Today, I saw a article in 2004 at the end of the "21st Century Economic Report".
A few days ago, when we chatted, the most confused about education is two big words: one is "quality education", one is "education industrialization".
Seeing this article, I feel that the understanding of these two words is not clearer, but it is a bit more confused.
Applied education industrialization
2004-12-29 15:07:39 Source: 21st Century Economic Report
Our reporter Liu Wei internship reporter Guo Xiaoyu Beijing report
The situation becomes subtle.
In 2004, the Ministry of Education fully resists the concept of "education industrialization". Since the 2004 first reporter reception in the National Office of the State Administration, the senior officials of the Three Ministry of Education - Minister of the Ministry of Education Zhou Ji, Deputy Minister Zhang Baoqing and Wu Qi, have made a statement in different occasions deny or oppose "education industrialization."
The signal obtained by it is that the five-year education industrialization exploration test has been carried out, and is being corrected by the government. Some economics are even worried, this may lead to education reforms to walk back.
But when
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At the 2005 Ministry of Education, "Improve the Education Investment Mechanism, Improve Education Investment Benefits" was put on the eight key work as the next year.
Some scholars believe that emphasizing the "investment efficiency", in fact, to some extent, the subtle psychology of the Ministry of Education - On the one hand, it is strongly resisting the concept of educational industrialization by one-sided and demonization; on the one hand, it is emphasized after investment Benefits, look forward to some kind of return, this is actually a business philosophy.
Crime of "chemical"
The "education industrialization" that is negative by the Ministry of Education, and its concept is defined as all of the education industry. Some officials of the Ministry of Education believe that the education industry is a public welfare industry, so "" It is not responsible for the biggest marketization of education ".
In recent years, there have been three main reasons for the criticism of education industrialization to high --- education high-fee, education corruption, and education industrial bubbles.
Among them, compulsory education defines a fuzzy "miscellaneous fees" problem, and the "high-fees" issues of higher education outside the compulsory education are often hooked by public opinion and "chaos". Since there are also problems with the expansion of the gap between the domestic rich and the poor, some media claim that these charging problems have led to at least 10% of Chinese families that cannot pay high tuition fees. Therefore, the people live directly to violate the "education unfair" of the constitution.
On the other hand, in this year, a series of education corruptions represented by this year, mainly include scores and diploma trading, academic corruption, etc., these intuitive scans have made domestic education industries .
At the same time, university expansion, university merger, and university town circles movement, it is considered excessive foaming in the education industry. Some scholars said that due to the 2000 provisions of the Ministry of Education, colleges and universities are calculated according to the "25% of the average daily daily operating costs", so universities have taken the means of expansion, and the high-increasing capital cost is included in the cost of education. Then, then these bank liabilities will be married to the people, which is the "bubble" of the education industry.
In an interview with the Ministry of Education, the relevant personnel of the Ministry of Education said that the public's misunderstanding of the so-called "industrialization" is mainly due to the "Promotion of Promotion of Private Education". But in fact, private education, education service industry, is the development of education industries, not educational industrialization, is a part of education, or a combination of a link and market resource education. These have the provisions of laws and regulations, and they are not fully operated in business.
Tang Min, Chief Economist of the Asian Development Bank in China, expansion of the advocacy of the universities, and also pointed out to the media that education itself is a hierarchical, basic education, higher education and vocational education. Vocational education or lifelong education allows the market to solve or say more participation in the market. Basic education and higher education are not.
However, some scholars believe that the official is just some of the problems in the education reform, and guilty in "education industrialization", through the demonization, to shirk responsibility. The scholar who did not want to disclose the name believed that the concept of education industrialization was actually sneak. In fact, the intention of industrialization should be that if the country's investment is insufficient, there is a need to have a folk input. There are two main ways of civil investment, one is non-profit, one is a profit. In accordance with the "Private Education Promotion Law", these two input methods are legal.
In his opinion, thinking that education can not industrialize marketization, it is a very wrong idea. "Private Education Promotion Law" defines private schools as a non-profit nature, and limits its profits and a big mistake. Education is divided into various categories, such as piano classes, and education, but it is based on profit. New Oriental teaches English to make profits for the purpose, it is very good, and is welcomed by many students, then why can't you make profits?
Although this is only some of the projects in the education industry, but in fact, there is no concept that can play a "one knife cut". Do you say that the piano class is profitable, and it must be charged for compulsory education? This should be controlled by the Ministry of Education, rather than avoiding a certain vocabulary, can achieve the purpose of avoiding problems.
In addition, it is not necessary to make a profit of profit, but do not exclude the purpose of profit. Exclusion is unreasonable, various types of learning classes, counseling classes, as long as they do well, then what reasons are to exclude them.
The "Private Education Promotion Law" has a biggest obstacle for the restriction of profit, called reasonable return. Even the tobacco industry has no reasonable returns, and the education industry must limit this, which is not reasonable. What is reasonable, and it will not be discussed when developing this law. A party is willing to collect, a party is reasonable, no fake and shoddy, no red envelopes, this is reasonable. This is the same as other items. This requires management of the competent unit, not limit.
Where is the education industry?
At present, we must continue to develop the educational industry and don't go back. It is a matter of urgent to solve the current three problems they face as soon as possible.
First of all, some scholars believe that from the focus of 2005, it emphasizes the "improved education investment efficiency", which is a matter of violation of the concept of "education industrialization" in the Ministry of Education. "Improve education investment benefits" means that it should be operated in market. This has improved the efficiency and has an investment channel.
But this is not equal to the operation of education to fully market, the main line of education, that is, basic education should be compulsory education, and marketization is just an aid. If there is a special venker is willing to buy better education, then this demand is achievable; and ordinary people enter public schools, which is made by the state.
The focus of this is that basic education and higher education must be seen separately. Higher education is an additional education, mainly to see if your income can be paid, but for the poor, excellent children can help them through the relief means. The state should improve the system of conducing and student loans as soon as possible. The poor child of the score line should find a way to allow them to go to school, this is a problem that the relief system needs perfect, rather than the sin of education industrialization.
On the other hand, for children who are not score, if rich parents are willing to make money, you can make him go to school, this is the folk commonly known money to buy scores. Its reason is that there is no more reasonable arrangement. On the one hand, it is not enough to expose, on the one hand, the government's cost is not enough. Under this situation, the school income tuition fees, and the parents are willing to come out, this is reasonable. If you completely boycotten the money to buy a score, the score is not enough, but they still have the right to study, which in turn involves another "education unfair". But this process must institutionalize, transparent. The North Airlines scandal is not a disaster that is not transparent. In addition, there is not enough management in the domestic research integration. According to foreign approaches, some provisions have a part-time job that must be related to this major, and how much time cannot be exceeded, it cannot be fully placed. However, the current situation is that some domestic teachers have searned sea, which is unfavorable. However, this is not much related to the education industrialization, but it is only lacking effective management of teachers, no matter what,
Should let
The teacher focuses on teaching and research.
What should be determined is that the Ministry of Education is emphasizing the "lead direction of education", especially basic education, cannot fully industrialize, but should use industrialization as an aid, this point of view is correct.
Because this auxiliary industry is small in the overall structure. Allow this small proportion of existence, it not only meets the needs of the market, but also reduces the burden of the country. Originally, the country has to spend money to cultivate this batch of children. Now this batch of children go to private schools, reducing the government's burden.
But higher education, especially vocational education, can be industrialized. There are currently many vocational education that have been industrialized. In my country, many vocational schools are also the government, but the charge is relatively high, many students are unwilling, so they are facing insufficient enrollment. This is because these schools have problems, using state-owned enterprises, eat government big pot rice, do not take care of the market, no matter whether the employment problem after graduation, no matter whether the curriculum is suitable, this school is definitely reform.
In addition, some famous universities do in the road of education industrialization, maybe I can give us some inspiration.
Stanford University has opened up industrial parks, making their own teaching, scientific research achievements and industrial parks in two-way interaction, advancement, this is the famous Silicon Valley Science Industrial Park. Silicon Valley is not only one of the largest manufacturing centers in the United States, but also provides a large number of employment opportunities for graduates from Stanford University.
Multi-inter-disciplinary, cross-school laboratories and research centers, established a landscape connection between collaboration and scientific and technological achievements in collaboration and scientific and technological achievements, and formed in the United States and enterprises. , Huge economic potential, Boston Center.
China's education is going to develop well, education is not a world. The government should increase investment in education, and on the other hand, the door should be greatly opened.
