Application of Software Component Technology in MIS Development
(This article is reproduced from Software Engineering Expert Network www.21cmm.com)
Soft component technology overview
The industrialization trend in the software industry has led to the generation of soft components. To be able to combine some software to build a software system like a hardware system, it has always been the goal of the software industry for many years. Especially for the development of many applications (such as MIS systems in many industries and units), if the actual situation of the system can make full use of existing software components, production efficiency will greatly increase production efficiency, reduce a large number of repetitive labor. It can be said that the emergence of soft component technology is a change in the traditional software development process. Component is a reused software composition ingredient, which can be used to construct other software. It can be packaged object classes, class trees, some functional modules, software frameworks, software frameworks (or architectures), documents, analyzers, design patterns, etc. In general, soft component technology is based on object-oriented, the plug-and-play soft component concept, which can be used immediately, through the combination of components to establish a technical system. Speaking narrowly, it is a general name of the development environment and system that supports applications through components. We can classify components in multiple sides: according to development process components can be divided into analyzers, design, program parts and data parts. According to the function, it is divided into three layers: the base layer is the basic data class component and the system support member; the intermediate layer is a variety of universal middleware; the top layer is a special component or subsystem component for various fields. From the particle size, the particle size of usually the bottom layer is small, and the top layer is large. During dynamics and static in use. The structure of the component is divided into an atomic member and a combined member aggregated by a plurality of components. In this new software development method, software companies provide specifications of soft components with development software. System integrators summarize headers, combining soft components that can complete different functions, and make their own core technical components. It is the division of work between the two, and the industrialization of the software industry has gradually introduced successfully.
At present, software products developed by soft components have been introduced, and the mainstream is the product headed by the United States, Japan. The time launched by the development tools adopted by their thoughts is less than five years. Therefore, the user who truly uses the soft component is also still countable. Although the soft component technology still has a lot of immature, people believe that the benefits of soft components are unmeasureable, which represents the development direction of new generation software technology. The traditional MIS development method is from the bottom-up method and the auto-down method from the bottom to the early computer management application system, that is, when systematic analysis and design, first, first from the underlying module, then gradually Complete the entire system. Since the bottom of the Act, the development of MIS is easy to adapt to the true needs of the organization; helps to discover the growth needs of the system, and the experience gained will help the next phase of development, easy control and management. However, due to the evolution of the method, the MIS is difficult to achieve the overall nature; at the same time, due to the system's failure to ensure that the system is not guaranteed; and in order to ensure the need for system performance, it is often necessary to re-adjust, and even Redesign the system. With the expansion of MIS planning and summary and summary of development experience, the top-down system analysis methodology has gradually developed and improved. Since the top-down method requires developers to first develop the overall planning of the system, then gradually separate the highly structured subsystems, and achieve the entire system from top to bottom. Using this type of method can lay the foundation for the mid-term or long-term development plan of enterprise or institutional MIS, while supporting MIS integrity, providing guarantees for the overall planning of the system, the coordination of subsystems. However, it also has a disadvantage: the system analysis, the design personnel require high, in large systems, the implementation of the underlying system is often lacking, the period is long, the system is complicated, and the cost is higher. The core of the rapid prototyping prototype method is prototype, namely model, is an early running version of the system. As the user or developer is deepened to the system, the prototype is constantly supplemented and refined. The definition of the system is done in the process of gradually discovery, which is the basic starting point of the rapid prototype method. The development process of the rapid prototype method reflects the continuous iterative rapid modification process, which is a dynamic definition technology. The biggest advantage of rapid prototyping is to greatly reduce the post-maintenance cost of software systems, so that system functions can correctly reflect the needs of users. The deficiency of prototype itself and this method is that if the prototype itself is not complete, the performance is not good, it will cause the prototype design and use exceeding the expected cost and time. Another key is that prototypes require a suitable software development environment so that prototype can directly convert into a reality system.
The above methods have their excellent disadvantages. "Since the bottom up" method, it is only partially part of the overall grasp; "Self-top" method is long, the effectiveness is slow, the flexibility and adaptability; the rapid prototyping method has a significant advantage, but Because of its support of rapid development tools, it is no longer necessary to have many system developers. Therefore, through the study of soft component technology, we propose a new development method - building block method. Developing a MIS system using a soft component technology to develop a MIS system for a building block method is similar to a wooden process. It is generally the overall framework of the system, and then constructs each component and sequentially mounted into the system. The building blocks overcome the rapid prototyping method requires the shortcomings of the quick tool support, and it is replaced by software componentization technology to construct the system. Most MIS systems, there are similar situations, so the reuse techniques using software can greatly simplify the development process. The proposal of the building block is based on this idea. The building blocks are derived from the system's overall framework, the overall frame, the modification of the overall frame, the structure, and the modified member, etc., all of the same "soft member collection", which is also known as "soft component library" . In the development of MIS systems, you should start to prepare this soft component collection, such as some of the overall design, regulations, local processes, and some human-machine interfaces, universal function modules, and simple development tools. Most of the work of the development MIS system are concentrated in the construction software phase. This phase of the work is to try to make the development of the building blocks with large flexibility and variability, and prepare for reuse. Every time a block block is developed, it is necessary to put the building block and its functions, call interfaces and other information into a soft component collection. The key to the use of building blocks is to use the reuse combination technology of the building blocks, and system developers must never overlook the management of soft components. If this is missing, the building blocks will lose superiority, and the defects exposed from the top-down method and the rapid prototype method will follow. Overall design and implementation of the system
The definition of the MIS component, the classification and generation process MIS component is a program frame with a certain processing function, its logical structure is set, and the program frame of the soft member body is fixed by the fixed portion - program frame, variable part - macro node ( Generate a rule sequence that replaces this macro node).
As can be known from the above-described soft component, the soft member is not a simple segment, and the process of generating the application functional component is the process of executing the rule, generating code replacing the macro node.
The general MIS component can be divided into two types: the user's soft component It can also be divided into general processing software components and dedicated processing software components. When the user cites the former, the system will generate the corresponding functional component by giving appropriate parameters. The latter is a soft component used by the user, equivalent to a fixed functional member. Control the control function member and interface components of the soft component finger. The generation process of the MIS component can be abstracted into several common operations. As the generated rule, the MIS component generating process is based on the generated operation (rule) provided by the soft member macro node, i.e., reading the parameters input by the user and generates The corresponding block and then replaces the macro node with this generated program segment. The system generation scheme uses a soft component technology to develop the MIS system is to construct an integrated environment with a building block combination open structure. According to the general structure of the MIS system, the complete MIS system should have the following main generation functions: Database file, function menu, database maintenance, query, index sorting, statistical calculation, graphics generation and analysis, report generation, printing, data consistency testing, Data consistency maintenance and application system document information.
The MIS system generation is based on a block-based block-soft component. The generation process of the MIS system is also extracted from the soft component library and combines them in combination with the integrated algorithm.
In order to adapt to the needs of various MIS system development, a large number of soft components should be included in the soft component library, but if there are many soft components, it will bring difficulties in finding, use, and maintenance of soft components. To this end, you need to design a managed program for a soft matrix library.
The management program of the soft component library mainly completes the following features:
Soft component lookup: Find the required soft components in a soft component; soft component expansion: Add a soft component to a soft component library; soft component integration: Use the existing soft means integrated software system; soft component deletion: Delete one Existing soft components; soft component modifications: Modify an existing soft member. The MIS system uses a soft component design method to divide the application system into several streamed wood blocks, and transform the program generation problem into a soft component design, processing issues. For different application systems, the commonality and individuality between them are found, the commonality part is made into a standard soft component, and the user requires the rule base. According to the soft member integration algorithm, connect the soft member into a complete system. Summary and prospect
The emergence of soft means techniques greatly meets the requirements of multiple applications, so that the soft components formed by various techniques can be reused to maximize. This leads to another problem facing large-scale software development: how to build object-oriented soft component library structure and effectively organize and manage. With the support of large soft configuration, the existing, quality, reliability strong soft means is developed in accordance with the engineering specifications of large-scale software development, and is a good way to meet these large system requirements. Nowadays, it is increasingly hoped that open distributed soft components with dispersion and joint processing. The goal of distributed soft component technology is to achieve open soft component products, enabling applications to operate, reduce development and management costs. So far, there is no implementation of a complete open softface-sensor system. But we believe that soft componentization is the inevitability of software industrialization.
