1. Equipment quality (kg): The quality of the car is completely equipped, including lubricants, fuel, car tools, spare tires.
2. Maximum total quality (kg): The total quality of the car is full.
3. Maximum loading quality (kg): The maximum load quality of the car is driving on the road.
4. Maximum axon mass (kg): the maximum total quality in the automotive single axis. Related to road passability.
5. Car head (mm): Distance between the two-pole endpoints in the longitudinal direction.
6. Car width (mm): Distance between the two-pole endpoints in the car width direction.
7. Cargo (mm): The distance between the highest point to the ground.
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9. Spare (mm): The distance between the tread center line of the same car.
10. Former housing (MM): The distance between the front end to the center of the front axle.
11. Hair hire (mm): The distance between the last end to the center of the rear axle.
12. Minimum separation gap (mm): When the car is full, the lowest point to the distance.
13. Access to the corner (°): The cutting of the front end of the car forwards the cutting line with the plane of the ground.
11. Leaving the corner (°): The cut line of the back wheel with the rear wheel and the angle of the ground.
15. Turning radius (mm): When the vehicle is steadped, the center plane of the automotive outer steering wheel is in the trajectory circular radius of the vehicle support plane. The turn radius is a minimum turning radius when the steering wheel goes to the extreme position.
16. Maximum speed (km / h): The maximum speed that the car can reach when driving on a flat road.
17. Maximum climb (%): The maximum climbing capacity when the car is full.
18. Average fuel consumption (L / 100KM): The average fuel consumption per 100 kilometers is driven during the road.
19. The number of wheels and the number of drive wheels (N × M): The number of wheels is measured by the number of wheels, and n represents the total number of wheels of the car, and M represents the number of drive wheels.
Engine basic parameters
The basic parameters of the automotive engine mainly include the number of engine cylinders, arrangements, valves, displacements, maximum output power, maximum torque.
Number of cylinders: The number of automotive engines common cylinders are 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 cylinders. The engine is usually used for 1 liter, which is commonly used in 3 cylinders, and 2.5 liters generally 4 cylinder engines. The engine of about 3 liters is generally 6 cylinders, 4 liters of about 8 cylinders, 5.5 liters, and 12-cylinder engines. In general, the maximum number of cylinders is in the same cylinder, the larger the displacement, the higher the power; the number of cylinders, the smaller the cylinder diameter, thereby obtaining a large lifting power.
The arrangement of cylinders: Generally, the cylinders of the engine below the 50 cylinders are arranged in a straight manner, and a few 6-cylinder engines also have inquirable. The cylinder of the inline engine is arranged, the cylinder, the cylinder head, and the crank structure are simple, the manufacturing cost is low, the low speed torque characteristics is good, the fuel consumption is less, the size is relatively wide, and the disadvantage is low. The moving balance of the 6-cylinder is better, and the vibration is relatively small. Most 6 to 12-cylinder engines use V-shaped arrangements, and the V-shaped cylinder is 4-column 4-regulated angle arrangement, the shape is compact, the V-shaped engine length and the height size are small, and it is very convenient to arrange. The V8 engine structure is very complicated, the manufacturing cost is high, so fewer use, the V12 engine is too large, only a very small high-end sedan is used.
Number: Most of the domestic engine uses 2 valves per cylinder, a intake door, a vent door; foreign car engine generally adopts the 4 valve structure per cylinder, which is 2 air doors, 2 exhaust valves, improved , The efficiency of exhaust; foreign companies began to adopt the 5 valve structure per cylinder, that is, 3 air doors, 2 exhaust valves, the main role is to increase the intake volume, so that combustion is more thorough. The number of valves is not, the better, the 5 valve can indeed improve intake efficiency, but the structure is extremely complicated, difficult to process, using less, and the new Gate of China uses five valve engines. Exhaust volume: The cylinder working volume refers to the gas volume of the piston from the dead center to the lower point, also known as a single cylinder displacement, depending on the cylinder block and the piston stroke. The engine displacement is the sum of the working volume of each cylinder, generally used to rise (L). The engine displacement is one of the most important structural parameters. It is more dependent on the size of the engine than the number of engines and cylinders, and many of the engines are closely related to exhaust.
Maximum output power: The highest output power is generally represented by horses (PS) or kW. The output power of the engine is very high. As the speed increases, the power of the engine is also improved, but after a certain number of speeds, the power is reversed. Generally, the highest output power in the automotive instructions are represented (r / min), such as 100 ps / 5000r / min, that is, the highest output power is 100 horsepower at 5000 per minute.
Maximum torque: The torque of the engine output from the crankshaft end is N.M / R / min, and the maximum torque typically occurs in the range of the engine, the low speed range, and the torque will decrease as the speed increases. Of course, in choosing, we must weigh how to use it reasonably, do not waste existing functions. For example, there is a need for air conditioning in Beijing in winter. When choosing engine power, you should consider it's too small; just getting a traffic vehicle on urban loop, there is no need to pick a large horsepower engine. Try to make an economy, reasonably select the engine.
5V: V is the first letter of English "Value". Traditional car engine cylinders generally adopt a 4-valve structure, that is, two air valves, 2 exhaust valves, ensuring sufficient, effective, effective, conducive to engine speed, and achieve maximum power of the engine. 5 Valve Technology is currently widely used in foreign car companies, and the "Bora" "Bora" listed in my country has adopted 5 valve technology, namely 3 air valves, 2 exhaust valves. German Volkswagen Motors is a leader in 5 valve applications.
high brake light: Generally mounted on the tail of the car, so that the vehicle that is behind, it is easy to discover the front vehicle brakes, and it is necessary to prevent the purpose of rear-end accidents. Since the general car has two brake lights installed on both ends of the car, one left and right, the high brake light is also called the third brake light.
. It is a safe brake control system with advantages such as anti-slip, anti-lock death. There is no car installed in the ABS system. When you encounter an emergency, it is easy to step by step, you can only step on it. At this time, the wheels are easy to hold, plus the sprint inertia, which may happen to slip, run, direction and direction. There is an ABS car that when the wheel is about to reach the next lock, 60 to 120 times can be used within a second, which is equivalent to stopping braking, relaxation, is similar to the mechanical "bottom brake". Therefore, it is possible to avoid the direction of the emergency brakes and the wheel side slip, so that the wheel is not locked when the wheel is braked, and the tire is not rubbed with the ground, and the friction is increased, so that the brake efficiency is 90% or more. Generally speaking, in the case of slowing the braking force, ABS is not effective, and only ABS is effective when the braking force suddenly increases the wheel tachometry. Another major effect of ABS is the simultaneous direction of the brake to avoid obstacles. Therefore, when the braking distance is shorter, the speed is quickly braked, and it is the best choice to avoid accidents.
It is worth noting that the car is equipped with ABS and does not mean that everything is going on. So here, I am admiring the owner of the ABS system, and I can't rest assured that I can drive the accident, maybe ABS can't save you.
Central door lock
The central door lock refers to a control device that controls the shutter shutter and the opening of the shutter door by the switch on the driver's door.
The central door lock uses a switch to control other switches, which performs the shutdown and opening of the door lock in an electromagnetic drive. The central door lock actuator is divided into two forms: one is the form of electromagnetic coils, and the other is the form of DC motor. Both forms convert the object motion direction by changing the polarity of the direct current, performing the shutdown or opening operation.
At present, the central door lock of the sedan is mostly electromagnetic coil type. When the lock door is forwarded to the electromagnetic coil, the magnet drives the link to move to the left, and the door lock is bucking. When the electromagnetic coil is turned on, the magnet is moved to the right, and the door lock tongue is separated.
The working principle of DC electric machine is that the link driving force is provided by reversible DC motor, using the movement of the motor to complete the lock door and open the door.
The above is the working principle of the central door lock. The actual application should be complex, consider the start current value of the electromagnetic coil or motor, when the four-door lock of the car simultaneously operates, the change in current value changes the entire circuit network of the entire circuit network. Therefore, in addition to the central door lock switch to control the electromagnetic coil or motor, the capacitor circuit is to avoid a large fluctuation of the vehicle current.
F_mpv
F_MPV is evolved from the concept of MPV. MPV is the abbreviation of English Multi Purpose Vehicles, usually translated into multipurpose cars or multi-function cars, the earliest American American "Chevrolet Lumina", France "," Renault " Space "(Renault Espace), etc. And F_PV is the concept of our Chinese, F (Family) is the meaning of the family. For example, "Changhe North Fighting" F_MPV, the concept of family multi-function cars, can be launched, can also be carried out. With the improvement of people's living standards, it is also very comfortable to drive F_MPV.
Turbocharger
The turbine consists of two parts, one is the fresh air boost end, the other part is the exhaust gas drive end, each having an impeller at both ends, on the same axis, and the shaft support is a bushing. The rotational power of the turbocharger impeller is from exhaust gas. The turbocharger housing is nickel, chromium and silicon alloy material, shaft as chromium and molybdenum alloy material. More importantly, the turbocharger is working under high temperature and high speed. In order to ensure its normal operation, the oil and coolant is entered into the turbocharger to ensure effective lubrication and cooling, improve working conditions. . The engine discharged from the exhaust gas having a high temperature and a certain pressure enters the supercharger, the impeller of the shaft is rotated at a high speed of tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of revolutions per minute, when idling, the impeller rotation speed is 12000 rpm, when When the load is loaded, the impeller speed can reach 135000 rpm, and the ordinary bearings are unable to withstand high temperatures and wear of such high speeds. The fuel cell
The fuel cell is an electrochemical power generation device. It is different from the battery in the conventional sense.
The main principle is that fuel cells are directly converted into electrical energy in temperature and chemical chemistry. It does not pass the heat engine, so it is not limited by the Carno cycle, the energy conversion efficiency is high (40-60%); almost no emissions from NOx and SOX. Moreover, the amount of discharge of CO2 is also reduced more than 40% higher than the conventional power plant. It is precisely due to these highlighted superiority, the research and development of fuel cell technology is subject to the attention of governments and large companies, and is considered to be a clean and efficient power generation technology in the 21st century.
GPS
GPS is a referred to as Global POSTIONING SYSTEM, that is, the global satellite positioning system. In addition to the United States, there are Russia, EU Global Positioning Systems, and GPS in the usual sense refers to American global satellite positioning systems. It can accurately measure the instantaneous position of the object at any location by accepting the navigation signals emitted in 24 satellites in the 24 satellites, which can be accurately measured at any location, exactly the latitude and longitude, speed, etc. of the object. information. GPS is originally only used in military fields. The current GPS has been widely used in the transportation industry. It uses GPS positioning technology to combine wireless communication technology (GSM or CDMA), geographic information management system (GIS) and other high-tech, to achieve monitoring of vehicles After the digital channel of the GSM network, the signal is delivered to the vehicle monitoring center, and the monitoring center is converted by the differential technology, and then the location signal is displayed by the landmap language by GIS, and the positioning navigation of the vehicle can be achieved through the service center. Robbery, service rescue, remote monitoring, trajectory record and other functions.
GPS main function
anti-theft function: When the owner leaves the vehicle, the vehicle is in a safe fortification state, if someone illegally opens the door or launching the vehicle, the vehicle will automatically alarm, at this time, the owner mobile phone, vehicle monitoring center will receive alarm phone, not labor ownership Brain injury, the monitoring center's duty personnel will immediately contact 110 alarm; and the vehicle automatically starts oil, the power down process.
anti-robbery function: the owner, especially the taxi to the outskirts, if you encounter a few 悍匪, no longer a fortunate fight. Strong GPS system support, the owner only needs to press the alarm switch, and the vehicle will send a robbery to the monitoring center. If the alarm switch is discovered and destroyed, the damaged system automatically issues alarm signal. The monitoring center immediately starts the automatic tracking system immediately, immediately feeds back the location of the vehicle to 110 to rescue the owner.
navigation function: that is, electronic map function, this feature is the orthodox function of GPS. The owner as long as the starting point and end point, the system immediately refers to the best shortcut between the two places to the owner. It is a pity that this technology is currently still a concept in the short term in China. It is said that China FAW and other enterprises have begun to develop independent navigation systems, so the owner has reason to believe in the future of GPS navigation. At present, China is mainly through voice navigation, the owner can get the location of the vehicle through the vehicle monitoring center, and can also query the walking route to the center. This voice navigation compared to foreign electronic maps, although it is not perfect, it can reduce the pressure on the map to watch the map while driving, and the owner can easily get guidelines.
Interpretation of automotive equipment English abbreviation
ABS anti-dead lock brake system
GOA full-space car body collision structure
Sahr active safety headrest
DSE comprehensive safety protection
Ees seat automatic adjustment system
accelerated anti-slip controller
RSP electronic stabilization program
TCS anti-slip control system
Gas variable geometric intake system
Jumping anti-theft device
Tong, the same transmission and anti-theft host system, the transmitter of the transmitter and the anti-theft host system must have a password to identify each other in addition to the same transmission and reception frequency.
The password of the anti-theft device is a set of data combined with different ways and is a key to the alarm. On the one hand, it records the identity data (identity) of the alarm, distinguishes different anti-theft devices; on the other hand, it contains the anti-theft functional command information (data or instruction code), responsible for opening or closing the alarm , Control all functions that complete the alarm. With this group of passwords, you have mastered the keys to turn on the arbiter.
According to the password emission mode, the remote automobile anti-theft device is mainly divided into two types of coded anti-theft and hopping anti-theft. Early anti-theft is mostly used, but due to its own shortcomings, it has gradually been replaced by advanced hopping anti-theft.
Car recall system
The so-called automotive recall system is a car that is launching the market. It is found that there is a defect in design or manufacturing. It does not comply with relevant regulations, standards, and it is possible to lead to safety and environmental issues. The product has problems, the causes of problems, improvements, etc., put forward recall, after approved, the use of vehicles, to eliminate hidden dangers. Manufacturers have obligations to let users know about the situation in time. There is currently car recall system with the United States, Japan, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia.
The car recall system started in the United States, the United States, launched a campaign in the United States, and called on the Congress to establish a car safety regulation. The result of his efforts is the "National Traffic and Motor Safety Law". The law stipulates that the automakers have an obligation to disclose information on the publishing car recall, and the situation must be notified to the user and transportation management department to perform free repairs. In May 1969, the US media slammed Europe and Japanese car merchants recall the defect car for repair, specifically pointed out the blue bird leakage oil and Toyota Cokea brake fault problem. On June 1st, after the Japanese "Dynasty News" reported this news, it caused an uproar in Japan. In August of the same year, Japanese transport province revised the "Form of Motor Vehicle Form", which increased the "Automotive Manufacturer's obligation to recall the obligations of defective cars".
