1. Linux Advantages: Get full play the function of the PC, the tricks are very much, it is fun, and the performance of all aspects is good. Disadvantages: It is too freedom, so that it is diverged, maintenance is more troubles than FreeBSD (for the average person). -> Suitable for "playing PC", more than "play Unix (Network)". 2. FREEBSD Advantages: Very Unix, Very Free, Very BSD - Unix Ideal !! Disadvantages: Too many unix, so hard to get back, it is very difficult to close, you have a good service for unix, have a good business service People; also ideal OS for Programmer. FreeBSD Core Team is not deliberately ignoring the "convenience of getting start", just limited humanity, putting the main bet on the "UNIX flavor". FreeBSD's demand for hardware is not too strict, people who have just contacted, it is recommended to use the "most general" hardware, like: IDE (BIGFOOT), Ne2000 Compatible Hap, S3trito64, the most bad 14 Inch VGA, (atAPI-CDROM). If you want to explain, I hope that people are interested in freebsd, don't buy some hardware that "too high-grade (or strange: p)", when you can't put it, how is freebsd so bad ^^; you can think I want to try my own PC how much thing, still really enter UNIX world :-) === Why choose freebsd ?! === Um ... there are many free i386 UNIX (at 386 Unix implemented by PCs, such as Linux, NetBSD, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, 386BSD, etc. How do you choose to belong to your UNIX? Have more than three years of UNIX (a year and a half Linux, two months netbsd, two years freebsd The author can only tell the author's personal opinion in an informal statement, I hope that these opinions do not argue warfare. Linux is easy to get started and fun homework system, but also today's most people play, just because it is too good, as long as the hard body is not problematic, it is closed, so if you are the novice of i386 UNIX, this can be said It is the best test stone you get started. NetBSD supports 13 hardware architectures, which is also its strength, regarding Multi-Platform's model. Therefore, I386 is only one of the 13 kinds in it, and it is naturally unable to achieve full development, and the Core Team is not active, so hardware support in I386 is not very good. OpenBSD originated from NetBSD, just out of half a year, specially put the new features of NetBSD with FreeBSD to fix the mixed blood, due to the small number of Core Teams, plus program code is very small, so It is still unclear now. FreeBSD is based on 4.4 BSD-Lite, but FreeBSD only supports I386, so it is much better than NetBSD / OpenBSD, which is better than NetBSD with FreeBSD, later family .
FreeBSD has a general BSD system stable, and has learned many advantages from other operating systems, coupled with its own new functions, and sometimes improved the algorithm to increase execution efficiency, and now it is the best in the free BSD series. The most important thing is because Core Team is active and willing to accept the opinions of the user and improve it. * What is Core Team? Core Team is an organization specializing in the development and maintenance of the original program code. Linux does not have Core Team, NetBSD / OpenBSD / FreeBSD. The advantage of Core Team is that the original program code will be consistent, and there will be an organization's updated, but the vitality of the entire OS is also in the hands of Core Team, which is the reason why NetBSD can't be prosperous in the eyes of the author. Without Core Team (such as Linux), the benefit is that everyone can express their own amendments (PATCH) does not need to be reviewed by the Core Team, but the disadvantage is that Source Code is messy and may not be synchronized. So when Linux is updated, it is necessary by the user to pay attention to Kernel, GCC, Library, Net-Tool, Modules, and even a variety of Kernel Patch versions. (Perhaps the Rethat Linux has been slightly better) and these poor situations do not happen in FreeBSD. * What kind of OS want to see your own needs and abilities, there are not many people who have been played around, many of them, multiple packs, I feel that it is true! In fact, as long as you are not afraid of Format Hard disc , Eat, what to do, put it a few times?) 1. The most important thing in the stability of a homework system is stability, how long can it be booted continuously, how many system loads can endure, online unstable Will not be taken, the network load is too large, the network will not die, the author feels FreeBSD> Linux. In particular, many studies have been proposed, Linux performance is quite bad under high system load, and FreeBSD will not. To know the world's largest FTP site - wcarch.cdrom.com is a Pentium Pro machine running FreeBSD (P6-150, 512MB RAM, 72GB HDS Online More Than 1200 FTP Users Allowed) Note: Wcarchive.cdrom.com = FTP.cdrom.com 2. Network competition (Packet) speed, in addition to the quality of the online card, the most important thing is the work system with the drive program, use the same network card Freebsd> Linux >>> DOS NCSA. And FreeBSD is stable and fast than Linux on RPC and NFS. After all, BSD is a ancestor in this regard. 3. Easy to transplant software The general software is mostly written for BSD, so general software will easily compile on the SYSV. FreeBSD is 4.4bsd based, Linux is Sysv plus BSD-EXTENSION, so compiling things on Linux is sometimes a dream (not very sysv is not very POSIX). But now more and more software will pay attention to Linux, because Linux users are too much. Freebsd has ports that collect hundreds of software, as long as you make Make, you can easily compile, or have compiled binary to install it directly.
4. Hardware support Linux supports the most hardware, NetBSD, and freeBSD clips in an urgent challenge, and many freebsd's Driver is quite awkward, but later transplanted to NetBSD with Linux. 5. Merged VM / Buffer Cache Linux's disk I / O speed is first-class, because one Linux's ext2fs is async-mount, do not have to update Meta-Data when writing materials, the main thing is Linux will put the current The memory that is not used is to do I / O buffer as much as possible. Generally, traditional BSDs (such as Sunos, NetBSD) have only fixed size buffers, while FreeBSD has developed Merged VM / Buffer Cache similar to Linux, which greatly increases the efficiency of I / O and memory utilization, and now FreeBSD has supported support Async-mount makes FreeBSD's archive system already or even better. 6. TTY Limits Now Linux To use more than 64 TTY, in addition to the original code of the application, you must also do kernel patches, and freebsd internal support TTY [PQRSPQRS] [0-9A-V] a total of 256 TTY, as long as Under the DEV, use MakeDev to build TTY, add the new TTY settings in / etc / ttys to the Kernel Config File, it is better to use more than 256 TTY, it is easy to modify. 7. The full original program code acquired the SLACKWARE version of the average person is organized by Slackware, so the average person must obtain the complete original program code must be in the east, which is also a big amount of Linux in Nctuccca's mirror. However, Linux users can not find their own original code, if there is no company that organizes Linux packages, and those who help Linux development system tools and Chinese libraries, Linux is composed of only Linus written KERNEL, but the biggest The problem is also the problem of the "Dongdong consistency written by each home. However, the new redhat has provided a simple software synchronization and update method - RPM, is also a slightly ignition of the severity of this type of problem. FreeBSD provides complete system original code, / bin / sbin / usr / bin / usr / sbin / usr / lib ... or even / etc / usr / share / faq is in it, so you can change yourself If you want, you can also get the latest Source to make Make World when you need to update your system (of course, you can also use Core Team to do a good binary), which will even check if the permissions of each directory are correct. Simple, it is very organized! Using binary to upgrade as long as it can be completed in less than an hour, even written Script can be used. 8. Directory Archive Organization FreeBSD According to 4.4BSD specification, what file should be there, what permissions should be, compiled (link) is static or Dynamic, is very rigorous, and there is absolutely not less.
Unlike Linux, write the kernel one, write library, another one, write manpages and another, to organize Utility is another, each is evolving, often the file is put or revitalized, MANPAGES is incomplete, many directory files for the new and old version Compatibility and Link to Link. 9. System Security FreeBSD Using Shadow Password, support Secure NFS, unlike Linux to install Shadow Password, compile FTPD, and Sudo will change. Because the US version of the DES prohibits output to the United States, FreeBSD uses MD5 encoding on the password system on the password system, which is safe than the SUNOS class, if you don't run NIS with the SunOS class. You don't have to install DES. If you want to use DES, you can install the free-flowing DES version (non-USA version), there is any FTP station that can be obtained in /usr/share/faq/text/freebsd.faq, or to Taiwan . In addition, FreeBSD's login control, as well as file security level protection is better than other job systems. FreeBSD's Core Team will pay attention to Source Code synchronization with Security, a new problem or sendmail vulnerability, will immediately update the program, which has reached the best system security. 8. Core Team Active FreeBSD's Core Team is very active and modesty, driving the entire FreeBSD rapidly, there is a new patch every day, let the user automatically update the original program when it is scheduled to be set. 9. 4.4BSD-Lite based Based Since FreeBSD is based on 4.4BSD-Lite, there is a lot of BSD benefits, like network speed stability, easy to transplant software, safe and fast. 10. Advantages from Linux FreeBSD is transplanted with Linux's Dosemu, and can even perform Linux's Binary (Linux Emulator), and some drivers that transplant Linux support. 11. Support LKM FreeBSD support loadable kernel module, that is, many drivers can do not have to do it when compiling Kernel, once you want to use, Kernel will automatically /LKM/*.o to load this driver, which can improve flexibility And reduce the memory space used by kernel. Future FreeBSD will move toward LKM Device, just like Solaris, you don't need to compile Kernel. :) 12. Execute Gzip's program freeBSD can execute Gzip's program, if you get all the execution files Gzip, don't be equal to the same STACKER / DOUBLESPACE ?! :) 13. Line monitor Kernel Support Tty Snoop You can monitor the online user (unlike Linux half tuning TTYSNOOP, it will cause many problems). 14. Many file systems support MFS (MEMORY FILE SYSTEM), similar to SUNOS TMPFS, there are many 4.4BSD definition file systems such as LFS, NULLFS, Portalfs, Umapfs, Unionfs.
15. INTERLEVED SWAP When you have more than one SWAP device, it will be used at the same time to increase speed (especially when using SCSI devices), not like Linux. 16. New SLICE Concepts New SLICE Concept makes FreeBSD a lot better than traditional BSDs, and it is also easy to install. 17. Binary Compatibility FreeBSD can perform Binary Code, which increases NetBSD-Static, BSDI-Static, Linux-a.out / ELF, SCO-Static, etc., increasing a lot of compatibility. 18. CCD (Software RAID) Concatenated Disk (CCD) Driver allows you to have strip, mirror, and even Parity and other RAID Cards. 19. Support of multi-language support FreeBSD is the best in all free operating systems, and even have an Asian language (Chinese, Japanese) installation interface. 20. The organized original program FreeBSD program developers will refer to the various RFC specifications and new theoretical literature in writing, so the formal code of FreeBSD is clear; the opposite Linux often walks in an emergency Things written out in shortcuts, you must change it when you finalize new features. However, over time, Linux, * BSD will progress, and it is more and better for free operating systems. In general, if you need a stable and fast Internet Server, FreeBSD is your absolute choice; if you are using or just want to learn Unix, Linux is very good with FreeBSD. The Linux floating table has been four years, while FreeBSD has many people's population (especially servo, and program developers) in just two years, the master's choice must have his truth. I have used FreeBSD, "PC is not just a very cheap workstation" :) However, Linux's advantage is "fun", and many things are getting more and more stable with Kernel. We started using Linux two years ago, using Linux as Mail, Acounts, FTP, Gopher, Terminal, PPP, SLIP, BBS Servers, recently joined WWW Server, serving hundreds of teachers and students. There are already several Linux PCs that have been operated together, including NFS, with WinNT, Win95 connection and resource sharing (by samba packages), we also test one of them to interact with Novell Server. We are also online Will not exceed 100 people, use Linux to deal with more than enough. If you want to open a BBS big station on the line, it may be more suitable for FreeBSD. However, if you come back, you can open this quarter unit. Most of the sun or other Workstation level. Another advantage of Linux is that the world's Linux users far exceed FreeBSD, which makes the new soft body DRIVERS update and speed far exceed FreeBSD. For example, Dosemu can simulate DOS, Wine can simulate WINDOWS 3.1, SMBFS can use the Partition on Win95 or Winnt: These are still in development in FreeBSD, and there is no.
This is also true for new computer hardware Drivers, almost any new hardware will have Linux fans to help you write Drivers. If you have used FreeBSD with Linux, you will find that FreeBSD is currently "strict" on hardware requirements (in fact, no one wrote Drivers). I use the Scanner, and Voice Modem already has Linux pruts, so I can scan on Linux and a voicemail. My personal suggestion is that if you are personal, or online at the same time is not more than 100, Linux is indeed fun and practical, and new hardware can almost use it on Linux. If you want to stand up to hundreds of people, there is no money to buy Workstation, and the freebsd is really a good time. If it is an individual to "play", I don't recommend FreeBSD, which will make you feel unsatisfied (purely personal view). In CSIE Gopher, there is a comparison of freebsd on FreeBSD comparison EASY. But this Comment has a large number of linux users, I feel that there is already a change in Linux, because many softs are simply written in Linux Fans, but use these things to need additional Be careful to be used in FreeBSD. Dosemu, SMBFS is a few examples. According to recent NEWSGROUPS, FreeBSD Core Team has more than 50 people, but Linuxfans spreads the number of Programmers in the world. If you have a heart, you can know that Linux is known to FreeBSD Announce NewsGroups. So, I don't agree with a unix newcomer to play freebsd. However, if someone has already played Linux, or there has been simple management experience in other workstation machines, then they will find FreeBSD to start. People who have played FreeBSD must know how to add partitions is already a trouble. A FreeBSD's FDISK interface is not as good as M $ DOS, and you can see Newbie, which doesn't understand the LS, CP, and Tar. Another motivation is if you have to have an overwhelmed Internet Server, and that freebsd is current Best Choice. Actually, if you have a heart to play, you can get a big hard disk, and install two systems, you can get water like a fish. There is also a FreeBSD in my office, one Linux, everything doing everything, is also very happy. . . .
