http://www.erpsalon.org/forum/showthread.php?s=&threadid=3370
ERP should be produced as the core, this is recognized in the industry. But how to produce as the core? There is little detailed discussion. The root cause is the 'detailed production schedule' this technology bottleneck. 'Detailed production scheduling' can also be said to be a 'production work plan', which is important. The process of developing production plans is generally divided into two parts, first in the production of a master production plan, followed by the main production plan to generate a production work plan. To get the 'primary production plan' is generally from orders, some companies are from market forecasting, out of production quantity, basically manner, in decision, human factors, is absolutely role. There will be some special calculation methods for industries or enterprises in this process. After some statistical analysis of four arithmetic, ERP software should be dual development, but there is basically no technical problem. However, the light-owned plan is far less than enough. A simple master production requirement, it is to automatically decompose it into complex, specific production work, which is a detailed production schedule, which is the most critical part of the ERP system, which is the true core function of ERP system. . Only from complex, specifically, detailed production work plan can reflect the existence of 'R-resources' in the' ERP Enterprise Resources Plan '; only from this detailed production plan' feasibility 'and' optimization ', You can reflect the value of' P - Plan '. With the 'resource', there is a 'plan', is a real ERP system. Generally speaking, the more detailed production of production work plan, the more information it gives, the more valuable, the more difficult it is calculated. The more rough the production operation plan, the closer the main production plan, the less information, the lower the value. Companies always want to automatically get as detailed work plan. But ERP encountered a real technology bottleneck in this regard. As we have seen, almost all ERP production management started from the four-way computing, focusing on the BOM to resolve the MRP material demand plan, then solve the record and statistics of the production process. It is the most weak, and the most innovation is the most important work plan. If you want to prove this, you will find an interesting phenomenon that you will find out how you are in full swing, regardless of how the ERP software is in full swing. The production operation plan on the workshop or production line is still in the original most original way - most of the time is experience, sometimes it feels playing, plus small amounts of Excell The tool's report is operated, although it is stupid but effective. The ERP function is reinforcing that it seems that it will not be here. As a result, the surface wind fire of ERP and the most critical operation of the company have failed, and a large pile of problems derived from this fault has become a dead knot. One of the most prominent: Enterprise production scheduling is to provide reasonable arrangements for the company's best production resource - personnel, equipment, venues, etc., according to their ability. However, the upper ERP does not consider these resources and their capabilities, or if the production capacity is unlimited, or in accordance with a person-defined bottleneck resources. This key contradiction cannot be solved due to the existence of ERP technology bottlenecks, and the prospect of ERP can be described as an optimistic. So, is this difficult? Why can't many famous brand ERP companies provide this basic feature? What is the ERP technology bottleneck? Answering this question, you have to do this job directly from your business - the duties of production schedules. A company's production scheduling personnel, first of all, it is to be rotated about the production process of the company, which is to understand how companies produced, including each detail, which is the most basic prerequisite for production schedules.
Similarly, ERP must do the same thing to achieve the same premise: clear understanding how companies are producing, each detail is not bad! This may not be difficult for one person, but for a ERP system is a very difficult thing! Some people call them into business modeling, which is far from establishing BOM, which involves intricate production information in addition to material, in addition to material, resource, time, logical relationship, technical parameters, cost and other intricate production information. The modeling method of different enterprises in different industries is more different, which is the first technical difficulty. And the chemical industry of discrete production models, the chemical industry of the automotive industry and process production model, the great difference between the pharmaceutical industry in basic production methods, even in different companies, different companies, their production methods in the details There is still a big difference. Is a set of ERP systems to accept this difference without changing? It is difficult to technical! Only develop a dedicated production version for each industry, it is necessary. But can the industry version have to be unfair in the enterprise? The big industry version is generally unable to meet the details differences in the industry-specific category, such as the pharmaceutical industry to the 'preparation drug' and 'raw drug', production methods are still very large, need to develop more sub-points of small category . However, different companies in the same category have their own production characteristics. Secondary development for different enterprises is similar to writing the company's production characteristics to the program. It is not to mention any changes to the production system to invest huge manpower. Software companies are difficult to accept frequent and complex secondary development requirements. It is not necessary to say that once the company's production process has, it is difficult to cope! Many business production processes will change every few days, and software companies cannot rewrite the code every day. The strain method can only be reduced to the company's requirements - the production process modeling is approximated, it is about to be almost the same. The key is that the user will not be satisfied? I still can't use it for a long time, the loss is too big. Therefore, in addition to the theoretical researchers of some institutions, the domestic ERP manufacturers have not tried the first door to model the detailed production process modeling. Establish a production model, so that the software accepts the detailed production process of the company, which is really troublesome, but it is not unable to complete, the real difficulty is in the next step: the detailed work plan is obtained according to the model and production request, which is the detailed production schedule. The true technical bottleneck of ERP occurs here. The result of the detailed production schedule is the 'production operation plan', which is a work plan for the production resource of each person. The job plan must meet a half-point error in the production process. First, a specific logical relationship must be met, as well as certain processes must be continuous, or at the same time, or intervals, etc., this is the most basic requirement for the work plan. Second, the operation plan must meet resource capacity restrictions, and a resource can only do one thing in a time, and there is no resource conflict in the production operation plan. Finally, the job plan must meet the limitations of material supplies, no raw materials cannot start production. That is, the work plan must meet a variety of complex constraints. The TOC constraint theory has long been, just a relatively advanced algorithm and mathematical theory, and long-term investment will be harvested in this regard. Therefore, there is still little studies in the domestic theoretical community. With the plan calculated according to the TOC theory, do you have a corporate production process? Unfortunately, this is still very far away. Now let's explain with an imaginary example. A ERP production scheduling system has successfully accepted the entire production details of a company, and a set of production operation plans were printed into a job plan for all production resources.
Now, it is possible to decide this ERP program system by an experienced old scheduler. How will he do it? First, he will check the time schedule of each process one by one, see the order and logical relationship between them, is not the logical relationship requirements of the company's production process; secondly, he will observe the arrangement of each resource in this plan is not reasonable. There is no time to do two live conflicts; finally he depends on the planned time in the planned time. These have no problem, he must admit that this plan is already a 'feasible' plan, that is, the program can be done to complete the production task. However, there is a key thing, and the old schedule is manually developed by his habits, and he has handled the two programs and found problems. Handmade plan can complete all work in 8 hours, while the computer's plan takes 9 hours. Or manual plan can be done at 8:00 and the computer's plan is to be completed at 9:00. The reason is that although the computer's order of the computer is feasible but unreasonable, and the old dispatcher has long, according to the long-term experience, what should be made first, which one is better, and what is better, the result can get a shorter time to complete plan of. This is an optimization arrangement, and the computer does not find this arrangement method, so the computer gives a 'feasible', but 'is not good' plan! Ideally, computer should automatically calculate a better-optimized extensive and more optimized exemption program, how to work. Such software can reflect the power of the 'Enterprise Resource Plan' '. Otherwise, ERPs that cannot meet the optimization schedule are still unable to replace manual in business production. This exemplary example enlists a worldwide key technology bottleneck: a production process may have an endless arrangement of 'feasible', but you must find a 'optimal' plan, even if you can't achieve the best, at least It is better than the man's manual plan, this is a set of available production scheduled software, otherwise the company can not use it. Finding the difficulty of the 'feasible' program is already large, finding the 'optimization' plan is more difficult. Not only should be dealt with an intricate constraint, but also from almost infinitely a variety of possible solutions to find optimized schemes. How can I find this optimization plan? This is the true bottleneck problem that the ERP system faces is a worldwide technical problem. The key is that the algorithm is based on the basis of the algorithm, especially the vector matrix technology in the high-level diagram, discrete mathematics and linear algebra. In this regard, foreign efforts have been made abroad, and its research results have formed multiple 'APS advanced production scheduling' products, which develops dozens of advanced production schedule algorithms, more commonly used: heuristic graph search Law, taboo search method, neural network optimization, genetic algorithm, etc. These algorithms have its own advantages and disadvantages, which can be used in different occasions. Different new algorithms are still booming. Using a sentence to describe the main function of the APS: You can automatically give the extension programs that meet multiple constraints, manual schedule cannot be found. In fact, the key is the two concepts of 'feasible' and 'optimization. This is very simple to say, mainly reflecting that it can bring the following critical changes to traditional ERP: 1) For enterprises, without increasing production resources, play the current resource by maximizing current resources The ability to achieve the goal of improving the production capacity of the company. 2) The results of the APS scheduling gives precise material use and output time, variety, quantity information, and use this information to make a number of related companies or branches, workshops, together with a 'SCM supply chain' system, Maximize the stock of each company. 3) APS can be used as a basis for production decisions. Its schedule calculation results can be used as a production plan, and can also provide production decision-making basis for enterprises by continuous What IF 'trial'.
