, and he is called "Renewal". Zhu Zi only took the "university" in Ning Zong, and wrote a lecture to Ningzong reading. At that time, Han Han took the political power and expanded the private forces; Zhu Zi worried that he would like to blame the politicism, warned Ning Zong to fight him, and he took the avoidance of him. Ren waiters were refused for 46 days. And against the Zhu Zi's school, the big attack, the normally refers to the academic "pseudo-learning", saying that Zhu Zi is "against the party"; even framed Zhu Ziwei, and advocates the punishment to curf. In this way, Zhu Xue and Zhu Zi's peony have been hit by a great blow. This is the so-called "Qingyuan party disaster". However, Zhu Zi is still unyielding, still studying in Bamboo Forest. One of the objections of the eccordment of the avenue. In March for six years (AD 1,200), he was in Jiayang Qi Tingjia in Fujian, and he died in the teaching of the gangtong, and he was 70 in the year. In the past November of the same year, I was buried in Dalin Valley in Tangshi, Jianyang County. two
Zhu's life, from the age of nineteen, died in the age of seventy-one years old, in the past 50 years, the official is 14 years; but due to the digestion, the treacherous, or the resignation, Or no matter what you want. He is really unfortunate in political encounters. However, his achievements in education, but it is vibrating the ages, it is worthy of people's infinite. After Zhu Zi died, Han Wei was still unwilling, called people to make a rumor, saying that Zhu Zi's disciples will use the chance of funeral, and the martial arts; so when you are out of the time, if you are in the enemy, scare his student. But there is still a thousand people who are not afraid of Zhu Zi to participate in the ranks of the funeral. It can be seen that Zhu Zi is in his student's mind, how much admire! He has a student named Huang Gan (the word Director, "in the Zhu Zihang (Note), the spirit of tireless to the teacher, made the following:" Mr. "teaches people to college, On Meng, Mebei is the order of the road, and then after the adherence, I think that I don't have the university, I don't have an outline, and I don't participate, Meng, I am not integrated, and I am very intersive. Overthable. What is the establishment of a big book, and the scriptures of the world, and the matter of the world. It is also a matter of reading, but it is necessary to distinguish it. Play his words, seek righteousness, refactivating thoughts, to know what it is difficult to know, easy to listen to it, but you will be self-satisfied, distinguish the meaning, ignoring, and I didn't taste it. The cover also wants the scholar to be poor, and they are respectful. " . Ask if there is anything, then repeatedly, but did not taste it. It's hard to say that it is difficult to say that the law is difficult to worry about color. Speaking classic, brilliant ancient and modern, rate to night. Although the disease is separated, If you discriminate, then you will not talk about it. If you don't talk about it, you often think about worry. "" Shouting, far from the Sichuan. The passage of the word, streaming overseas. As for the absurens, also know Mu Hao, stealing his life. The poor hometown is late, the family is a book, the private Shui people, the number of people are not winning. Mr. is both, the scholar passed the book, and the people who believe in the priority, and it is also enough to see the meaning The touching people are also too. Contact to the sacredness of the sacredness, the unprecedented machine, the defense of the gains, the deceased, the mandarin, the heart, the cause of the cause, and what do you have to add this? To the astronomy, the ambiance, the law, the weapon, and it is also a machine micro. Wen word painting, Sao talent, exhaus and trivial gods, often ill, until the gentleman does not taste the use, and it is also moving the rope, It can be a fault. It is a non-shackled difference, the study of the credibility, Aneng things, all when he is physiologically, each makes it extreme? Taoism, morality, and see the matter It can be seen that Zhuzi is deeply loved by students. It is really not accidental. From the educational thoughts of Zhu Zi's life, in the words and deeds, he can show his greatness, and it is as follows: (Note 3)
(1) He believes that the purpose of education is mainly to promote the general scholars to make sages. The background of this kind of thought, of course, the enlightenment of Mencius "people can be 尧,", "尧, 人 同", near Cai Xi "Xi Sheng, Xixian", Yichuan "Saints can learn" , As well as the instructions of the world, for the people, for the people, for the sanctuary, for the Sheng Ji, for the United States, the United States. Zhu Zi once said: "The mortal must take the sages as your own responsibility. The world has more sages as high, and you are doing the same person, you can do it early, don't be divided into foreign affairs, not, for it. Some people together; they are both together with ordinary people, and they do not use the sages as their own responsibility. Since the opening, how many people have been born, they are asking for themselves, and they are not one of them. Just taking the same world. "(Language" ) Also said: "The Master's Miss, the Zi Zi, Zi Si, Menciic's Biography, is also learning." "Scholars want to stand, only to be a saint." "" Scholars, me It is also the so-called education, so the so-called education is to cultivate the sages. And cultivate the sages, the scholars must restore the nature of nature and the temperament of the husband. Zhu Zi was divided into humanity into nature and temperament. He said: "There is a nature of heaven, there is temperament. The nature of the heavens and the earth, then the Taiji is natural, and one is also one. The temperament is sexually transported, and the second gas is born. Also. "(Language) also said:" On the nature of the heavens, specialize in words. On the temperamentity of temperament, it is in the same way. "(Language):" According to a row, There is nothing. If the messen, it cannot be unfaviable. "(Language)" The humanity is good, only for the memorial, the interest is fainted. "He also said in the renewed collude:" At the beginning of hard, I've been thinking about it. It can change the temperament. "" If you are diligent, if you are diligent, do you indulge, you can't stand it? If you really caught tight, The test can also be found. "He explained the so-called" Ming Mingd ", and also said:" Ming Director, the income of people, and the virtual spirit is not true, there is all the universal. But for the gas. " If people want to be covered, they are sometimes fainted. However, their identity is not a tester. Therefore, the scholars are in the same time, and they will be completed in the beginning. "It can be seen that Zhu Zi believes the highest education. The purpose is to cultivate the sages, and the sages of the sages should be the main goal of "rescue" "complex" and "Daoxin master" as the main goal, that is, to develop a personality that perfect
(2) The method of teaching, it is believed that teachers should induce youth to work hard, it is: "Decent", "Respect", "Residual" (with respect), "Domestic", and "practice". Zhu Zi said in the language of language and "determined": "For the school must be first mission. If you have a job, you will learn the time. It is unprepolated, and it is not good." "Different people with the sage, it is not difficult to see The sages are true. Let's say that Zhengxin, I really want to be positive. Say sincerity, I really want to honest. Slim, Qi Jia, all are empty. Today's scholars, say Zhengxiang, but will be angry Say sincerity, I will be sincere; say that the sages are said to be sarcatic. Or pick the words, 掇 掇 文. So is learning, but what is it in his own? It is necessary to use it here. Today's friends, the unique music, the sages, the world can't go to the world, no him, just the heart is not Tila. "" The people learn, as for the self-reliance, not the material, There is between the daily use, so the people in the husband, the rich, can be prostured, the poor can be moved, the mighty can be succown? "These are important to Zhu Zi's spirit, and he believes that young students must be" sages " Selfishness. Zhu Zi also said that "perseverance" said: "I have to force it for the school. When I went to the work, I have to break and more consumable workfall, I don't make a sail, the party is in place. For learning, just support the water boat: Square stability Unexpectedly; and go to the ridges in the ridge, the boat is coming, can not relax, straightforward to support it, don't take a step. Let go of one step, this boat is not allowed. "" "" " Save Zhao, the Internet, the ship, the three-day grain, the selection must die, no heart. Therefore, it can break the Qin. If you are looking at it, you can't do it. " Poor test. If you don't do it, if you catch the wind, there is a lot of time? Today is this person, tomorrow is this person. Slack. Then "Respect": "Residual" is "use". Zhu Zi was included in the important cultivation method of "Residual" in life. He said: "People can save, it is true, Tian Li, no one, no point, no one." Zhu Zi's full book, II) "Night" is a block, the ear is not good, there is no idea, the heart is not thinking, then the end is respectful. Just fearless, do not dare to indulge, so the body and mind converge. If you have a fear, it is often, the weather is self-friendly. "From this point of view, Zhu Zi's so-called respect is an unmetentive, and the so-called main thing is unmetentive. . In other words, this heart must be mainly dominated, not in detaining in the quiet, not being able to think about the cloud, everything must be in conjunction with the sense of origin, not to violate, this is respect. At the same time, he believes that the farmers of Residual, in addition to the above-mentioned cultivation of "Know", "Storage" and "provincial inspections" two workers. Zhu Zi said: "The heart is just a heart, it is not a heart to heart. The so-called deposit, the so-called receipt, just awake." "" People only have the master, often wake up. "
"If you don't store it, you will not be a slaughter." "Scholars often use this heart, so that the rise in the day, then the evils are self-interesting. He is a bright, selfless He, will not worry, try to do it. "(Zhu Ziquan, two)" Poor "is the method of Zhu Zi teaches students" to know ", that is, the actual law of knowing. He believes: First, the poor must be thoughtful, thorough. Zhu Zi said: "The so-called poor, everything do things, the truth of each matter, the poorest need, if you see it, you won't see it, you should not pass." It is said that things are also true. If you have a lot of things, there is one, one is not. It is the end, it is not possible. "" Being known ", so ask for a real knowledge. Really know, it is necessary to see it. " "I know, the form, the ten things make nine things transparent, there is not transparent, maybe. One thing is only 9 points, one point is not, the most, the most." (Zhu Zi language)
Second, the poor must be gradually entered, starting from the beginning, gradually pushing to the alienation. Zhu Zi believes: "The Great, you must go from the process of adding yourself. Staying at your own home is already, then gradually pushing, this is the ability to work." I will pay attention to the beginning. ... but I'm going to be poor, naturally distinct. "
Third, the poor should be used as an important means. Zhu Zi said: "The bestness of the poor is to read." We talked about the level of the symptom, often not easy to understand, our self-contained extensive thinking. And the book is ancient sages to lectone, revealing the future. So we want to be poor, the reason is the best, the most recent road.
Fourth, the poor should continue to force, and the period can reach the obstacles. The world is a lot of things to end, so we want to be poor in one by one with a limited time and capabilities, it is impossible. Becident, he believes that the form is or the poor, as long as you have long long, today, one piece, one piece tomorrow, the day is a month, for a long time, we will reach the realm of the world. He said: "Tianli is in people, there is a mandate. University's way, in Ming Mingde, the people have this Mingde, although it is the material desire, this clearly does not have a trip. It must be gradually pushed from the spirit Will go, poor, I am also full. "(Zhu Zi full book, seven) He said in the university's completion:" University Benefits, must make scholars to the world, it is still Knowing the reason is poor, in order to be extreme. As for a long time, and once it is obvious, the table is crude, and the whole of my heart is very useless. This predicate , This means that it is also known. "He said that it is of course based on the theory of" sexual tools "and" one-purpose ". Regarding "Practice", Zhu Zi's student Huang Gan said inside the writings of the Zhu Zi: "It is also learning, the poor is in its knowledge, and the anti-downtime is actually actually," said: 知 不Respect, then fainting, there is no reason to return, and it is not worthy of respect, then the lazy is inert, and there is no reason. "Zhu Zi believes that the poor is, more advocated (ie, practice) and praise The main cultivation. He said: "Great to the disadvantage of today, let's speaking more about the practice, and the people who are dedicated to learn, and they do not know the practice of practicing, so that the intersection of the lecture is known. Keeping the day, and the other is between the mouth of the mouth, but it is impossible to say in the same day. " Ming. "(Zhu Zi total book three and volume seven) It can be seen that Zhu Zi believes that it is not good, that is, it is proven to be shallow, knowing is not a thorough. He attaches great importance to "implementation" and "efforts", it is better to say that Zhu Zi Chong Shang is talking about Zhu Zijin. Zhu Zi also said: "One of the people, should take things, ... should be in the hard work, it will be nearer, it is far from the far, from the crude to the essence, in order, and the day Some of the efforts. "(Zhu Zi full book volume four) Therefore, we can say this: Maybe the last move of the Zhu Zi School has" empty talk "this mistake, and Zhu is a thinker who is the most powerful. three
Secondly, we have founded the situation of Bailu Cave Academy from Zhu Zi to meet his educational ideals and education methods. He used this book as his own experimental experiment, he has personally served as "mountain long" (ie, dean of the Academy), determines the purpose of education, training, learning procedures, and cultivations and other procedures. These procedures are the famous "Bailu Cave Academic Sarrency Sarrency" in the history of education in our country.
(1) Father is a pro, the monarch is greeted, the couple have different, the long young is educated, friends have a letter. - The purpose of the right five teachers.尧 使 五 五 五 五 五 五 五 五 五 五 五 五 五. 五Scholars learn this, and the order of learning is also five-way. It's like left: (2) Bo, interrogation, cautious, obvious, and - On the order of right school. Learning, ask, think, distinguish between four, so the poor is also. If the husband is, it is self-cultivating, and there is also a need. It's like left: (3) words faithful, dedication, punishment, movement. - Right Slim. (4) Zhengyi, do not seek their profits. It is clear that it is not just. - Right to right. (5) Do not do it, do not do it. There is no need, and we will reverse it. - Right Tatrace. "The souvenir is ancient sages, so that the teachings are the meaning of the school. Mo will make the meaning of the meaning, to repair the body, then push and people; unspeak the manager to open, for the report, to fish name, Percuator. What is the scholar, it is irred as a scholar. However, the sage is the law of the people, there is a passage. If you have a sense of gratitude, you will be discriminated. If you know the reason, you will be inevitable. The rule of the fire is to set it out, and after the time, it will follow the next life, it is a scholar, it is already shallow. And it is a law, but not ancient people. Reflexible to this tang, and specialist from the sages, the people who teach people are the big end of the school, the regulations are like the right, and the sages are in the right. Zhu Jun is complied with the words, and it is responsible for the body. On the occasion, it is sure that it will be strict from the other. Otherwise, or because of this words, he will take it, so it will not be slightly The priests have also been thought of! "(Zhu Ziquan, seventy-four), this can be seen that Zhu Zi pays special attention to the education of" force practice ". The content of Bailu Cave Academy can say that the spirit of orthodox education has been summarized, and it has become a norm in future education. As the Ming Dynasty, Gu Xiancheng, in his Donglin Association, I said: "Zhu Zi Bailu Cave Academy's tutor is really good, to beautiful, reading people must be holy, you can get this range, we are The Donglin Academy has learned, but it is only to explain its truth, and it is imposed. "The impact on the descendants is so far, Zhu Zi's representative character, and his ideal of his business in Bailu Cave Academy It is a great relationship with the educational methods of special attention to practice. Zhu Zi founded the Bailu Cave Academy and opened the monk of the Southern Song Song. He often personally gave the students in class, and the student also took the beautiful spring forest to go to the mountainous scenery, while watching, discussing academic issues. Between teachers and students, they are happy. At the same time, it can be seen from Zhu's "university chapter in college sections": university chapter sentence: "The University of the University, the ancient University, the law of teach people. Covering the people from the sky, it is not With the nature of benevolence, it is still uniform, but it is not possible to know what to know, and there is a smart and smart, and it will live in it. Think of the junction of billion to teach it, it is complemented by it.
... The three generations of rhodes, their laws are enchanting, and then the guys, the guys, and the Lane, do not learn. At the age of eight, then from Wang Gong, as for the children of the people, they are in primary schools; and the teaching of sprinkles should be degraded, and the number of rituals of the ritual. And his ten five years, then since the people of the world, the Masters of the Gongqing Dafu, and the Junxiu of the Morti, all in the university; and the teaching of the poor is correct. Here, the school is teaching, the size of the size, so it is also. The husband is based on the school, it is broad. The technique of teaching, the following detailed details. Therefore, it is a teach, and it will be the rest of the people, and the people who are unrestricted are outside the birthday. It is no different from the people of the world. His science, there is no inherently inherently, the position is, and each is awkward. When this is ancient times, it is the best to be in the end, and the benefits of the future will be. / ..., if the song, Shaoyi, Introduction, the disciples, the junior school's boss, and this person, the success of the primary school, with the university's clear law, outside the extremely large scale And the detailed details of their show is also. ... and Mencius did not pass it; then the book is stored, and the knowledge is fresh. Since then, the common practice of ruling a chapter has been used in elementary school. He has not been taught, and it is too unnecessary. Other power surgeons, everything is said to be in the name of the fame; the flow of the people of the people, so fascinating people, stunning the benevolence, and there is a lot of time. Let their gentlemen don't want to smell the way; whose little misfortune is not allowed to see the Zezhi.盲 否, repeatedly sink, and the decline in the season, and bad chaos. "We will analyze the" Bailu Cave Academic Regulations "and" College Chapter Skate ", and it is more visible to Zhu Zi's education claim: (1) Why do you have education? Because of human nature, in the gas is not uniform, it is not possible to have education.
(2) What is the essence of education? In essence, education is educational, it is "replication". Relay is to complete "Rende". "Ren" is the "heart" full of "heart". Zhu Zi believes that "sexual buildings" but its program is just benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, and Zhiquan. Benevolence is the reason, the righteousness is the reason, the ceremony is respectful, and the intelligence is not reasonable. (Zhu Zi full book volume 47) Therefore, the essence of the so-called education is that it is not affected by the restraint and the blind manual, it can fully realize the hearts of the heart.
(3) What is the purpose of education? The purpose of education is to "tell the syndrome to practice the body and then push and people", and people want to make sages.
(4) Who should be educated? It should be educated by the intelligent intelligence of smart.
(5) How to teach? From the system, divided into primary and universities. From the method, it is divided into power and it. The procedures of the poor are divided into enforcement, interrogation, cautious, and distinguish. Task For the item, divided into slim, exercise and reception.
(6) What is teaching? From the second aspect, the primary school teaches "things" such as: sprinkling, the number of ribbons, the number of rituals. The university teaches "rationality," 理 理 正 正 修 修 己 人 人. Think of the five teachers from the perspective of Dermatics: "The father and son have a friend, the monarch, the couple is alone, the long-term sexy, friends have a letter."
(7) How about the students under education? Accepting the students who are educated, they all consciously know that they have "naturally inherent, the position is as", "each buried his head, and strives to learn. (8) those are wrong education? Reciting the territorism of the term; the teachings of unlucky, and the utilitarianism of the power surgery are all incorrect education.
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Zhu Zi's life, on the one hand, in the on-one, constantly studying, the study of the work, integrated all the students, has created a new ideological method, leaving us to our broad cultural heritage. Zhu Zi is not only a lot of work, but his writings are also very rigorous. He said: "I used to work hard, think about a truth, often like a wooden bridge, although it is between the millifier, but one lost, there is a danger of pinking bones." Because he is a small problem, Solemnly, refuse to let go, so I read it, I have not tried to relax, so I get the best and deep research crystallization.将 其 重要 下:
Title number of books Note Name Rolls University Clams Announcement Discollers 1 ○ University or Ask 2nd Mensus Confucius 20, Mencius 14 Middle Youth Chapter, Mencius Collection, Seven Docing, or Asking, Three Week, Yi, Yi, One, Middle, Senior, Senior, Easy (A Zhu Zi's fingertips, Cai Yuan Di's writings, one book, six (Cai Shen), Cheng Shi (the second-way suicide) two or five poems, the eight-range suits appendix one, the ceremony, the pass, the three seven yellow Yangtui, Continued two-nine-way foreign book (second-way foreign book) Yanping, I asked a two-year-old and farmers, two ○ nearly four (Lu Dongola), family gift (doubt) Er Yushan, a filial piety Look for a secondary school (Zhu Zi, Liu Zicheng), a group of college students, a child, a church, eight weeks, easy to participate in the test, a song, the words, the six-child, the two, the two Korean testifier, one ○ Taiji Map said that the story of the poem is a book. The two qualifications are the five-nine nine, the second eight-year-old name, the princes, the four Yulong source record, one six analogy (scattered) unnaing义 () Unnight Words (unspeakable) Unknown Menzi to be omitted (scattered) Five stories or ask (unity) 2,000 Chinese students (scattered) Unknown Mencius or ask (unity) 1 ○ In addition, the later generations The copy of Zhu Zi is as follows: Title of the number of books, the number of people, Zhu Zi, the first episode of the 12th Zhu Zi, must be a five Zhu Qi, the six-six Chinese, the whole private copy, the second Zhu Zi Economic Wenzheng, the seven-six Zhu Mind, the second Zhu Zi quotes four-in-chief Zhu Ziwen copied four Zhu Zi language recorded a two-five-year-old, Zhu Zi, two five, Zhu, the whole year, eight 八 文 文 子 集 集 三 三 三 三 三○ Zhu Zuo Class Eighteen Zhu Zi Book Qi Dynasty Sanwen Gong Dynasty Dating Liu Zi Li Zi 5 Zhu Zi Zuo Yixian Zhu Ziwen Ann Years Zhu Zi Lisheng Two-Three Zhu Zi Zuo Yiyi Zhu Zi Ding Text Copying Twenty Zhu Zi Suicide note one ○ 6
In short, the influence of Zhu Zi is very important and far-reaching in our culture. His four books have become the Bible of Chinese thinking; his poor is said to become the soul of Song Mingzu; his Bailu Cave Academic regulations have become the lyrics of education trend in seven or eighth years later. Some people have put him more than IMManuel Kant; because there is no Kant, the philosophy of Western Modern is inevitable; there is no Zhu, Dongfang's Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing seven, and eight hundred years of Confucian thinking will also Lack of focus. Indeed, in my history of education, I can directly chasing Kong Meng, but I only have Zhu Zi.
Note:
First: Bai Luyu under the five peaks of Jiangxi Luishan, Li Wei, Li Wi, Li Wi Brothers, studying in the mountain, raising a white deer as a companion, therefore named. At the beginning of the Song University, I have been run a hospital, and I was stopped, and the courtyard was unimpeded. Zhu Zi was in the Nankang army, launched a rebuilt Bailu Cave Academy. He personally served as "Mountain" lecture.
Two: Huang Gan (Zhai) Writing: "It is also written, and the poor is known, and the anti-downturn is actually actually," said that: 知 不 以, then fainting Surrounded, there is no reason to return; if you don't pay attention, you will be idle. If you have no reason. His respect, Mr. Mr. Mr., is the book of self-service, and the book of the Primary School. This. During the day, sit in a room, discuss the training, did not taste less. I have a heart, even more things, no reason. Save the heart to Zharijing, poor, this is the case of learning. All of them are of course, they are unable to have their own, but they are not easy. However, they are not easy to see, they don't want to do it. They are not sneakless, so the fear is more strict. At the time, the people who have an intriguing are more and more confident. Thinking, it is not sprouted, and the sense of consciousness is not true; things are connected, and the quality is not bad. There is no reason for people who want to be orthodox. Prejudice, not in a hurry, and the orthodox is 矣. It is also the way, there is too long and yin and yang, there is yin and yang and the five elements, the yin and yang five elements, then the Taiji Zhiguang has each. The hysteps of life, people are sexually. I feel that the things are good, and the reason is the heart. It is the kindness, righteousness, ritual, and Zhi's morality. It is a matter of embarrassment, shame, resignation, is endless , The shape is the use of the hand and feat, seeing things for the monarch, father and son, couple, brother, friend. Ask people, then people are not different; refinish, Displayed, the ancient and modern, stuffed the universe, there is no one, no one is very empty. Don't pay extremely frank and unrest, then do the best. Mr., can be described as a world Not there, the quality of the holy sages. Therefore, it is deserved from others, and it is the original and poorly cultivated, and the 圣 圣 圣;; 以 圣 体 天 地, 以The responsibility of reasoning, it is enough to inspect it, just enough to be a heavy, fortune is enough to make a wide, and the sufficient is extremely often. It is also true that it is also true. The things are endless, and they are also difficult to transit. This is not crude. It doesn't see them or the legacy; the table is the initial, it is not seen or different. It is deeply accomplished, and the holders are pure, strict Peace, the heart is not allowed to save, the righteousness is unreasonable, I am still endless, the years are limited, I will have a shortage of deficiency, the cover is new and new, I can't, and I'm also proposed, I am also proposed. Its leisure is not clear, deep clothes, scarves, squares, worship home temples and first haunted. Return the bookroom, several cases must be positive, books should be refined. His diet, 食 行 行 定 定 定箸 箸 箸 定 所 所 所 而 而 端 端 端 端 端 端 端 也 也 也 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行 行Self-to old, the cold, the whole summer, the blood, no need to have a must-have, the family, the family, the relatives are extremely filial, caress, between the, the inside and outside, the meaning of Ensheng, Yi Yi Yi Ru also. Its sacrifice, there is no more fiber, it will be sincere, it is not as good as the instrument, it will be happy to be happy. If there is no illegal, then it is good. Dead, mourning, 备, diet, Name.
Guests have never been encountered, and the family has no, often doing it. Learning, alienation must be worried; in the township, although it must be a little. Good fortune, ritual; Enlessless. It is self-contained, and it is enough to cover the wind and rain. If you have a career, the state of the state is the facility of the state, the statement of the charter, the draft of the draft, is a great magnificent, and it can be detailed. Although there is a walk, it is not possible to give it, but it will default, enough to pass the generation. It is said that the biography of the sages, is scattered in the context, the purpose of the Bible is unknown, and the Taoism is passing. So it is exhausted to study the training of the pool. At the university, the precocile, it will make up his legacy, don't follow the second; the program entry, it is clear. In the discourse, Mencius, the deepere represented the meaning, read and taste, such as killing the sages. As the poem, I would like to have the original meaning, attacked the end, and I have a deep in the ancients. Anyone who has a number of people, and its attention, its omission, the people of the people, the door of the German, the domain of the controversy, both have become very deep, explore the hidden, and have no remains. As for the word, it is not prepared, and it will sink, or you can't sleep, or you are tired of it. Therefore, the chapter is the meaning of the word, so that it is fine, it is ignorant, and it is easy to know. In the book, it is suspected of the hardships of this article. In Spring and Autumn, the suspected sacred heart is big, and it will never wear it. In the ceremony, the sick king is abolished, and the monolith is noted. Yule, then the last ruler did both dead, and turbid. It is several consensus, and it is also an discussion of the top, although it is not a book, but its big must be unique. If the history of the history, he came to the West Zhou, as for the five generations, the book of the Siya Ma Wencheng, the law of the spring and autumn, the view is not incredible, the original hand is in an orderly, the country is gone, the monarch See if it means. Zhou, Cheng, Shao, Zhang Zhi, so the completion of the Holy Taoism, lasted for a long time, micro-probilation, is not distant, and the invention is invented, and it is prevalent in the world. Tai Chi, congenital two pictures, fine silk booth, can't stand, for it, stripping the painting, and the next day, the Shengxian Yuno, not to die. Cheng, Zhangmen people represented their studies, and have a depth of being. See the dismissal, gentlemanship is the difference in it. By or knowing the small bias, it will be in the absenteeism, and it will be poor, not the short. Nanxuan, Zhang Gong (栻), Dong Ru Gong (Zuqi), with the same time, Mr., with the same channel, the friend of the music, the friend, or the knowledge, will also be relieved, and return. If you want to pass, the disease is annoying, thinking that it is not a text, you can grate, you can understand, you can create it into Germany, the deficiency of the deficiency, and the true truth, The words are said to the old Buddha. Scholars are simple, and the sages of the sages, donate the classics, rampant, rings, self-evidence.
(According to the mind of the land, the so-called "Jiangxi's" said "said" Jiangxi, "), the earlier, then Chongzhan, Tang, and append three generations so that his plan is good. (According to the school of Chen Longchuan, that is, the so-called "Yongkang utilitarian said") two says that it is easy, the senior is in the air, the lower person is smashing, whose harm is very light? Mr. is struggling, and it is not a chaotic to the world, so the scholar is embarrassed. Mr. teach people to get college, theory, Meng, and the moderate is the order of the road. Follow the intensity, and the purpose of the intention. However, it will not be extremely documented, why is it to establish a big book, and the scripture is a book, and it is the matter of the world. It is also known, but it will distinguish between the sound release, the chapter sentence, play his words, seek our righteousness, essence, and feel unfair, claint, to listen to it, For the truth, identify the glory, self-deception, and you will not taste the truth. The cover also wants the scholar to be defeated and respectful. From the taxi, it is suspected of being in question. It is not to tell, then the committee, but not tired. Asked if there is something, then repeatedly, but did not taste it. Division is satisfied with the words, and the enrollment is difficult to worry about color. Speaking of classics, brigadies and modern times, to night half. Although the sickness is born, it is discerned to the people, and then the bodies of Shen. Once you don't learn, you often think that worries. Shouting, far from the Sichuan. The pass of the text, streaming overseas. As for the absurin, also know that it is the same. The poor hometown is late, the family is savings, the private Shui people, the number of people are unable. Mr. is neither, scholars pass the book, believe in the people, and it is also enough to see the feelings of the people. Following the holy to the holy, the first, the unfair, the gains of the confirms, the mutual end of the way, the tomorrow, the people, the cause of the cause, and what do you add to this? If as an astronomy, the ambiguity, the law, the weapon, and it is also a machine. Wen word painting, Sao talent, exhauster God, often ill, until the sir is not trying, and it is also moving the rope, which can be the faction law. It is a non-possession of different, learning to be honest, Aneng things, all of them, each make it extreme? During the study, Dao Li, Dejian, and see the matter. "In recent years, due to the rapid development of tourism, invested, the development of heat is inadequate, many areas have a famous historical, celebrity, and political decisions. As a result, the competition and celebrities have triggered. Such as Jiangxi and Anhui strive in Tao Yuanming works in the "Peach Blossom" and Anhui Hefei to fight for the cemetery; Shandong has two counties to compete for the ancestral home of Wu Song; Zhu Xi is a generation of cultural hiisses in Chinese history. nest. Zhu Xi has an indelible impact in the history of Chinese ideas. After the Zhu Xi learned, after it became the official Confucianism, the Zhu Xi learned. The two Dynasties of the Ming and Qing Dynasties are all necessary to read and test questions with Zhu Xi's "four books". Japan has said Zhu Zi Xue as the emotional thinking, ruled for two hundred years; the most famous thinker Li Raixi, the most famous thinker in South Korea is Zhu Xi Zhongshi. Therefore, Zhu Xi is a thinker with international impact.
In this case, Fujian, Jiangxi, Anhui Province launched a battle for Zhu Xi. Fujian believes that Zhu Xi is born in Yuxi County, Fujian and has spent his life. His life is also a lot of time in Jianyang County in Wuyi Mountain, and finally died in the mys, buried in S. Now the momentum of Zhu Xi's mausoleum is magnificent, and has become a famous humanistic landscape of Wuyishan. At the same time, Zhu Xi also created the "Nanxi Academy" "Ziyang Academy" and "Tribut Academy" in Fujian, and he has led to study in the two books for more than ten years. Fujian, according to this, Zhu Xi is a typical Fujian, Wuyi Mountain is proud of Zhu Xi, built a lot of landscapes related to Zhu Xi. Jiangxi believes that Zhu Xi is two reasons for Jiangxi people: First, the Kuomintang government has returned Zhu Xi's ancestral place to Jiangxi, once a piece of Anhui will go back, but after the founding, Re-return to Jiangxi Province, so it is necessary to judge Zhu Xi's ancestral place in the existing administrative division; in addition, the other is Zhu Xi 's Bailu Cave to speak, Xiao Zong Emperor, the book, the emperor of the book, the emperor Its denominates. In 1989, the Tengwang Pavilion, which was rebuilt in Nanchang, and officially listed Zhu Xi in Jiangxi.
Anhui believes that first, we must see the attitude of Zhu Xi himself on the ancestral home. Zhu Xi repeatedly admitted that the ancient Huizhou Xin'an County, Xin'an County is his ancestral home, claiming to "Xin'an Zhu Xi", he returned to his hometown three times in his life. On the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Kuomintang government will march into Jiangxi. Although the Sino-Shengyuan after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zhu Xi is a historical figure. Anhui believes that it is still in the history of administrative districts in history. Further, Zhu Xi has created an important part of Huizhong in his hometown --- New Council, in the historical and cultural city, Zhu Xi also built two "Ziyang Academy"
For the presence of the public and reasonable, the mother said that the mother of the Huangshan Academy of Huangshan Academy believes that "Fujian said" comparable to the modern industrial civilization habits, that is, the birthplace is based; "Jiangxi said" with existing administration There is no reason to zone, and there is no reason; "Anhui said" is more in line with the traditional Chinese culture and habits of the Chinese, even now, the Chinese fill the form is also subject to ancestral home.
Although Zhu Xi's ancestral home is still continuing, the three provinces are not working hard, excavate Zhu Xi's school is not fat. Jiangxi published "Zhu Zi Journal", Anhui Zhengzheng's huge capital is prepared "Zhu Xi Complete Works", Fujian often held an international Zhu Xi academic seminar in Wuyishan.
